Skip to main content

Katuk (Sauropus androgynus)

Katuk or sweet leaf or star gooseberry or Breynia androgyna (Sauropus androgynus) is a species of plants in Phyllanthaceae, clumping, growing chronic, 2-5 m tall, woody stems, tubular with leaf marks, widely used as living fences, vegetables and medicine.

S. androgynus has a taproot and is white. Stems upright, slender, few branches, young green and turn greenish brown with aging, if the tip of the stem is trimmed will grow new shoots that form branches.

Dlium Katuk (Sauropus androgynus)


Compound leaves, ovoid, pointed tip, blunt base, flat edge, 1-6 cm long, 1-4 cm wide, a bone in the middle, several pinnate veins, short stems, dark green in color with silvery features on the upper surface and bright green on the lower surface.

Compound flowers, umbrella-shaped and grow in the armpit of the leaf. Petals are ovoid and red-purple. Three pistil heads and shaped like a kidney. Three stamens and 5-10 mm stalk length.

Fruit will ride and purple. The fruit is round, a diameter of 1.5 mm and is whitish green. Each fruit has seeds, round, hard and black.

Katuk grows well at altitudes up to 1300 m, has tropical and subtropical adaptations, is productive throughout the year although it tends to be somewhat dormant in cold weather. Tolerant to heat, humidity, sensitive to cold and saline soil. Liked clay soils and pH 6.







Plants are widely used as living fences, shoots are used as asparagus, cooked leaves as vegetables, increase breast milk, treat acne, treat fevers, ulcers and inflammation of the esophagus. The leaves contain papaverina and if excessive can cause side effects such as poisoning.

Leaves contain energy (59.00cal), carbohydrate (11.00g), protein (4.80g), fat (1.00g), calcium (204.00mg), phosphorus (83.00mg), iron (2.70mg), vitamin A (10,371SI), vitamin B1 (0.10mg), vitamin C (239.00mg) and water (81.00g).

Kingdom: Plantae
Phylum: Tracheophyta
Subphylum: Angiospermae
Class: Magnoliopsida
Order: Malpighiales
Family: Phyllanthaceae
Genus: Sauropus
Species: Sauropus androgynus

Popular Posts

Humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) manufacture bubble-nets as tools to increase prey intake

NEWS - Humpback whales ( Megaptera novaeangliae ) create bubble net tools while foraging, consisting of internal tangential rings, and actively control the number of rings, their size, depth and horizontal spacing between the surrounding bubbles. These structural elements of the net increase prey intake sevenfold. Researchers have known that humpback whales create “bubble nets” for hunting, but the new report shows that the animals also manipulate them in a variety of ways to maximize catches. The behavior places humpbacks among the rare animals that make and use their own tools. “Many animals use tools to help them find food, but very few actually make or modify these tools themselves,” said Lars Bejder, director of the Marine Mammal Research Program (MMRP), University of Hawaii at Manoa. “Humpback whales in southeast Alaska create elaborate bubble nets to catch krill. They skillfully blow bubbles in patterns that form a web with internal rings. They actively control details such ...

Asian palmyra palm (Borassus flabellifer)

Asian palmyra palm ( Borassus flabellifer ) is a species of Arecaceae , palm, sturdy, single-stemmed, cylindrical shape, growing 15-30 meters tall and with a trunk diameter of about 60 cm. The leaves are clustered at the tip of the trunk, forming a rounded crown . The leaf blade resembles a round fan , up to 1.5 meters in diameter. The leaflets are 5-7 cm wide, and the underside is whitish with a waxy coating. The leaf stalk is up to 1 meter long, with a broad, black midrib at the top and a row of two-pointed spines . The inflorescence is borne on a cob, 20-30 cm long, and the stalk is about 50 cm long. The fruits are clustered in clusters of about 20, round, 7-20 cm in diameter, with a brownish-black outer skin and yellow flesh on the inside. The fruit has three seeds in a thick, hard shell. Kingdom: Plantae Phylum: Tracheophyta Subphylum: Angiospermae Class: Liliopsida Order: Arecales Family: Arecaceae Subfamily: Coryphoideae Tribe: Borasseae Subtribe: Lataniinae Genu...

Javan mocca or Javan slender caesar (Amanita javanica)

OPINION - Javan mocca or Javan slender caesar ( Amanita javanica ) is a mysterious fungus species and has been enigmatic since it was first reported by Boedijn in 1951 and after that no explanation or reporting of specimens is believed to be the same as expected. Boedijn (1951) described A. javanica which grew on Java island as having the characteristics covered in the Amanita genus. Corner and Bas in 1962 tried to describe Javan mocca and all species in Amanita based on specimens in Singapore. Over time some reports say that they have found A. javanica specimens in other Southeast Asia including also China, Japan, India and Nepal. But there is no definitive knowledge and many doubt whether the specimen is the same as described by Boedijn (1951). I was fortunate to have seen this species one afternoon and soon I took out a camera for some shots. In fact, I've only met this mushroom species once. Javan mocca is an endangered species and I have never seen in my experience in...