Common guava (Psidium guajava) is a plant species in Myrtaceae, a small tree with upright stems and sympodial branches, 2-10 m tall, many branches, smooth bark, greenish brown, flowering throughout the year, growing in the tropics at altitudes up to 1200 m and very adaptive.
P. guajava has young rectangular-shaped stems and old hard woody stems. The surface of the trunk is slippery with a thin layer of skin and is easily peeled off. When the bark is exfoliated, the inside of the stem is green.
The leaves have a single structure and give off a distinctive aroma when squeezed, sitting cross-linked with the position facing and bones pinned. The shape of the leaf varies influenced by genetics and environment including oval, taper and inverted egg rounds.
Flowers have greenish white pistils with lobed head shapes. Polyandrous stamens, 0.5-1.2 cm long and white with a cream-colored head. Each flower has 180-600 stamens which the greater the diameter of the flower the more the number of stamens.
Single fruit is very dense and heavy, edible, thin skin and smooth to rough surface. Fruits have many variations for shape, size, color and taste, depending on the variety. Small and hard seeds grow in the middle of the fruit.
TAXON
Kingdom: Plantae
Phylum: Tracheophyta
Subphylum: Angiospermae
Class: Magnoliopsida
Order: Myrtales
Family: Myrtaceae
Subfamily: Myrtoideae
Tribe: Myrteae
Subtribe: Pimentinae
Genus: Psidium L. in Sp. Pl.: 470 (1753)
Species: Psidium guajava L. in Sp. Pl.: 470 (1753)
HOMOTYPIC SYNONYMS
Guajava pyrifera Kuntze in Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 239 (1891)
Myrtus guajava (L.) Kuntze in Revis. Gen. Pl. 3(2): 91 (1898)
Myrtus guajava var. pyrifera Kuntze (1898)
Psidium guajava var. pyriferum Blume in Mus. Bot. 1: 71 (1821)
Psidium pyriferum L. in Sp. Pl., ed. 2.: 672 (1762)
HETEROTYPIC SYNONYMS
Guajava pumila (Vahl) Kuntze (1891)
Psidium angustifolium Lam. in Encycl. 3: 16 (1789)
Psidium aromaticum Blanco in Fl. Filip.: 417 (1837)
Psidium chodatianum Barb.Rodr. in Bull. Herb. Boissier, sér. 2, 7: 797 (1907)
Psidium crispum Barb.Rodr. (1907)
Psidium cujavillus Burm.f. in Fl. Indica: 114 (1768)
Psidium cujavus L. in Herb. Amb.: 7 (1754)
Psidium ellipticum Barb.Rodr. (1907)
Psidium fragrans Macfad. in Fl. Jamaica 2: 108 (1850)
Psidium globosum Larrañaga in Escritos D. A. Larrañaga 2: 168 (1923)
Psidium guajava f. cujavillus (Burm.f.) O.Deg. & I.Deg. in Fl. Hawaiiensis 273: [s.p.] (1959)
Psidium guajava var. cujavillus (Burm.f.) Krug & Urb. in Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 19: 566 (1894)
Psidium guajava var. minor Blume (1821)
Psidium guajava var. minor Mattos in Loefgrenia 70: 5 (1976)
Psidium igatemyense Barb.Rodr. in Myrt. Paraguay: 10 (1903)
Psidium intermedium Zipp. ex Blume (1850)
Psidium longifolium Schumach. in Beskr. Guin. Pl.: 229 (1827)
Psidium pomiferum L. (1762)
Psidium pomiferum var. sapidissimum (Jacq.) DC. in Prodr. 3: 234 (1828)
Psidium prostratum O.Berg in Linnaea 27: 364 (1856)
Psidium pumilum Vahl in Symb. Bot. 2: 56 (1791)
Psidium pumilum var. guadalupense DC. (1828)
Psidium pumilum var. intermedium Blume (1821)
Psidium pumilum var. rufescens Blume (1821)
Psidium pyriferum var. glabrum Benth. in J. Bot. (Hooker) 2: 318 (1840)
Psidium sapidissimum Jacq. in Pl. Hort. Schoenbr. 3: 62 (1798)
Psidium subcrenatum Barb.Rodr. (1907)
Psidium vulgare Rich. in Actes Soc. Hist. Nat. Paris 1: 110 (1792)
Syzygium ellipticum K.Schum. & Lauterb. in Fl. Schutzgeb. Südsee: 476 (1900)
PUBLICATIONS
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VERNACULAR NAME
Aceh: Glima breueh
Afrikaans: Koejawel, Wilde koejawel
Ambon: Lutu hatu
Angami: Maduram
Assamese: Madhuri aam
Bantoanon: Badabas
Bengali: পেয়ারা Peyara
Brunei: Jambu batu, Biyabas
Bunun: Lapat
Burmese: မာလာကာပန် Malakapen
Chamorro: Abas
Chinese (simplified): 番石榴 - 鸡屎果 - 芭乐
Chinese (traditional): 番石榴 - 芭樂
Czech: Kvajava hrušková
Danish: Almindelig guava
Dutch: Guave
Ende: Guawa
English: Tropical Guava, Yellow Guava, Common guava, Apple Guava
Filipino: Bayabas, Guava, Guyabas
Finnish: Hedelmäguava
French: Goyavier
German: Echte Guave, Goiaba, Guayaba, Guayave
Gorontali: Darnbu
Guangdong: 番石榴
Gujarati: Jaamkal, Jamrukh
Hebrew: גויאבה מצויה
Hindi: अमरोड़ - रुनी - सुरक्षित सफारी - लाल सफ़ारी Amrood, Runi, Safed safri, Lal safri
Hong Kong: 番石榴
Indonesian: Jambu biji, Jambu batu, Jambu siki
Italian: Guava, Guaiava
Japanese: バンジロウ - グァバ
Java: Jambu Klutuk, Jambu kluthuk
Kannada: Perale, Seebe, Seebi, Seebe Gida, Perale, Chepekaayi
Khmer: ត្រពាំងស្រុក Trapaek sruk
Konkani: Pairr
Lao: Si da
Macao: 番石榴
Malayalam: Adakkapazham, Koyya, Malakkapera, Pela, Pera, Perakka
Malaysia: Jambu biji, Jambu batu, Jambu kampuchia, Jambu berase
Manipuri: Pungton
Marathi: Peru
Melayu: Jambu biji
Myanmar: မာလာကာပန်
Nepali: अम्बा - बिही Amba, Bihi
Oria: Pijuli
Palauan: Kuabang
Persian: بیهی - امرود
Polish: Gujawa pospolita, Gruszla właściwa
Portuguese: Goiabeira, Araçá-goiaba, Araçá-guaçu, Araçá-guaiaba, Goiaba, Goiaba-branca, Goiaba-pera, Goiaba-vermelha, Goiabeira-branca, Guaiaba, Guaiava
Russian: Псидиум гуайява
Sanskrit: Amarutha, Perukah
Slovak: Guajava jablková
Spanish: Guayaba, Guayaba dulce, Guayabo
Tagalog: Bayabas
Taiwan: 番石榴
Tamil: கொய்யா - கொய்யா - சிவப்பு கொய்யா Koyya, Koiya, Segappu koyyaa
Tangkhul: Pungdonrong
Telugu: Goyyapandu, Jama chettu
Thai: ฝรั่ง - มะกรูด - มะ-มาน
Turkish: Guava
Urdu: امرود Amrood
Vietnam: Oi
Zulu: Ugwava
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