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Chayote (Sechium edule)

Labu siam or jipang or mirliton squash or chayote (Sechium edule) is a plant species in Cucurbitaceae, growing vines and generally upwards, widely planted as food and a source of vitamin C where fresh fruit for salads or lightly cooked to remove sap.

S. edule grows on the ground or climbs large trees up to 12 m high, stems are green, not woody and are usually cultivated anywhere as long as they have support. The ends of the stems are threaded to reach support or link themselves.


The leaves are oval, 10-25 cm wide, have many angles as the bones depend on variety and the surface has hair. Male flowers in groups and solitary female flowers, yellowish green, four or five petals and pistils in the middle.

The fruit hangs on the stem, is irregular in egg shape, slightly flattened and has rough wrinkles, 10-20 cm long, green or yellow, has a thin skin, white insides with a single hole, large and flat. Some varieties have thorny skin.

The fruit is boiled briefly to remove sap and eaten for a v…
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Crab-eating macaque (Macaca fascicularis)

Crab-eating macaque or long-tailed macaque (Macaca fascicularis) is a primate species in Cercopithecidae, brown with a lighter color abdomen and whitish hair on the face, polygamy, genome size 2946.84 Mb, 21 pairs of chromosomes, highly adaptive and wild animals that are able to follow human civilization.

M. fascicularis has at least 10 recorded subspecies: Dark-crowned long-tailed macaque (Macaca fascicularis ssp. atriceps), Burmese long-talied macaque (Macaca fascicularis ssp. aureus), Con Song long-tailed macaque (Macaca fascicularis ssp. condorensisis).



Common long-tailed macaque (Macaca fascicularis ssp. fascicularis), Simeulue long-tailed macaque (Macaca fascicularis ssp. fuscus), Kemujan long-tailed macaque (Macaca fascicularis ssp. karimondjawae), Lasia long-tailed macaque (Macaca fascicularis ssp. lasiae)

Philippine long-tailed macaque (Macaca fascicularis ssp. philippensis), Maratua long-tailed macaque (Macaca fascicularis ssp. tua), Nicobar crabeating macaque (Macaca fascic…
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Coffee (Coffea arabica)

Kopi gunung or mountain coffee or arabica coffee (Coffea arabica) is a plant species in Rubacea, up to 9 meters high, growing at an altitude above 700 meters above sea level, one of the most economically valuable plantation commodities among other plants.

C. arabica generally blooms after 2 years of age. Adult flowers pollinate with the opening of the petals and crown that will develop into fruit. Green skin will turn yellow and dark red with maturation. The entire process to harvest takes 6-8 months.


Flowers bloom at the beginning of the dry season and the fruit is ready to be picked at the end of the dry season. Primary branches will elongate and form new leaves at the beginning of the rainy season and prepare to produce flowers at the beginning of the upcoming dry season. The main stem has segments where a pair of opposite leaves grow.

Leaves have a line in the middle and lines to the side following the bone, wavy, thick green, muscular and tapered at the tip. The leaves grow and ar…
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Salak (Salacca zalacca)

Salak or snake fruit (Salacca zalacca) is a species of palm plant in Arecaceae, dioesis, shrubs and not trunked, has many thorns, many shoots, grows into dense and strong clumps, spreads below or above the ground, often branching and 10-15 cm diameter.

S. zalacca has compound leaves, pinnate and 3-7 m long. Petiole, midrib and sapling have many long thorns, thin spines and a blackish-gray color. Minor leaves have a lanceolate shape, a pointed tip, 8x85 cm and a white underside by a waxy coating.


The flowers in the cob are compound, appear in the armpit of the leaf, stem, initially covered by a sheath then dry and break down like fibers. Male flowers 50-100 cm long, 4-12 cylindrical items, 7-15 cm long, reddish in the armpits of tightly arranged scales. Female flowers 20-30 cm long, stemmed long and 1-3 items.

The fruit has scaly skin, is eaten and is known as a table fruit, triangular shaped rather rounded or inverted ovoid, pointed at the base and rounded at the tip, 2.5-10 cm long, w…
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Giant bamboo (Dendrocalamus asper)

Petung or betung or dragon bamboo or giant bamboo (Dendrocalamus asper) is a plant species in Poaceae, has a large and strong, has a high adaptability, is used for building materials and structural wood for construction and shoots are cooked for vegetables.

D. asper grows in clumps, purplish black buds, covered by blackish brown velvet. Height of 20 m with curved ends, section length of 40-50 cm, diameter 12-20 cm and thickness of 1-4 cm. The color green or dark green or purplish green or whitish green or laced with white spots.


The boundaries of the segment are surrounded by hanging roots, 50x25 cm reed midribs, covered by blackish brown velvet, rounded ears and sometimes curled up to the base of the reed fronds, 7 mm high with velvety blades up to 5 mm. Irregular jagged ligula, height 7-10 mm with short velvets up to 3 mm.

The leaf fronds are triangular with the base narrowed and hugged upside down. Leaves on a branch with a hollow or pale stem, without ears, ligula 2 mm, strands 15-…
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White-nest swiftlet (Aerodramus fuciphagus)

Walet sarang-putih or edible-nest swiftlet or white-nest swiftlet or Collocalia fuciphaga (Aerodramus fuciphagus) are bird species in Apodidae, sexual monomorphism, small in size, insect eaters, have the ability to echolocate, have at least six subspecies and are most farmed.

A. fuciphagus has a size of 10-16 cm and wings are long, slender, slightly curved backward and the tip is tapered. The upper part is blackish brown and the lower part is brown. The tail is pale brown or gray or dark brown, the eyes are wide and iris dark brown, the beak and legs are black.


White-nest swiftlet has six subspecies: Aerodramus fuciphagus fuciphagus, Aerodramus fuciphagus dammermani, Aerodramus fuciphagus inexpectatus, Aerodramus fuciphagus micans, Aerodramus fuciphagus perplexus and Aerodramus fuciphagus vestitus.

Edible-nest swiftlet is able to do echolocation like bats by producing a certain frequency sound intermittently and then recapturing the reflection of the sound to determine the distance and…
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Petai (Parkia speciosa)

Stink bean or bitter bean or pete or petai (Parkia speciosa) is a tropical tree species in Fabaceae, 5-25 m high and branched, reddish brown bark, always green, compound and pinnate leaves, young seeds are harvested as fresh or boiled food .

P. speciosa has a hump-shaped flower that hangs with a long stalk, usually appearing near the tips of the branches. Flowers that are young and not yet blooming are green, mature flowers have stamens and pistils, old flowers turn yellow and are large in size.


Dozens of long, flat pod-shaped fruits emerge from a flower hump hanging from a tree. Each pod has up to 10-20 seeds that are neatly arranged, green when young and wrapped in a rather thick membrane of light brown. The fruit dries and becomes harder as it ripens and releases the seeds.

Petai grows well in wet and slightly wet climates, low land to mountains with an altitude of 1,500 m, open spaces and lots of sun throughout the day with fine-tinted soil and Ph 5.5-6.5. Trees start bearing fruit…
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