China rose (Rosa chinensis)

Mawar or Bengal rose or China rose (Rosa chinensis) is a plant species in Rosaceae, shrubs up to 1-2 m tall, growing on fences or forming bushes. Leaf pinnate, 3-5 leaflets, each 2.5-6 cm long and 1-3 cm wide. The plant has three varieties is R. chinensis var. chinensis, R. chinensis var. spontanea and R. chinensis var. semperflorens.

R. chinensis has pink, red and white petals. Solitary flowers, usually four or five bundles together and have a mild aroma. Hermaphrodite flowers have radial symmetry for diameters of 4-5 cm.

Strong branches, sturdy thorns decorate each path, young stems have dark green tree bark and woody old stems have purplish brown color. The leaves are arranged alternately from the petiole and downy. Leaf pinnate, ovoid with rounded base, tapered tip and sharp saw edge. The top leaves are dark green and shiny.

Various forms of mawar have been cultivated in the garden for a long time, many varieties of garden roses and hibidation as tea roses and so on hybrid tea roses. Cultivars have become important in breeding many modern garden by giving them the characteristic of repeated blooms.

The most well-known hybrid tea varieties are Coctail, Diplomat, Idole, Jacaranda, Laminuette, Osiana, Pareo, Samorai, Sonate de Meilland, Sonia, Sweet Sonia, Tineke, Vivaldi, White Success and Yonina. Some varieties for cut flowers in the tropics are Cemelot, Frad Winds, Mr. Lincoln, and Golden Lustee. As for the garden plants are Folk Song, Khatherina Zeimet, Woborn Abbey and Cimacan Salem.

Various forms of China rose are also managed in many other ways. Young vegetative plant parts, flower buds and flowers brewed or eaten as a kitchen concoction as a soup. The thin fleshy layer surrounding the seeds is eaten raw or cooked. Seeds are a great source of vitamin E after being ground and mixed with flour or added to other foods. Oil extraction as perfume and medicine ingredients.

The wind does not affect the growth of roses, good rainfall is 1500-3000 mm/year, morning sun for 5-6 hours per day where flowers will grow faster and have strong trunks. Bengal rose has a very broad adaptability to the environment, grows in sub-tropical and tropical regions, temperatures 18-26C and humidity 70-80%.

Cultivation is done directly on the soil permanently in the garden or in pots. R. chinensis is suitable for sandy, fertile, loose soil, lots of organic matter, aeration, good drainage and soil PH 5.5-7.0. Porous soil is needed by the roots.

Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Rosales
Family: Rosaceae
Genus: Rosa
Species: R. chinensis

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