Chili pepper (Capsicum annuum) is a plant species in Solanaceae, shrub with a height of 50-100 cm, stem diameter 1-1.5 cm, dark green, broad, cultured that has high economic value and is planted in various places and the season depends on the variety.
C. annuum has bright green petioles and 4-5 cm long. The leaves are lanceolate, 6-13 cm long, 1-3.5 cm wide, alternating layout, tapered tip, tapered base, smooth surface, flat edge, a main bone in the middle and 3-5 minor bones sideways.
The upper leaf surface is dark green, while the lower surface is light green. Young leaves are light green while old leaves are dark brown to black. Flowers face down, green petals and 5-6 white crowns.
Fruit facing down, long tube-shaped, pointed tip, ripe fruit has a length of 11-23 cm, diameter 1-1.7 cm. Young fruit is dark green, then turns reddish brown and turns red when ripe and has a very spicy taste. The seeds are 3-4 mm in size, yellowish white when young and dark brown when ripe.
It grows well at an altitude of 300-400 m, pH 6.0-7.0, temperature 15-30C with a maximum of 40C and a minimum of 8C and low rainfall.
TAXON
Kingdom: Plantae
Phylum: Tracheophyta
Subphylum: Angiospermae
Class: Magnoliopsida
Order: Solanales
Family: Solanaceae
Subfamily: Solanoideae
Tribe: Capsiceae
Genus: Capsicum
Species: Capsicum annuum
Varieties: Capsicum annuum var. annuum, Capsicum annuum var. aviculare (Dierb.) D'Arcy & Eschbaugh
HOMOTYPIC SYNONYMS
Capsicum indicum var. vulgatum Dierb. in Arch. Apotheker-Vereins Nördl. Teutschl. 30: 22 (1829)
PUBLICATIONS
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VERNACULAR NAME
Aceh: Cabe keriting, Cabe panyang, Capli
Angami: Chusi
Arabic: فليفلة حولية
Bali: Tabia
Batak karo: Lacina
Batak: Cabe keriting, Cabe panjang
Bunun: Mahav
Burmese: ဂါရိုတီစီ ရှီ Ngarotesee shi
Chinese (simplified): 辣椒
Chinese (traditional): 辣椒
Czech: Paprika setá
Danish: Spansk peber
Dutch: Lange chili, Paprika
English: Chili pepper, Long chili, Sweet and chili pepper, sweet pepper, Bell pepper, Chilipiquin, Green pepper, Red pepper, Sweet bell pepper, Chile pequin, Banana pepper, Cayenne pepper, Chilli pepper, Sweet bell pepper, Sweet pepper
Estonian: Harilik paprika, Punapipar
Filipino: Mahabang sili
Finnish: Ruokapaprika
French: Piment ornemental
German: Lange chili, Spanischer Pfeffer, Paprika
Hebrew: פלפל תרבותי
Hindi: लाल मिर्ची - मिर्च - लम्बी मिर्च - शिमला मिर्च Lal Mirchi, Mirch, Lambee mirch, Shimla mirch
Hong Kong: 辣椒
Hungarian: Termesztett paprika
Indonesian: Cabai keriting, Cabai panjang, Cabe keriting, Cabe panjang, Cabe
Italian: Peperone, Peperoncino
Japanese: トウガラシ - ゴシキトウガラシ - ピーマン
Java: Ccabe, Lombok gede, Lombok kriting, Lombok dowo, Lombok gede, Mengkreng
Kannada: Menasu, Menasina kaayi, Menasina kai, Kharada menasinakayi, Menasinakayi, Kempu menasinakayi, Parangimenasinakayi, Holada menasinakayi
Khmer: មតេសា វេង Mtesa veng
Korean: 고추
Lampung: Cabi
Lao: Makphed nyav
Lithuanian: Vienametė paprika
Macao: 辣椒
Madura: Cabe keriting, Cabe lanjang
Malayalam: Kuda Mulagu, Pacha Mulagu
Malayu: Cili panjang, Cili kerinting
Manado: Rica
Manipuri: Morok
Marathi: Dobli Mirch, Mirchi
Minangkabau: Lado karitiang, Lado panjang
Mizo: Hmarcha, Hmarcha-te, Vai-hmarcha
Nepal: लामो खुर्सानी Lamo khursani
Norwegian: Paprika
Oria: Lonka
Otomí: Bumi
Palauan: Meringel
Pashto: اوګډا مارچ Ugda march
Polish: Papryka roczna
Portuguese: Pimentão, Pimentões, Pimentas-doce, Pimentas-jalapeño, Pimentas-cayenne e afins
Russian: Стручковый перец однолетний
Santali: ᱢᱟᱹᱨᱤᱪ
Sinhala: දිග මිරිස් Diga miris
Slovak: Paprika ročná
Spanish: Ají, Chile, Pimentón, Morrón
Sunda: Lombok, Sabrang
Swedish: Spanskpeppar
Tagalog: Sili
Tamil: குடமுழகை - உசிமிளகை - மூலகா Kudamulagai, Usimilagai, Mulaga
Telugu: Mirapa, Mirapa kaaya
Thai: พริกยาว Phrik yāw
Turkish: Biber
Ukrainian: Стручкови́й перець звичайний
Urdu: لانگ مارچ Lambi march
Vietnam: Ớt dài
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