Giant golden spider (Nephila pilipes)

Kemlanding or giant golden spider or giant golden orbweaver (Nephila pilipes) is a species of web-making spiders, living in forests and gardens, carnivores, rectangular, black and yellow, living in clay, limestone and karst hills at an altitude of about 100-400 meters above sea level.

Females growing up to 5 cm (overall 20 cm) while males only 0.5 cm and red only. Sexual dimorphism of giant golden spider has two main hypotheses, female gigantism and male dwarfism. Males will remove palp after being used to mate and this sexual organ to clog the female reproductive tract.

N. pilipes builds fine, asymmetrical and elongated nets for up to 2 meters wide at 1-2 meters above the ground. The net is built between pineapple (Ananas comosus), sonokeling (Dalbergia latifolia), teak (Tectona grandis), pine (Pinus merkusii), earleaf acacia (Acacia auriculiformis) and various shrubs.

Giant golden orbweaver usually explores trees, between grasses and rocky wall surfaces to chase and jump to pounce on prey and will be wrapped in a twist of silk thread to eat later.

These spiders produce poisons that are neurotoxic and necrotoxin but not harmful to humans. The results of the study said that this poison could be used as an alternative insecticide and pesticide that is environmentally friendly which is effective for controlling mosquito larvae.

Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Chelicerata
Class: Arachnida
Order: Araneae
Infraorder: Araneomorphae
Family: Araneidae
Genus: Nephila
Species: N. pilipes
Subspecies: N. p. annulipes, N. p. flavornata, N. p. hasselti, N. p. jalorensis, N. p. lauterbachi, N. p. malagassa, N. p. novaeguineae, N. p. piscatorum, N. p. walckenaeri

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