Skip to main content

Fern tree (Filicium decipiens)

Dlium Fern tree (Filicium decipiens)

Kerai payung or fern tree (Filicium decipiens) is a plant species in Sapindaceae, a tree that is always green with thick and round canopies such as umbrellas, 5-10 m high but old specimens in nature can exceed 25 m, upright stems, gray bark ash to reddish brown, smooth when young but rough and cracked when mature.

F. decipiens has large, fern-like and conspicuous leaves, up to 40 cm long and made of elongated longitudinal, glossy green leaflets arranged in pairs. Leaves on stems with a length of 3-10 cm, alternating, imparipinnat, 15-30 cm long and 12-15 cm wide.



Winged rachis with 6-12 pairs of opposite or sub-opposite leaflets, sessile, oblong-lanceolate with full margins and slightly wavy, 6-12 cm long and 1-3 cm wide, coriaceous, dark green and glossy above.

Flowers grow on stems with a length of 7 cm as panicles for lengths of 15-30 cm which carry many small, unisexual flowers and hermaphrodites with a diameter of 0.4-0.6 cm. Pentaparted petals with imbricate ovate lobes, five greenish white orbicular with pink shades, five stamina and bilocular ovaries.

The fruit is ovate, apiculate, 1 cm in diameter, reddish in color and tends to be dark blue when ripe and contains 1-2 seeds. Trees spread generatively in subtropical and tropical nature for annual temperatures of 13-34C, rainfall 800-4500 mm/year and dry season 7 months or less and altitude 0-1300 m.

TAXON

Kingdom: Plantae
Phylum: Tracheophyta
Subphylum: Angiospermae
Class: Magnoliopsida
Order: Sapindales
Family: Sapindaceae
Genus: Filicium Thwaites in Enum. Pl. Zeyl.: 408 (1864)
Species: Filicium decipiens (Wight & Arn.) Thwaites in Enum. Pl. Zeyl.: 408 (1864)

HOMOTYPIC SYNONYMS

Rhus decipiens Wight & Arn. in Prodr. Fl. Ind. Orient. 1: 172 (1834)
Jurighas decipiens (Wight & Arn.) Kuntze in Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 144 (1891)
Pteridophyllum decipiens (Wight & Arn.) Thwaites in Hooker's J. Bot. Kew Gard. Misc. 6: 66 (1854)

HETEROTYPIC SYNONYMS

Filicium decipiens f. apterum Capuron in Mém. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat., B, Bot. 29: 40 (1969)
Filicium elongatum Radlk. ex Taub. in H.G.A.Engler (ed.), Pflanzenw. Ost-Afrikas, C: 252 (1895)

PUBLICATIONS

Baksh-Comeau, Y., Maharaj, S.S., Adams, C.D., Harris, S.A., Filer, D.L. & Hawthorne, W.D. (2016). An annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Trinidad and Tobago with analysis of vegetation types and botanical 'hotspots'. Phytotaxa 250: 1-431.

Barthelat, F. (2019). La flore illustrée de Mayotte: 1-687. Biotope éditions.

Davies, F.G. & Verdcourt, B. (1998). Flora of Tropical East Africa, Dodonaea: 1-108.

Evenhuis, N.L. & Eldredge, L.G. (eds.) (2012). Records of the Hawaii biological survey for 2011. Part II: plants. Bishop Museum Occasional Papers 113: 1-102.

Exell, A.W., Fernandes, A. & Wild, H. (eds.) (1966). Flora Zambesiaca 2(2): 353-653. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Govaerts, R. (2001). World Checklist of Seed Plants Database in ACCESS Genera starting with letter E-F: 1-50919.

Hedberg, I. & Edwards, S. (eds.) (1989 publ. 1990). Flora of Ethiopia and Eritrea 3: 1-659. The National Herbarium, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia & The Department of Systematic Botany, Upps.

Mao, A.A. & Dash, S.S. (2020). Flowering Plants of India an Annotated Checklist (Dicotyledons) 1: 1-970. Botanical Survey of India.

Nielsen, I.C. & al. (1992-1994). Flora Malesiana 11: 1-768. Noordhoff-Kolff N.V., Djakarta. Pasha, M.K. & Uddin, S.B. (2013). Dictionary of plant names of Bangladesh, Vasc. Pl.: 1-434. Janokalyan Prokashani, Chittagong, Bangladesh.

Timberlake, J.R., Bayliss, J., Alves, T., Francisco, J., Harris, T., Nangoma, D. & de Sousa, C. (2009). Biodiversity and Conservation of Mchese Mountain, Malawi. Report produced under the Darwin Initiative Award 15/036: 1-71. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

VERNACULAR NAME

Bengali: ফার্ন গাছ
Burmese: ဖန်းပင်
Chinese (simplified): 蕨叶树
Chinese (traditional): 蕨葉樹 - 木羊齒 - 樹蕨 - 树蕨
English: Fern tree, Ferntree, Fern leaf tree
Filipino: Lilim ng payong
Finnish: Siipisanikkapuu
French: Arbre fougère
Hindi: फर्न का पेड़
Indonesian: Kerai payung, Ki sabun
Japanese: シダノキ
Java: Kerai payung
Kannada: Kaadu hoovarasi, Neeroli
Khmer: ដើមត្រែង
Lao: ຕົ້ນເຟີນ
Malayalam: Irumbarakki, Neeroli, Valmuriccha, Muriccha, Sanimaram
Malaysia: Terendak payung
Sinhala: පර්ණාංග ගස
Spanish: Árbol helecho
Sunda: Ki sabun
Tamil: காட்டுப்புவரசு - நீங்கல் - ஆதடலி - எருவில்லிப்பாலை Kattupuvarasu, Ningal, Athadali, Eruvillipaalai
Telugu: patta kunkudu
Thai: ต้นเฟิร์น
Vietnam: Cây dương xỉ

Aryo Bandoro
Dlium TheDlium
Web: https://www.dlium.com
YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@Dlium
Labels:

Popular Posts

Señorita banana (Musa acuminata AA Group 'Señorita')

Cavendish banana (Musa acuminata) Red banana (Musa acuminata AAA Group 'Red Dacca' Saba banana (Musa acuminata ABB Group 'Saba') Pisang mas or señorita banana ( Musa acuminata AA Group 'Señorita') is a cultivar in Musaceae, a banana with a cylindrical shape and bright yellow skin when ripe, one of the banana cultivars with the shortest fruit and has small seeds or no seeds. M. acuminata (AA Group) 'Señorita' emerged from a completely buried tuber. Stem formed as a pseudostem with heaps of leaf sheaths and succulent, soft, up to 2.5 m high, 42 cm girth at 1 m high. The pseudo stem is green and shiny with a pink-purple base color. The leaf blade is elongated, waxy with a stalk that is sometimes bordered from pink-purple to red, 120 cm long, 45 cm wide and impermeable. The inflorescences hang vertically with red-purple bracts which are yellow or green on the inner surface. Yellow male flowers. The plants start to flower about 231 days after planting....
Read more

Screw tree (Helicteres isora)

Screw tree ( Helicteres isora ) is a species of plant in the Malvaceae family. It is a shrub or small tree, up to 8 meters tall. It has gray bark and alternate leaves, up to 22 cm long and 17 cm wide, oval in shape, with serrated edges and hairs. The flowers are red or white and reach a total length of 5.5 cm. The fruit is green when unripe, brown or gray when dry, twisted, spiral-shaped, and pointed at the tip. The seeds are black or brown, shiny, and diagonal, triangular, or rectangular. TAXON Kingdom: Plantae Phylum: Tracheophyta Subphylum: Angiospermae Class: Magnoliopsida Order: Malvales Family: Malvaceae Subfamily: Helicteroideae Tribe: Helictereae Genus: Helicteres Pluk. ex L. in Sp. Pl.: 963 (1753) Species: Helicteres isora L. in Sp. Pl.: 963 (1753) HETEROTYPIC SYNONYMS Helicteres baruensis var. ovata DC. in Prodr. 1: 476 (1824) Helicteres chrysocalyx Miq. ex Mast. in J.D.Hooker, Fl. Brit. India 1: 365 (1874) Helicteres corylifolia Buch.-Ham. ex Dillwyn in Rev. Hortus Malab....
Read more

Cogon grass (Imperata cylindrica)

Cogon grass ( Imperata cylindrica ) is a species of plant in the Poaceae, an annual grass, sharp leaves, long and scaly shoots, creeping underground, white or purplish flowers, very adaptive and grows in all climates. I. cylindrica has sharply pointed shoot tips that emerge from the ground, up to 3 meters high, short stems, rising above the ground surface. Leaves are long ribbon-shaped, pointed tip, narrow base, up to 100 cm long, very rough and sharply serrated edges, long hairs at the base and wide veins. Inflorescences in panicles, up to 28 cm long, spikes long-haired and white to 1 cm. The seeds spread quickly with the wind or via rhizomes that quickly penetrate the soil. This species grows in tropical to subtropical areas, elevation up to 2000 meters, temperature 20-40C, rainfall 500-3500 mm/year, pH 4-7.5, lots of sunlight to a bit of shade. This plant dominates open land, former forests, dry rice fields, roadsides and so on. This plant contains mannitol, glucose, sacharose...
Read more