Awar-awar or lagnob or hauli tree or barabar or sirih popar or tobo tobo (Ficus septica) is species of plants in Moraceae, trees grow in bushes or in neglected places and sap contained in roots, twigs, leaves and fruit is used to treat poisoning and digestive problems.
F. septica is usually 1-5 m high, although in the forest it can be up to 25 m. Round, hollow and bare branches. Roots, twigs, leaves and fruit will emit a yellow sap and sticky if injured.
The base of the leaves is large and spiky, arranged alternately or face to face with a stem length of 2.5-5 cm. Large leaf blade, round egg, 9-30x9-16 cm, rounded base and blunt narrow tip, flat-edged, upper side dark green with 6-12 secondary bones pale white.
Fruit paired, single or clustered up to 4 items, short-stemmed, at the base has 3 protective leaves, light green or gray green and 1.5 cm in diameter. F. septica is food for 22 animal species including wasps, bats, birds, monkeys and mice as well as seed dispersing vectors.
The sap is used as an anti-poison, overcoming herpes and various skin diseases. The leaves are used to treat rheumatism, fever, stimulate sudorifika to relieve headaches and opiate mixtures. The root is used as a poultice for burns and stew is used to treat dysentery or diarrhea and as a diuretic.
TAXON
Kingdom: Plantae
Phylum: Tracheophyta
Subphylum: Angiospermae
Class: Magnoliopsida
Order: Rosales
Family: Moraceae
Tribe: Ficeae
Genus: Ficus Tourn. ex L. in Sp. Pl.: 1059 (1753)
Species: Ficus septica Burm.f. in Fl. Indica: 226 (1768)
HETEROTYPIC SYNONYMS
Covellia leucantatoma (Poir.) Miq. in Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 3: 303 (1867)
Covellia leucopleura (Blume) Miq. in Fl. Ned. Ind. 1(2): 326 (1859)
Covellia radiata (Decne.) Miq. (1859)
Covellia rapiformis (Roxb.) Miq. in London J. Bot. 7: 464 (1848)
Covellia stictocarpa Miq. in Pl. Jungh.: 65 (1851)
Covellia venosa Miq. (1848)
Cystogyne leucosticta (Spreng.) Gasp. in Ric. Caprifico: 84 (1845)
Ficus brunnea Merr. in Philipp. J. Sci. 18: 56 (1921)
Ficus casearia F.Muell. ex Benth. in Fl. Austral. 6: 177 (1873)
Ficus didymophylla Warb. in J.R.Perkins & al., Fragm. Fl. Philipp.: 200 (1905)
Ficus eburnea W.Bull in Nursery Cat. (William Bull) 44: 5 (1869)
Ficus geminifolia Miq. in H.Zollinger, Syst. Verz. Ind. Archip. 2: 93 (1854)
Ficus hauilii Blanco in Fl. Filip.: 684 (1837)
Ficus kaukauensis Hayata in Icon. Pl. Formosan. 7: 35 (1918)
Ficus laccifera Blanco (1837)
Ficus laxiramea Elmer in Leafl. Philipp. Bot. 4: 1257 (1911)
Ficus leucantatoma Poir. in Encycl., Suppl. 2: 654 (1812)
Ficus leucopleura Blume in Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind.: 443 (1825)
Ficus leucosticta Spreng. in Syst. Veg., ed. 16. 3: 779 (1826)
Ficus leucotoma Roem. & Schult. in Syst. Veg., ed. 15[bis]. 1: 501 (1817)
Ficus linearis Merr. (1921), non Saporta (1861)
Ficus oldhamii Hance in Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 5, 5: 242 (1866)
Ficus paludosa Perr. in Mém. Soc. Linn. Paris 3: 117 (1825)
Ficus philippense Hérincq in Hort. Franç. 1869: 44 (1869)
Ficus radiata Decne. in Nouv. Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. 3: 494 (1834)
Ficus rapiformis Roxb. in Fl. Ind., ed. 1832. 3: 551 (1832)
Ficus septica var. cauliflora Corner in Gard. Bull. Singapore 18: 61 (1960)
Ficus septica var. salicifolia Corner (1960)
Ficus stictocarpa (Miq.) Miq. (1867)
Ficus venosa Willd. in Hort. Berol. Icon. 2: 36 (1816)
Ficus verrucosa Vahl in Enum. Pl. Obs. 2: 192 (1805)
PUBLICATIONS
George, A.S. (ed.) (1989). Flora of Australia 3: 1-219. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra.
Govaerts, R. (2001). World Checklist of Seed Plants Database in ACCESS Genera starting with letter E-F: 1-50919.
Iwatsuki, K., Boufford, D.E. & Ohba, H. (eds.) (2006). Flora of Japan IIa: 1-550. Kodansha Ltd., Tokyo.
Plunkett, G.M., Ranker, T.A., Sam, C. & Balick, M.J. (2022). Towards a checklist of the vascular flora of Vanuatu. Candollea 77: 105-118.
Wiriadinata, H., Girmansyah, D., Hunter, J.M., Hoover, W.S. & Kartawinata, K. (2013). Floristic study of West Sumbawa, Indonesia. Reinwardtia 13: 391-404.
Wu, Z. & Raven, P.H. (eds.) (2003). Flora of China 5: 1-505. Science Press (Beijing) & Missouri Botanical Garden Press (St. Louis).
VERNACULAR NAME
Ambon: Sirih popar
Australia: Septic fig
Bali: Awar-awar
Bugis: Daussalo
English Awar-awar, Hauili fig tree, Septic fig, Angular fruit fig
Filipino: Hawali, hauili, kauili, sio
Galela: Bobulutu
Halmahera Utara: Bobulutu
Indonesian: Awar-Awar
Japanese: オオバイヌビワ
Java: Awar-awar
Madura: Barabar
Makassar: Tobotobo
Minahasa: Beo, Tagalolo, Loloyan
Sunda: Kiciyat
Tagalog: Hawili
Ternate: Tagalolo
Aryo Bandoro
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