Skip to main content

Gadung (Dioscorea hispida)

Gadung (Dioscorea hispida) is a plant species in Dioscoreaceae, shrubs, trunks and climbing on hard-stemmed plants with convoluted direction always turning to the right from the root, 5-20 m long, producing tubers for chips, brownies, wine and others.

D. hispida has a stem of 0.5-1 cm, prickly or not, grayish green and white waxed. The stems have three leaves, 30x28 cm, the five main bones are arranged linearly, round in shape with a blunt base and pointed tip, green, rough surface, thin and limp like paper.

Dlium Gadung (Dioscorea hispida)

Male flowers are collected in bunches at the armpits of the stalks, branched, soft haired, yellow and fragrant. Compound female flowers are grain and are not branched. Yellow crown and six stamens. The fruit is elliptical, 1 cm in diameter and brown in color.

Bulbs are formed near the surface of the soil, are numerous, irregular in shape, cluster in bundles up to 25 cm wide, have root hair, yellow or light brown skin and white or yellow flesh.

Gadung has two varieties that are distinguished by the characteristics of the tuber. Dioscorea hispida var. punel has many tubers each bunch with an area of 7-15 cm to 15-25 cm, white and has a very strong fibers. Dioscorea hispida var. suntil has a larger, denser, white-gray tuber with yellow tuber flesh.

D. hispida easily grows in tropical forests with high rainfall, clay soils, red soils, black soils, sandy soils, flat places or hilly slopes. Minimum rainfall of 1000 mm/year with a dry season of no more than 2-4 months. Generally in lowlands up to an altitude of 1200 m, but can not grow with an average temperature below 20C.



Tubers are very poisonous which contain dioscorine and diosgenin which cause dizziness and spasms, but special processing methods allow tubers to be eaten. Raw bulbs are used as ingredients for animal poisons, insecticides and wound medicine.

Flowers have a fragrant scent for clothing fragrances and hair ornaments. Tubers contain high carbohydrates and a hectare of plants produce 40 tons of flour which has been used as an ingredient of bread, cake and brownies.

Kingdom: Plantae
Phylum: Tracheophyta
Subphylum: Angiospermae
Class: Liliopsida
Order: Dioscoreales
Family: Dioscoreaceae
Genus: Dioscorea
Species: Dioscorea hispida
Labels:

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular

Indian rosewood (Dalbergia latifolia)

Sonokeling or Java palisandre or Indian rosewood ( Dalbergia latifolia ) is a species of plant in the Fabaceae, a large tree producing hardwood, medium weight and high quality, rounded leaves, thin and broad pods, highly adaptive, grows in dry and rocky landscapes with lots of sunlight. D. latifolia has medium to large size, cylindrical stems, up to 40 m high with a ring of up to 2 m, the bark is brownish gray and slightly cracked longitudinally. The crown is dense, dome-shaped and sheds leaves. The leaves are compound and pinnate oddly with 5-7 strands that have different sizes and appear alternately on the shaft. The leaves are round or elongated in width or heart, the upper surface is green and the surface is pale green. The flowers are small, 0.5-1 cm long and clustered in panicles. The pods are green to brown when ripe and are elongated lanceolate, pointed at the base and tip. The pods have 1-4 seeds which are soft and brownish. Indian rosewood grows at elevations below 600 m,
2 comments
Read more

Cogon grass (Imperata cylindrica)

Alang-alang or cogon grass ( Imperata cylindrica ) is a plant species in Poaceae, annual grass, sharp leaf, long buds and scaly, creeping under the ground, very adaptive and grows in all climates which often become weeds on agricultural land. I. cylindrica has a sharp pointed tip of the bud and emerges from the ground, height of 0.2-1.5 m but in other places it may be more, short stems, rising up to the ground and flowering white or purplish, often with wreath of hair under the segment. Leaf strands in the form of long ribbons, lancet-tipped with a narrow base and gutter-shaped, 12-80 cm long, very coarse edge and jagged sharply, long hair at the base with broad, pale leaf bones in the middle. The flowers are panicles, 6-28 cm long with long-haired and white-colored ears for 1 cm which are used as a tool to blow off the fruit when ripe. Cogon grass breeds quickly with seeds that spread quickly with the wind or through rhizomes that quickly penetrate the soil. Alang-alang does
Post a Comment
Read more

Redflower ragleaf (Crassocephalum crepidioides)

Sintrong or ebolo or thickhead or redflower ragleaf ( Crassocephalum crepidioides ) are plant species in Asteraceae, terma height 25-100 cm, white fibrous roots, generally grow wild on the roadside, yard gardens or abandoned lands at altitude 200- 2500 m. C. crepidioides has erect or horizontal stems along the soil surface, vascular, soft, non-woody, shallow grooves, green, rough surface and short white hair, aromatic fragrance when squeezed. Petiole is spread on stems, tubular and eared. Single leaf, spread out, green, 8-20 cm long, 3-6 cm wide, longitudinal or round inverted eggshell with a narrow base along the stalk. Pointed tip, flat-edged or curved to pinnate, jagged rough and pointed. The top leaves are smaller and often sit. Compound flowers grow throughout the year in humps that are arranged in terminal flat panicles and androgynous. Green cuffs with orange-brown to brick-red tips, cylindrical for 13-16 mm long and 5-6 mm wide. The crown is yellow with a brownish red
3 comments
Read more