Dlium

Olive ( Olea europaea ) is a plant species in the Oleaceae family; it is an evergreen tree or shrub reaching a height of 8–15 meters, characterized by an irregular, gnarled, and twisted trunk. The leaves are simple, arranged oppositely without stipules, and are silvery-green and oblong, measuring 4–10 cm in length and 1–3 cm in width. O. europaea produces flowers and fruits. The small, white, hairy flowers feature a ten-lobed calyx and corolla, two stamens, and a bifid stigma. The fruit is a small drupe (1–25 cm long) containing a seed with endosperm. Fruits from wild plants are smaller and more slender than those from cultivated varieties. The fruit is harvested at stages ranging from green to purple. The tree begins to bear fruit at five years of age and can live for up to 2,000 years. TAXON Kingdom: Plantae Phylum: Tracheophyta Subphylum: Angiospermae Class: Magnoliopsida Order: Lamiales Family: Oleaceae Genus: Olea L. in Sp. Pl.: 8 (1753) Species: Olea europaea L. in Sp. Pl.: 8 (...

Indonesian cinnamon ( Cinnamomum burmanni ) is a plant species in the Lauraceae family. It is an evergreen tree that can reach a height of up to 15 meters, featuring fragrant bark and slender, angular branches. Its leaves are glossy green and oval-shaped, measuring approximately 10 cm in length and 3–4 cm in width. C. burmanni produces a bright yellow or whitish sap. Small, yellow flowers bloom in early summer, eventually developing into fruit. The mature fruit has a thick skin and a fragrant aroma. The tree’s wood is also aromatically scented and is utilized in culinary seasoning, perfumes, and medicinal preparations. TAXON Kingdom: Plantae Phylum: Tracheophyta Subphylum: Angiospermae Class: Magnoliopsida Order: Laurales Family: Lauraceae Genus: Cinnamomum Schaeff. in Bot. Exped.: 74 (1760) Species: Cinnamomum burmanni (Nees & T.Nees) Blume in Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind.: 569 (1826) HOMOTYPIC SYNONYMS Cinnamomum burmanni var. kiamis (Nees) Meisn. in A.P.de Candolle, Prodr. 15(1): 17 (1...

Field mustard ( Brassica rapa ) is a herbaceous plant species in the Brassicaceae family; it is an annual or biennial plant characterized by a slender taproot and a basal rosette of leaves. The stem often grows upright and branched, typically reaching a height of 0.5–1.3 meters. The lower leaves are stalked and serrated or lobed, while the upper leaves are more slender. B. rapa produces yellow, four-petaled flowers that develop into slender seed pods. This species grows in diverse environments and soil types and is frequently found growing in the wild. Mature seed pods split open to release seeds into the surrounding area, which germinate within 1–3 days under ideal temperatures. The plant is diploid with a base chromosome number of 10. Its estimated genome size is 425 million base pairs. A nearly complete genome assembly was published in 2023, with 8 of the 10 chromosomes assembled fully from end to end, leaving only two gaps. This species is highly adaptable. It prefers moist, well...