Dlium

Mango ( Mangifera indica ) is a plant species in the Anacardiaceae family; it is a long-lived tree that can reach heights of up to 40 meters, continues to bear fruit after 300 years, and possesses roots extending to a depth of 6 meters. The leaves are alternate and simple, measuring 15-35 cm in length and 6-16 cm in width; they are reddish-orange when young and dark green when mature. M. indica produces flowers in terminal panicles 10-40 cm long; the individual flowers are small and white, featuring five petals (5-10 mm long) and a mild, sweet fragrance. The fruit takes 4-5 months to mature after flowering. Ripe fruits vary in size, shape, color, sweetness, and eating quality. Ripe fruits may be yellow, orange, red, or green. Each fruit contains a single, flat, oblong seed with a fibrous or hairy surface that does not separate easily from the flesh. The fruit is round, oval, or kidney-shaped, ranging from 5 to 25 cm in length and weighing between 140 g and 2 kg. The skin is waxy, smo...

Tanjung ( Mimusops elengi ) is a plant species in the Sapotaceae family; it is a medium-sized tree reaching heights of up to 25 meters. The leaves are simple and alternate, with long stalks; young leaves are covered in brown hairs that shed quickly. The leaf blades range from ovate to oblong, measuring 9–16 cm in length, with margins that are entire yet wavy. The flowers are small and bisexual, hanging singly or in pairs from the leaf axils; they are creamy white to pale yellow and possess a delightful, fragrant scent. The calyx is arranged in two whorls of four segments each. The corolla features a short, broad tube and is arranged in two whorls totaling 8-16 segments—the outermost of which are corolla-like appendages—colored yellowish-white. There are 8 stamens alternating with staminodes that have toothed tips. The fruit is spindle-shaped or elongated-ovate (bullet-like), 2-3 cm long, and turns orange-red when ripe, retaining the calyx. It contains a single seed that is oblong or f...

Rambutan ( Nephelium lappaceum ) is a tree species in the Sapindaceae family that grows to a height of 15–24 meters. It features alternate, compound leaves measuring 7–30 cm in length, consisting of one to four pairs of leaflets that are 15–20 cm wide and 2.5–10 cm long. The flowers are small (2.5–5 mm), lack petals, are disc-shaped, and grow in upright terminal panicles measuring 15–30 cm across. Male trees produce only male flowers and do not bear fruit, while female trees produce flowers that function solely as female flowers. The fruit is a round-to-oval drupe containing a single seed (3–6 cm in size); the fruits grow in loose, hanging clusters of 10–20. The skin of the ripe fruit is reddish and covered with soft spines. These spines allow the fruit to release moisture into the surrounding environment. More than 200 cultivars have been developed from selected clones across tropical Asia. Wild-harvested rambutans tend to have higher acidity levels. In Indonesia, at least 22 cultiva...