Payungan (Tacca palmata)

Payungan (Tacca palmata) is a plant species in Dioscoreaceae, small-sized annual terna, up to 75 cm high, small and pushing rhizomes, filling secondary vegetation in the forest or gardens under the shade of large trees at an altitude of 0-1000 meters.

T. palmata has single leaves, 100-30x15-45 cm and is divided as fingers for 2-7 segments supported by a linear main bone and several minor bones that are sideways, the base is narrowed and the tip is tapered, green, solid petiole and not hollow.

Flowers in bunches for 8-25 items and sitting at the end of a solid stem, has four involucral bracts, does not have a filiform bract and a purple-brown header. Bright orange or red fruit and a diameter of 8-11 mm. Small tubers, ball-shaped, slightly flat and bent, somewhat resembling a kidney, about the size of a nutmeg.

Payungan grow wild in forests, home yards, gardens, under bamboo clumps, in teak and mixed secondary forests and 70-80% shade. Favor sand and clay soils with a slightly acidic and peat pH. Tropic and subtropical regions, minimum temperature of 15C and high humidity.

TAXON

Kingdom: Plantae
Phylum: Tracheophyta
Subphylum: Angiospermae
Class: Liliopsida
Order: Dioscoreales
Family: Dioscoreaceae
Genus: Tacca J.R.Forst. & G.Forst. in Char. Gen. Pl., ed. 2.: 69 (1776)
Species: Tacca palmata Blume in Enum. Pl. Javae 1: 83 (1827)

HETEROTYPIC SYNONYMS

Tacca angustilobata Merr. in Philipp. J. Sci. 29: 356 (1926)
Tacca elmeri K.Krause in Leafl. Philipp. Bot. 6: 2283 (1914)
Tacca fatsiifolia Warb. ex H.Limpr. in H.G.A.Engler (ed.), Pflanzenr., IV, 42(Heft 92): 23 (1928)
Tacca montana Schult. & Schult.f. in J.J.Roemer & J.A.Schultes, Syst. Veg., ed. 15[bis]. 7: 168 (1829)
Tacca rumphii Schauer in Nov. Actorum Acad. Caes. Leop.-Carol. Nat. Cur. 19(Suppl. 1): 442 (1843)
Tacca vesicaria Blanco in Fl. Filip.: 261 (1837)

PUBLICATIONS

Blume, C.L. (1827). "Aristolochiaceae". Enum. Pl. Javae. 1: 83.

Govaerts, R. (2004). World Checklist of Monocotyledons Database in ACCESS: 1-54382. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Govaerts, R., Wilkin, P. & Saunders, R.M.K. (2007). World Checklist of Dioscoreales. Yams and their allies: 1-65. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Kitalong, A.H., DeMeo, R.A. & Holm, T. (2008). Native Trees Palau. A field guide: 1-236.

VERNACULAR NAME

Chinese (Simplified): 帕永安
Chinese (Traditional): 帕永安
English: Payungan
Indonesian: Payungan, Gadung Tikus
Japanese: パユンガン
Java: Kemendulan, Ceker ayam, Trenggiling mentik
Madura: Tobitoan
Malaysia: Keladi murai
Polish: krąpiel dłoniasta
Sunda: Kotok bongkok
Tagalog: Payungan, Kanalong, Tungang-basing
Thai: บุกฤๅษี

Aryo Bandoro
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