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Tiger grass (Thysanolaena maxima)

Tiger grass (Thysanolaena maxima) is a species of plant in Poaceae, large and perennial grass, growing in dense clumps, morphology similar to bamboo but smaller in stems, the shoots have a white flour coating forming tiger-like stripes, flowers collected and used to make brooms.

T. maxima has an upright trunk and tends to be curved, up to 3 meters high, hard, has segments, has no branches and is dark green-black in color. The reed is solid, dense and not hollow. Ligules are membranous, 1-2 mm long and hairless.



The leaf blade is lanceolate-oblong and wide, stiff, up to 60 cm long, up to 10 cm wide, rounded base, sharp tip, a bone in the middle, the upper surface is dark green and rough, the lower surface is pale green and a horizontal mark forms mold in the middle.

The flowers are collected in large panicles at the end of the stem as terminals, 30-60 cm wide, 15-30 cm long. Each node has a branch, the wick has short hair, the bottom is free of spikelets, the lowest branch is up to 30 cm,…
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Barn swallow (Hirundo rustica)

Layang-layang api or barn swallow (Hirundo rustica) is a species of animal in the Hirundinidae, a distinctive warbler with a blue-black top, long forked tail, a pair of legs strong but not strong enough to fly non-stop all day long and often perch in large groups on power lines and man-made structures.

H. rustica has a length of 17-19 cm including 2-7 cm of elongated outer tail feathers, a wingspan of 32-34.5 cm and a weight of 16-22 g. The top part is blackish blue, the bottom part is white with a long vertical line forming a curve to the stomach.



The forehead, chin and throat are reddish brown. Elongated forked tail feathers and a white stripe along the outer end of the upper tail. The female has a shorter tail band and a paler underside. Juveniles are browner, the underside is whiter and do not have a long tail band.

Barn swallow likes open areas including meadows and farmlands with water at altitudes up to 3,000 m. These birds usually grab prey in open areas above ground or above sha…
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Yellow joyweed (Alternanthera flavecens)

Benikan or yellow joyweed (Alternanthera flavecens) is a plant species in Amaranthaceae, perennial shrub, upright, 60-150 cm tall, rounded stems, long slender, spread upward, branching to form a trident, the tip ends with flowers, green with whitish scales.

A. flavecens have oval or lancet or elliptical or long leaves, in pairs, 1.8-8 cm long, 0.5-3 cm wide, herbaceous, hairless or hairy, a bone in the middle with several pulses, shiny, surface the top is dark green and the lower surface is pale green.



Flowers in the inflorescence and axillary terminals. Yellowish white head, subglobose to cylinder, length 0.9-2.5 cm, width 0.9-1 cm. Monomorphic tepal, green, lanceolate, 3.4-4.7 mm, acute peak, villi and non-thorny.

Yellow Joyweed has five stamens, pseudostaminodes ligulate and margin laciniate. Utrikel included in tepal, greenish yellow, ellipsoid and size 2.5 mm. The seeds are ovoid and 1.2-1.3 mm in size.

Benikan blooms throughout the year, grows into shrubs and spreads covering primar…
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Candlenut (Aleurites moluccanus)

Kemiri or candlenut (Aleurites moluccanus) is a plant species in Euphorbiaceae, a large tree, up to 40 meters high, up to 1.5 m in diameter, gray bark and slightly rough lenticell, widespread in tropical areas, seeds are used as source of oil and spices.

A. moluccanus has young leaves, twigs and flowers adorned with stellar hair that is dense, short and silver in color as if it is dusted with flour. Large tree canopy appears whitish or silvery in the distance.



Single leaf, alternating, dark green, stalk has a length of up to 30 cm with a pair of glands at the tip. Leaflets are round or egg-shaped or oval or triangular, diameter up to 30 cm, heart-shaped base, 3-5 triangles at the ends and bones are traced only at first.

The flowers are in thyrsoid panicles in the terminal or at the tip of the armpits and 10-20 cm long. White flowers, short stems, females at the end of the extra umbrella panicles, males have a smaller size, bloom first and have more numbers. The lancet-shaped crown, 5 par…
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