Skip to main content

Gadung (Dioscorea hispida)

Dlium Gadung (Dioscorea hispida)

Gadung (Dioscorea hispida) is a plant species in Dioscoreaceae, shrubs, trunks and climbing on hard-stemmed plants with convoluted direction always turning to the right from the root, 5-20 m long, producing tubers for chips, brownies, wine and others.

D. hispida has a stem of 0.5-1 cm, prickly or not, grayish green and white waxed. The stems have three leaves, 30x28 cm, the five main bones are arranged linearly, round in shape with a blunt base and pointed tip, green, rough surface, thin and limp like paper.



Male flowers are collected in bunches at the armpits of the stalks, branched, soft haired, yellow and fragrant. Compound female flowers are grain and are not branched. Yellow crown and six stamens. The fruit is elliptical, 1 cm in diameter and brown in color.

Bulbs are formed near the surface of the soil, are numerous, irregular in shape, cluster in bundles up to 25 cm wide, have root hair, yellow or light brown skin and white or yellow flesh.

This plant has two varieties that are distinguished by the characteristics of the tuber. Dioscorea hispida var. punel has many tubers each bunch with an area of 7-15 cm to 15-25 cm, white and has a very strong fibers. Dioscorea hispida var. suntil has a larger, denser, white-gray tuber with yellow tuber flesh.

TAXON

Kingdom: Plantae
Phylum: Tracheophyta
Subphylum: Angiospermae
Class: Liliopsida
Order: Dioscoreales
Family: Dioscoreaceae
Genus: Dioscorea Plum. ex L. in Sp. Pl.: 1032 (1753)
Species: Dioscorea hispida Dennst. in Schlüssel Hortus Malab.: 33 (1818)

HETEROTYPIC SYNONYMS

Dioscorea daemona Roxb. in Fl. Ind., ed. 1832. 3: 805 (1832)
Dioscorea daemona var. reticulata Hook.f. in Fl. Brit. India 6: 289 (1892)
Dioscorea hirsuta Blume in Enum. Pl. Javae 1: 21 (1827)
Dioscorea hispida var. daemona (Roxb.) Prain & Burkill in Ann. Roy. Bot. Gard. (Calcutta) 14(1): 192 (1936)
Dioscorea hispida var. mollissima (Blume) Prain & Burkill in Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1927: 237 (1927)
Dioscorea hispida var. neoscaphoides Prain & Burkill (1927), not validly publ.
Dioscorea hispida var. reticulata (Hook.f.) Prain & Burkill (1927)
Dioscorea hispida var. scaphoides Prain & Burkill (1927)
Dioscorea lunata B.Heyne ex Roth in Nov. Pl. Sp.: 370 (1821)
Dioscorea mollissima Blume (1827)
Dioscorea triphylla var. daemona (Roxb.) Prain & Burkill in J. Proc. Asiat. Soc. Bengal 10(1): 26 (1914)
Dioscorea triphylla var. mollissima (Blume) Prain & Burkill (1914)
Dioscorea triphylla var. reticulata (Hook.f.) Prain & Burkill (1914)
Dioscorea virosa Wall. ex Klotzsch & Garcke in Bot. Ergebn. Reise Waldemar: 56 (1862)
Helmia daemona (Roxb.) Kunth in Enum. Pl. 5: 439 (1850)
Helmia hirsuta (Blume) Kunth (1850)

PUBLICATIONS

Bhattacharya, R.P., Pal, D.C. & Pati, B.R. (2014). A sytematic census of monocot climbers of Bihar anf Jharkhand states. Indian Journal of Forestry 37: 317-324.

Govaerts, R. (2000). World Checklist of Seed Plants Database in ACCESS Genera starting with letter D: 1-30141.

Govaerts, R., Wilkin, P. & Saunders, R.M.K. (2007). World Checklist of Dioscoreales. Yams and their allies: 1-65. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Hang, Y.Y. (2020). Dioscoreaceae in China : color-illustrated Chinese and English bilingual edition: 1-476. Jiangsu Phoenix Science and Technology Press.

Kotiya, A., Solanki, Y. & Reddy, G.V. (2020). Flora of Rajasthan: 1-769. Rajasthan state biodiversity board.

Kumar, S. (2012). Herbaceous flora of Jaunsar-Bawar (Uttarkhand), India: enumerations. Phytotaxonomy 12: 33-56.

Samanta, A.K. (2006). The genus Dioscorea L. in Darjeeling and Sikkim Himalayas - a census. Journal of Economic and Taxonomic Botany 30: 555-563.

Sudarnadi, H. (1996). Tumbuhan Monokotil. Penebar Swadaya, Jakarta. Hal. 107-108

Tanaka, N., Koyama, T. & Murata, J. (2005). The flowering plants of Mt. Popa, central Myanmar - Results of Myanmar-Japanese joint expeditions, 2000-2004. Makinoa 5: 1-102.

Wilkin, P. & Thapyai, C. (2009). Flora of Thailand 10(1): 1-140. The Forest Herbarium, National Park, Wildlife and Plant Conservation Department, Bangkok.

VERNACULAR NAME

Aceh: Janèng
Ambon: Ondo
Bali: Gadung
Bima: Gadu
Bugis: Salapa
Burmese: ကျွဲ
Chinese (simplified): 大苦薯 - 白薯莨
Chinese (traditional): 白薯榔 - 大苦薯 - 白薯莨
English: Gadung, Three-leaved Yam, Asiatic bitter yam, Intoxicating yam, Indian three-leaved yam
Filipino: Gayos, Nami, Karot
Gorontalo: Bitule
Hindi: Baichandi, Karu kandu
Indonesian: Gadung, Uwi
Japanese: ミツバドコロ
Java: Gadung, Uwi
Madura: Ghâddhung
Makassar: Sikapa
Malayalam: Bolkande, Podava-kixhangu, Podukkilangu, Venni, Podava Kelengu
Malaysia: Gadog, Gadongan, Ubi arak, Gadong mabok
Marathi: Baichandi, Bhul Kand, Dukar Kand, Vaskand
Minangkabau: Janiang
Mizo: Liliam, Niliam
Nepali: Bhaarlaang, Gittho
Oria: Bainya alu
Sanskrit: Hastyaluka
Sasak: Kapak
Slovak: Dioskorea srstnatá
Sumba: Iwi
Sunda: Gadung
Tagalog: Nami
Tamil: Kavalakodi, Pei Perendai, Periperendai
Telugu: Chanda gadda, Puli dumpa, Tellaagini geddalu, Thella chanda gadda, Thella gadda, Tella gini gadda
Thai: กลอย

Aryo Bandoro
Dlium TheDlium
YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@Dlium
Labels:

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) manufacture bubble-nets as tools to increase prey intake

NEWS - Humpback whales ( Megaptera novaeangliae ) create bubble net tools while foraging, consisting of internal tangential rings, and actively control the number of rings, their size, depth and horizontal spacing between the surrounding bubbles. These structural elements of the net increase prey intake sevenfold. Researchers have known that humpback whales create “bubble nets” for hunting, but the new report shows that the animals also manipulate them in a variety of ways to maximize catches. The behavior places humpbacks among the rare animals that make and use their own tools. “Many animals use tools to help them find food, but very few actually make or modify these tools themselves,” said Lars Bejder, director of the Marine Mammal Research Program (MMRP), University of Hawaii at Manoa. “Humpback whales in southeast Alaska create elaborate bubble nets to catch krill. They skillfully blow bubbles in patterns that form a web with internal rings. They actively control details such ...
Post a Comment
Read more

Javan mocca or Javan slender caesar (Amanita javanica)

OPINION - Javan mocca or Javan slender caesar ( Amanita javanica ) is a mysterious fungus species and has been enigmatic since it was first reported by Boedijn in 1951 and after that no explanation or reporting of specimens is believed to be the same as expected. Boedijn (1951) described A. javanica which grew on Java island as having the characteristics covered in the Amanita genus. Corner and Bas in 1962 tried to describe Javan mocca and all species in Amanita based on specimens in Singapore. Over time some reports say that they have found A. javanica specimens in other Southeast Asia including also China, Japan, India and Nepal. But there is no definitive knowledge and many doubt whether the specimen is the same as described by Boedijn (1951). I was fortunate to have seen this species one afternoon and soon I took out a camera for some shots. In fact, I've only met this mushroom species once. Javan mocca is an endangered species and I have never seen in my experience in...
Post a Comment
Read more

Awar awar (Ficus septica)

Awar-awar or lagnob or hauli tree or barabar or sirih popar or tobo tobo ( Ficus septica ) is species of plants in Moraceae, trees grow in bushes or in neglected places and sap contained in roots, twigs, leaves and fruit is used to treat poisoning and digestive problems. F. septica is usually 1-5 m high, although in the forest it can be up to 25 m. Round, hollow and bare branches. Roots, twigs, leaves and fruit will emit a yellow sap and sticky if injured. The base of the leaves is large and spiky, arranged alternately or face to face with a stem length of 2.5-5 cm. Large leaf blade, round egg, 9-30x9-16 cm, rounded base and blunt narrow tip, flat-edged, upper side dark green with 6-12 secondary bones pale white. Fruit paired, single or clustered up to 4 items, short-stemmed, at the base has 3 protective leaves, light green or gray green and 1.5 cm in diameter. F. septica is food for 22 animal species including wasps, bats, birds, monkeys and mice as well as seed dispersing vecto...
Post a Comment
Read more