P. pruatjan grows flat on the ground but does not propagate, small leaves are reddish green for 1-3 cm in diameter. This plant is only found in Java and grows in high mountain areas. A low population where industrial demand is very high results in increasingly scarce.
Another place that is likely to become a purwaceng habitat is the Iyang Mountains and the Tengger Mountains in East Java Province. Efforts to multiply and cultivate have a big problem where these plants have difficulty producing seeds. In vitro propagation research through tissue cultivation has been carried out to overcome this problem.
Use
The aphrodisiac efficacy of purwaceng has been noted by courtiers in ancient Java, but scientific studies have begun in the present that the real effects of plant administration will increase sexual ability. Purwaceng is also often dubbed the "traditional Viagra" or "Viagra Indonesia".
All parts of the plant are used as traditional medicine, but the most important part is the roots that resemble carrots, white and 10 cm long. Generally aprosidiac plants contain derivative compounds including saponins, alkaloids, tannins, and other compounds that are efficacious as a stamina booster and improve blood circulation.
Purwaceng has a spicy taste produced by the roots and seeds. Steeping is usually taken regularly for 7-15 days where the plant is also efficacious to warm, nerves and muscles, eliminate colds and achy pains, facilitate urination, analgesic drugs, reduce heat, expel worms, antibacterial and anti-cancer.
Research
Research conducted by a number of researchers was published in the Germplasm Bulletin Vol. 12 No.1 of 2006 stating that P. pruatjan contains compounds that increase vitality. Sidik et al (1975) reported that purwaceng roots had bergapten, isobergapten and sphondin as furanokumarin groups.
Caropeboka and Lubis (1975) stated that purwaceng root contains coumarins, saponins, sterols, alkaloids and several oligosaccharide compounds. Hernani and Rostiana (2004) in their research stated that the chemical compounds identified qualitatively were bergapten, marmesin, kumarin hydroxy and others.
Caropeboka (1980) reported injections of root extract in neutered male rats had an increase in the prostate gland and seminal glands. Taufiqqurachman (1999) reported that 50 mg of root extract could increase levels of luteinising hormone (LH) and testosterone in Sprague Dawley mice.
Juniarto (2004) also provided purwaceng root extract in Sprague Dawley mice resulting in increased spermartogenesis in the testes, number and motility of spermatozoa.
Cultivation
Thick and cold fog is a characteristic of the Dieng plateau and purwaceng is not widely cultivated massively like potatoes, because these plants are only harvested once a year. Unlike potatoes that harvest three times a year.
P. pruatjan is able to live at an altitude of 1,800-3,300 above sea level, but it is best to have an altitude of 2,000-3,000 masl, the temperature is around 15-20 C, humidity is 60-70% and soil pH is 5,7 to 6.
Harvesting is calculated based on the overall weight of the plant including roots, stems and leaves where all parts will be processed. Good harvest is a year old plant that produces 1 kg of weight consisting of 6-8 trees, but many also 1 kg consists of 30 trees.
P. priatjan as an endemic plant, but only as a side plant, although almost every citizen in Dieng grows between potatoes. They also plant in small quantities of pots or yards and are usually used for their own consumption.
Drip irrigation techniques in the greenhouse produce weight up to 500 grams at the age of 70 days, while outside the greenhouse is only 100 grams. Purwaceng biomass in the greenhouse is far more and heavier because the management of nutrition is more measurable. This is also to avoid the use of pesticides.
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Apiales
Family: Apiaceae
Genus: Pimpinella
Species: P. pruatjan
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