Tamarillo (Solanum betaceum)

Terong belanda or tree tomato or tamarillo (Solanum betaceum) is a plant species in Solanaceae, has a smell like a polar ox and the length of the petiole is about 7-10 cm. Plants having two varieties are red and yellow fruits which farmers prefer to plant the red ones.

S. betaceum has flowers in a small series on the armpits of the leaves near the tips of the branches, pink to light blue, fragrant, about 1 cm in diameter, five in number, and in the shape of a leaf clapper.

Five-pointed flowers, five stamens in front of the petal leaves, anthers hidden in conifers as opposed to pistils, fruit buds have two spaces with many prospective seeds and small pistil heads.

Egg-shaped fruit, 3-10x3-5 cm, both ends tapered, hanging, long-stemmed and the leaves of the petals do not fall out. Fruit skin is thin, smooth, reddish violet, orange red to yellowish. The juice is rather acidic, blackish to yellowish. Flat round seeds, thin and hard.

Tamarillo grows well in the mountains and plateaus at an altitude of 1000 m above sea level in the tropics, but is also found in the range of 450-1700 m. Plants want soil that is rich in nutrients, good drainage, moist and cold soil.

Components in every 100g are water 81-87g, proteins 1.5-2.5g, fat 0.05-1.28g, fiber 1.4-6.0g, total acidity 1.0-2.4g, vitamin A 0.32-1.48mg, vitamin C 19.7-57.8mg, calcium 3.9-11.3mg, magnesium 19.7-22.3mg and iron 0.4-0.94mg.

Anthocyanins are included in the flavonoid class as one of the antioxidants, while high fiber to prevent cancer and constipation. The fruit is eaten as fresh fruit, spices, vegetables and drinks. Fruit is also processed including boiled, made pickled and so forth.

Tree tomato are planted through seeds, cuttings and sprout shoots. Seeds will give fruit in 2 years and die in 5-6 years. The transplanting in Cyphomandra costaricensis will last longer.

Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Solanales
Family: Solanaceae
Genus: Solanum
Species: S. betaceum

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