Barbados lily (Hippeastrum puniceum)

Barbados lily (Hippeastrum puniceum) is a species of perennial flowering plant in Amaryllidaceae, grows in the tropics, has 4-6 leaves, bright green, 30-60 cm long and 2.5-4 cm wide, white waxed, tubular and shrink at the ends.

H. puniceum has flowers that grow in the umbel at the end of the stalk which has a height of 40-60 cm and stands tall with a pointed tip at the top. The umbel has lanceolate green bracts at its base. Each stalk has one or two ovaries.





Orange-red petal with yellow or pale base. The two lower tepals are much narrower than lateral. About five white stamens emerge from the end of the tube in the middle of the crown.

A single flower will bloom to face north or south with a curved base where the horizontal flower faces are parallel to the ground, while the stems that have two flowers will bloom to face north and others to the south.

This species grow in forests, yard, roadside and neglected lands. This plant likes sandy, gravel and rocky soil on dry slopes and lots of sun. This plant is drought resistant for more than six months in a row.

TAXON

Kingdom: Plantae
Phylum: Tracheophyta
Subphylum: Angiospermae
Class: Liliopsida
Order: Asparagales
Family: Amaryllidaceae
Subfamily: Amaryllidoideae
Tribe: Hippeastreae
Subtribe: Hippeastrinae
Genus: Hippeastrum Herb. in Appendix: 31 (1821), nom. cons.
Species: Hippeastrum puniceum (Lam.) Voss in Vilm. Blumengärtn., ed. 3. 1: 1033 (1895)
Subspecies: Hippeastrum puniceum subsp. puniceum, Hippeastrum puniceum subsp. quentinianum (Traub & Whitaker) R.Lara & R.Vásquez

HOMOTYPIC SYNONYMS

Amaryllis equestris Aiton in Hortus Kew. 1: 417 (1789)
Amaryllis equestris var. flore-simplici Loisel. in Herb. Gén. Amat. 2: t. 78 (1817)
Amaryllis punicea Lam. in Encycl. 1: 122 (1783)
Aschamia equestris (Aiton) Salisb. in Gen. Pl.: 134 (1866)
Hippeastrum equestre (Aiton) Herb. in Appendix: 31 (1821)
Hippeastrum purpureum Kuntze in Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 703 (1891)

PUBLICATIONS

Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & Strong, M.T. (2005). Monocotyledons and Gymnosperms of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands. Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 52: 1-415.

Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & Strong, M.T. (2012). Catalogue of seed plants of the West Indies. Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 98: 1-1192.

Adams, C.D. (1972). Flowering Plants of Jamaica: 1-848. University of the West Indies, Mona.

Alves-Araújo, A., Dutilh, J.H.A. & Alves, M. (2009). Amaryllidaceae s.s., Alliaceae s.s. no Nordeste Brasileiro. Rodriguésia; Revista do Instituto de Biologia Vegetal, Jardim Botânico e Estaçao Biologica do Itatiaya 60: 311-331.

Baksh-Comeau, Y., Maharaj, S.S., Adams, C.D., Harris, S.A., Filer, D.L. & Hawthorne, W.D. (2016). An annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Trinidad and Tobago with analysis of vegetation types and botanical 'hotspots'. Phytotaxa 250: 1-431.

Balick, M.J., Nee, M.H. & Atha, D.E. (2000). Checklist of the Vascular Plants of Belize with Common Names an Uses: 1-246. New York Botanic Garden Press, New York.

Berry, P.E., Yatskievych, K. & Holst, B.K. (eds.) in Steyermark, J., Berry, P.E., Holts, B.K. (eds). (2001). Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana 6: 1-803. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis.

Boggan, J. Funck, V. & Kelloff, C. (1997). Checklist of the Plants of the Guianas (Guyana, Surinam, Franch Guiana) ed. 2: 1-238. University of Guyana, Georgetown.

Bosser, J. & al. (eds.) (1978). Flore des Mascareignes 177-188 IRD Éditions, MSIRI, RBG-Kew, Paris.

Correll, D.S. & Correll, H.B. (1982). Flora of the Bahama Archipelago: 1-1692. J.Cramer, Vaduz.

Dassanayake (ed.) (2000). A Revised Handbook to the Flora of Ceylon 14: 1-307. Oxford & IBH Publishing Co. PVT. LTD., New Delhi, Calcutta.

Dubs, B. (1998). Prodromus Florae Matogrossensis: 1-444. Betrona Verlag, Küsnacht.

Espejo Serena, A. & López-Ferrari, A.R. (1993). Las Monocotiledóneas Mexicanas una Sinopsis Florística 1(1): 1-76. Consejo Nacional de la Flora de México, México D.F.

Figueiredo, E., Paiva, J., Stévart, T., Oliveira, F. & Smith, G.F. (2011). Annotated catalogue of the flowering plants of São Tomé and Príncipe. Bothalia 41: 41-82.

Flora of North America Editorial Committee (2002). Flora of North America North of Mexico 26: 1-723. Oxford University Press, New York, Oxford.

Fosberg, F.R., Sachet, M.-H., Oliver, R. (1987). A Geographical Checklist of the Micronesian Monocotyledonae. Micronesica; Journal of the College of Guam 20: 19-129.

Fournet, J. (2002). Flore illustrée des phanérogames de Guadeloupe et de Martinique 2: 1325-2538. Gondwana editions.

Hancock, I.R. & Henderson, C.P. (1988). Flora of the Solomon Islands. Research Bulletin Dodo Creek Research Station 7: 1-203.

Hokche, O., Berry, P.E. & Huber, O. (eds.) (2008). Nuevo Catálogo de la Flora Vascular de Venezuela: 1-859. Fundación Instituto Botánico de Venezuela.

Jørgensen, P.M. & León-Yánes, S. (eds.) (1999). Catalogue of the Vascular Plants of Ecuador: 1-1181. Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis.

Liogier, H.A. & Martorell, L.F. (2000). Flora of Puerto Rico and Adjacent Islands: a Systematic Synopsis ed. 2: 1-382. Editorial de la Universidad de Puerto Rico, San Juan.

MacKee, H.S. (1994). Catalogue des plantes introduites et cultivées en Nouvelle-Calédonie, ed. 2: 1-164. Museum national d'histoire naturelle, Paris.

Moscoso, R.H. (1943). Catalogus Florae Domingensis: 1-732. New York.

Nelson Sutherland, C.H. (2008). Catálogo de las plantes vasculares de Honduras. Espermatofitas: 1-1576. SERNA/Guaymuras, Tegucigalpa, Honduras.

Orchard, A.E. (ed.) (1994). Oceanic Islands 1. Flora of Australia 49: 1-681. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra.

Proctor, G.R. (1984). Flora of the Cayman Islands: 1-834. Her Majesty's Stationery Office, London.

Robertson, S.A. (1989). Flowering Plants of Seychelles: 1-327. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Sheppard, C.R.C. & Seaward, M.R.D. (eds.) (1999). Ecology of the Chagos archipelago: 1-350. Westbury Academic & Scientific Publishing, Otley.

Stevens, W.D. & al. (eds.) (2001). Flora de Nicaragua 2: 945-1910. Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis.

Sykes, W.R. (2016). Flora of the Cook Islands: 1-973. National Tropical Botanical Garden, Hawaii.

Timberlake, J.R. & Martins, E.S. (eds.) (2008). Flora Zambesiaca 13(1): 1-140. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Velayos, M. & al. (eds.) (2018). Flora de Guinea Ecuatorial 10: 1-491. Consejo superior de investigaciones científicas, Real jardín botánico, Madrid.

Wagner, W.L., Herbst, D.R. & Sohmer, S.H. (1999). Manual of the Flowering Plants of Hawai'i. Revised Edition, Volume 2. Special Publications; Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum 97: 989-1919.

Walderley, M.G.L., Shepherd, G.J., Melhem, T.S. & Giulietti, A.M. (eds.) (2005). Flora Fanerogâmica do Estado de São Paulo 4: 1-392. Instituto de Botânica, São Paulo.

Williams, R.O. (1983). Flora of Trinidad and Tobago 3(3): 201-277. Government Printing Office, Port-of-Spain.

VERNACULAR NAME

Chinese (simplified): 橙飞燕朱顶红 - 石榴朱顶红
Chinese (traditional): 孤挺花
English: Barbados Lily
Finnish: Ratsuritarinkukka
Indonesia: Bunga torong, Amaryllis merah
Japanese: キンサンジコ
Java: Kembang torong
Kannada: Punnaga Hoovu, Gramaphone Hoovu
Portuguese: Açucena
Spanish: Azucena roja
Thai: ว่านสีทิศ
Vietnam: Phễu đỏ

Aryo Bandoro
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