Candle bush (Senna alata)

Ketepeng cina or emperor's candlesticks or candlebush or Cassia alata (Senna alata) are erect shrubs, important medicinal trees and ornamental flowering plants in Caesalpinioideae. This extraordinary plant grows to an altitude of 1,200 meters and can be found in various habitats, but is generally fertile on wet soil.

S. alata is a shrub that stands 3-4 meters tall with a leaf length of 50-80 cm. The stem has brown skin, young stems are dark green, the leaves are dark green and inflorescence looks like a yellow candle container. This species grows easily from seeds distributed by water or animals.

The fruit is straight, up to 25 cm long and dark green. Pods containing 50-60 seeds, almost straight, dark brown or almost black, about 15 centimeters long and 15 millimeters wide. On both sides of the pod are wings that stretch along the path.

Ketepeng cina is often called ringworm because it is very effective in expelling worms and treating fungal infections of the skin. The leaves are pounded and mixed with a number of vegetable oils to rub on the site for two or three times a day. Active ingredients include yellow chrysophanic acid and anthraquinone.

Kingdom: Plantae
Phylum: Tracheophyta
Subphylum: Angiospermae
Class: Magnoliopsida
Order: Fabales
Family: Fabaceae
Subfamily: Caesalpinioideae
Tribe: Cassieae
Subtribe: Cassiinae
Genus: Senna
Species: Senna alata

Humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) manufacture bubble-nets as tools to increase prey intake

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Bellyache bush (Jatropha gossypiifolia)

Bellyache bush ( Jatropha gossypiifolia ) is a species of plant in the Euphorbiaceae. It is a shrub, growing 2.5–4 meters tall. The leaves are three-lobed, up to 13 cm long and 13 cm wide, sticky, with spiny margins, purple when young and green as they mature. The petioles are up to 9 cm long, dark red to brown, and have yellow spikes. The flowers are small, fan-shaped, dark red with yellow centers. The fruit is ovoid; young fruits are green. Older fruits are brown, dry, and burst to release the seeds. Taxon: Kingdom: Plantae Phylum: Tracheophyta Subphylum: Angiospermae Class: Magnoliopsida Order: Malpighiales Family: Euphorbiaceae Subfamily: Crotonoideae Tribe: Jatropheae Genus: Jatropha Species: Jatropha gossypiifolia Variety: Jatropha gossypiifolia var. elegans, Jatropha gossypiifolia var. gossypiifolia Publications: Akoègninou, A., van der Burg, W.J. & van der Maesen, L.J.G. (eds.) (2006). Flore Analytique du Bénin: 1-1034. Backhuys Publishers. Balakrishnan, N.P. & Cha...

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