Muskmelon (Cucumis melo)

Muskmelon (Cucumis melo) is a plant species, annual, spreading or propagating using a spiral-shaped holder, all or some parts have hair or no hair, has two subspecies with many varieties and cultivars, many are cultivated for fruit and seed harvest.

C. melo has a primary root 15-20 cm long from the base of the stem, while secondary and tertiary roots spread to 35-45 cm long. The stem is green, in the shape of a pentagon with hairs, segmented for the petiole and has 3-7 curves.



Green leaves, arranged alternately, five corners, 3-5 curves, 8-15 cm in diameter, some bones running as long stems, rough-haired surface. Muskmelon grows in how to climb using a twisting device that appears on each leaf armpit.

Flowers grow on the armpits of leaves with long flat stems and only consist of a flower crown and five stamens. Male flowers are formed in groups with 3-6 items. Female flowers appear on the branching segments in the first or second armpit of the leaf consisting of a crown, pistil and oval shaped ovaries with short, thick fruit stalks.

Fruit is round or oval or elongated. The skin has a thickness of 1-2 mm and is green or yellow or red or white. Fruit flesh that is light green or yellow or orange. Among the cavities has a set of seeds wrapped in a placenta that is white, slimy, brown or white, 0.9 mm long, 0.4 mm in diameter and 500-600 seeds in each fruit.

TAXON

Kingdom: Plantae
Phylum: Tracheophyta
Subphylum: Angiospermae
Class: Magnoliopsida
Order: Cucurbitales
Family: Cucurbitaceae
Tribe: Benincaseae
Genus: Cucumis L. in Sp. Pl.: 1011 (1753)
Species: Cucumis melo L. in Sp. Pl.: 1011 (1753)

HOMOTYPIC SYNONYMS

Cucumis deliciosus Salisb. in Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton: 157 (1796)
Cucumis melo f. typicus Pangalo in Trudy Prikl. Bot. 23: 245 (1929-1930 publ. 1930)
Melo sativus Sageret in Ann. Sci. Nat. (Paris) 8: 312 (1826)

HETEROTYPIC SYNONYMS

Bryonia collosa Rottler in Neue Schriften Ges. Naturf. Freunde Berlin 4: 210 (1803)
Cucumis acidus Jacq. in Observ. Bot. 4: 14 (1771)
Cucumis agrestis (Naudin) Greb. in R.Mansfeld, Verz. Landwirtsch. Gärtn. Kulturpfl. 1: 134 (1953)
Cucumis agrestis subsp. figari (Pangalo) Greb. in Kulturpflanze 1: 134 (1953)
Cucumis alba Nakai in Sci. World (Chungking & Nanking) 13(9): 14 (1916)
Cucumis alba var. flavescens Nakai (1916)
Cucumis ambiguus Fenzl ex Hook.f. in D.Oliver & auct. suc. (eds.), Fl. Trop. Afr. 2: 543 (1871)
Cucumis arenarius Schumach. & Thonn. in C.F.Schumacher, Beskr. Guin. Pl.: 426 (1827)
Cucumis aromaticus Royle in Ill. Bot. Himal. Mts.: 220 (1835)
Cucumis bardanus Fenzl ex Naudin in Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 4, 11: 25 (1859)
Cucumis bisexualis A.M.Lu & G.C.Wang in Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 4(2): 126 (1984)
Cucumis campechianus Kunth in F.W.H.von Humboldt, A.J.A.Bonpland & C.S.Kunth, Nov. Gen. Sp. 2: 123 (1817)
Cucumis cantalupensis Haberle ex M.Roem. in Fam. Nat. Syn. Monogr. 2: 69 (1846)
Cucumis cantalupo Rchb. in Fl. Germ. Excurs. 1: 295 (1831)
Cucumis chate Hasselq. in Iter Palaest.: 491 (1757)
Cucumis chinensis (Pangalo) Pangalo (1929-1930 publ. 1930)
Cucumis chito C.Morren in Ann. Soc. Roy. Agric. Gand 5: 341 (1849)
Cucumis cicatrisatus Stocks in Hooker's J. Bot. Kew Gard. Misc. 4: 148 (1852)
Cucumis cognata Fenzl ex Hook.f. (1871)
Cucumis collosus (Rottler) Cogn. in H.G.A.Engler (ed.), Pflanzenr., IV, 275, II(Heft 88): 129 (1924)
Cucumis conomon Thunb. in J.A.Murray (ed.), Syst. Veg., ed. 14.: 869 (1784)
Cucumis conomon var. koreana Nakai (1916)
Cucumis conomon var. rugosa Nakai in T.Mori, Enum. Pl. Corea: 335 (1922)
Cucumis cubensis Schrad. in Linnaea 12: 419 (1838)
Cucumis cubensis var. costatus M.Roem. (1846)
Cucumis dudaim L. in Sp. Pl.: 1011 (1753)
Cucumis dudaim aegyptiacus (Alef.) Sickenb. in Mém. Inst. Égypt. 4: 232 (1901)
Cucumis dudaim bitarianus Sickenb. (1901)
Cucumis dudaim elongatus Sickenb. (1901)
Cucumis dudaim striatus Sickenb. (1901)
Cucumis eriocarpus Boiss. & Noë in P.E.Boissier, Diagn. Pl. Orient., ser. 2, 2: 59 (1856)
Cucumis erivanicus Steud. in Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2. 1: 451 (1840)
Cucumis flexuosus L. in Sp. Pl., ed. 2.: 1437 (1763)
Cucumis flexuosus var. adzhur Pangalo in La Turquie Agricole: 542 (1933)
Cucumis flexuosus var. curvatoalbus Pangalo (1933)
Cucumis flexuosus var. curvatoaurantiacus Pangalo (1933)
Cucumis flexuosus var. curvatoviridis Pangalo (1933)
Cucumis flexuosus var. rectoalbus Pangalo (1933)
Cucumis flexuosus var. rectoauranticus Pangalo (1933)
Cucumis flexuosus var. rectoviridis Pangalo (1933)
Cucumis flexuosus var. reflexus Ser. in A.P.de Candolle, Prodr. 3: 300 (1828)
Cucumis flexuosus var. terra Pangalo (1933)
Cucumis jamaicensis Bertero ex Spreng. in Syst. Veg., ed. 16. 3: 46 (1826)
Cucumis jucunda F.Muell. in Trans. & Proc. Philos. Inst. Victoria 3: 46 (1859)
Cucumis laevigatus Chiov. in Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital., n.s., 36: 364 (1929)
Cucumis maculatus Willd. in Sp. Pl., ed. 4. 4: 614 (1805)
Cucumis melo var. acidulus Naudin (1859)
Cucumis melo convar. adana (Pangalo) Greb. (1953)
Cucumis melo var. adana (Pangalo) Pangalo (1933)
Cucumis melo subsp. adana (Pangalo) Pangalo in Theor. Basis Pl. Breed. 3: 148 (1937)
Cucumis melo adana Pangalo in Deutsche Landw. Rundschau 2: 65 (1928)
Cucumis melo var. adress Pangalo (1933)
Cucumis melo convar. adzhur (Pangalo) Greb. (1953)
Cucumis melo var. aegyptiacus Alef. in Landw. Fl.: 204 (1866)
Cucumis melo subvar. aegyptiacus (Alef.) D.S.Fish in Bull. Alexandria Hort. Soc. 6: 125 (1912)
Cucumis melo var. aestivalis Alef. (1866)
Cucumis melo var. aethiopicus Naudin in Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 4, 12: 110 (1859)
Cucumis melo subsp. agrestis (Naudin) Pangalo in P.M.Zhukovsky, Turq. Agric.: 534 (1933)
Cucumis melo f. agrestis (Naudin) W.J.de Wilde & Duyfjes in Fl. Thailand 9: 428 (2008)
Cucumis melo subvar. agrestis (Naudin) Pangalo (1928)
Cucumis melo var. agrestis Naudin (1859)
Cucumis melo var. albidus Alef. (1866)
Cucumis melo f. albidus (Alef.) Kitam. in Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 14: 43 (1950)
Cucumis melo var. alboviridis Pangalo (1933)
Cucumis melo f. albus Makino in Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 20: 81 (1906)
Cucumis melo var. alwarensis A.Pandey & S.Rajkumar in Genet. Resources Crop Evol. 68: 788 (2020)
Cucumis melo proles ameri Pangalo in Melon Cult. USSR: 185 (1933)
Cucumis melo var. ameri Gabaev in La Turquie Agricole: 540 (1933)
Cucumis melo convar. ameri (Pangalo) Greb. (1953)
Cucumis melo subsp. ameri (Pangalo) Pangalo (1937)
Cucumis melo var. ananas Alef. (1866)
Cucumis melo var. ananas-i-chair-verte Hassib in Cucurbit. Egypt: 127 (1938)
Cucumis melo var. anatolicus Naudin (1859)
Cucumis melo var. annae Alef. (1866)
Cucumis melo var. argenteus Alef. (1866)
Cucumis melo var. arundel Hassib (1938)
Cucumis melo var. atab Hassib (1938)
Cucumis melo var. atossae Alef. (1866)
Cucumis melo var. aurantiacus (Harz) Pangalo (1933)
Cucumis melo aurantiacus Harz in Landw. Samenk. 2: 780 (1885)
Cucumis melo var. autumnales Filov in Vestn. Sel'skohoz. Nauki 1: 130 (1960)
Cucumis melo var. azmirli Hassib (1938)
Cucumis melo subvar. bassusi Hassib (1938)
Cucumis melo var. beida Hassib (1938)
Cucumis melo var. bitarianus (Sickenb.) Hassib (1938)
Cucumis melo var. bos-valdy E.Suzuki in Foundation of Hothouse Melon Culture: 37 (1970)
Cucumis melo var. brasilianus Alef. (1866)
Cucumis melo var. buharici Filov (1960)
Cucumis melo var. bullock Hassib (1938)
Cucumis melo var. burrells-gem Hassib (1938)
Cucumis melo var. cantalupa (Pangalo) Gabaev (1933)
Cucumis melo convar. cantalupa (Pangalo) Greb. (1953)
Cucumis melo subsp. cantalupa (Pangalo) Pangalo (1937)
Cucumis melo proles cantalupa Pangalo (1933)
Cucumis melo var. cantalupensis Naudin (1859)
Cucumis melo convar. cantalupensis (Naudin) Alef. (1866)
Cucumis melo var. cantalupo Ser. (1828)
Cucumis melo var. cantonianus Naudin in Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 4, 16: 161 (1862)
Cucumis melo var. carmelitarum Alef. (1866)
Cucumis melo var. carthagenens Alef. (1866)
Cucumis melo var. casaba Pangalo (1933)
Cucumis melo var. caseiformis Alef. (1866)
Cucumis melo convar. cassaba (Pangalo) Greb. (1953)
Cucumis melo subsp. cassaba (Pangalo) Pangalo (1937)
Cucumis melo proles cassaba Pangalo (1933)
Cucumis melo var. cassabar Alef. (1866)
Cucumis melo convar. chandalak (Gabaev) Greb. (1953)
Cucumis melo var. chandalak Gabaev (1933)
Cucumis melo subsp. chandalak (Gabaev) Pangalo (1937)
Cucumis melo proles chandaljak Pangalo (1933)
Cucumis melo var. chate (Hasselq.) Sageret in Mém. Agric. Soc. Roy. Centr. Agric. 58: 488 (1825)
Cucumis melo subsp. chate (Hasselq.) Hassib (1938)
Cucumis melo var. chilensis Alef. (1866)
Cucumis melo subsp. chinensis (Pangalo) Pangalo (1929-1930 publ. 1930)
Cucumis melo var. chinensis Pangalo (1928)
Cucumis melo convar. chinensis (Pangalo) Greb. (1953)
Cucumis melo subsp. chinensis (Pangalo) Filov (1960)
Cucumis melo var. chito (C.Morren) Naudin (1859)
Cucumis melo var. chloris Alef. (1866)
Cucumis melo var. chrysopetrus Alef. (1866)
Cucumis melo var. citrinus Alef. (1866)
Cucumis melo var. citrodorus Alef. (1866)
Cucumis melo var. conomon (Thunb.) Makino in Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 16: 16 (1902)
Cucumis melo subsp. conomon (Thunb.) Greb. (1953)
Cucumis melo convar. conomon (Thunb.) Greb. (1953)
Cucumis melo var. coronata Alef. (1866)
Cucumis melo var. cossonianus Naudin (1862)
Cucumis melo var. cultus Kurz in J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 46: 103 (1877)
Cucumis melo subvar. cultus (Kurz) Pangalo (1928)
Cucumis melo subsp. cultus (Kurz) Pangalo (1933)
Cucumis melo var. dampsa Alef. (1866)
Cucumis melo var. daree Alef. (1866)
Cucumis melo var. deliciosus Alef. (1866)
Cucumis melo var. dinodaim Alef. (1866)
Cucumis melo f. dissectifolius Pangalo (1929-1930 publ. 1930)
Cucumis melo var. ducalis Alef. (1866)
Cucumis melo var. dudaim (L.) Naudin (1859)
Cucumis melo subsp. dudaim (L.) Greb. (1953)
Cucumis melo convar. dudaim (L.) Alef. (1866)
Cucumis melo f. dulcis Pangalo (1929-1930 publ. 1930)
Cucumis melo var. dumeri Hassib (1938)
Cucumis melo var. durans Alef. (1866)
Cucumis melo var. duripulposus Filov (1960)
Cucumis melo var. durrieni Alef. (1866)
Cucumis melo var. ecostatus Alef. (1866)
Cucumis melo subvar. elongatus (Sickenb.) D.S.Fish (1912)
Cucumis melo convar. elongatus Alef. (1866)
Cucumis melo var. elongatus (Sickenb.) Hassib (1938)
Cucumis melo var. endaurantius Alef. (1866)
Cucumis melo var. erythraeus Naudin (1859)
Cucumis melo var. erythrosarx Alef. (1866)
Cucumis melo subsp. europaeus Filov (1960)
Cucumis melo var. faginus Alef. (1866)
Cucumis melo var. fairi Alef. (1866)
Cucumis melo var. firany Hassib (1938)
Cucumis melo f. flavus (Makino) Kitam. (1950)
Cucumis melo var. flavus Makino in J. Jap. Bot. 5: 32 (1928)
Cucumis melo subsp. flexuosus (L.) Pangalo (1929-1930 publ. 1930)
Cucumis melo convar. flexuosus (L.) Greb. (1935)
Cucumis melo var. flexuosus (L.) Naudin (1859)
Cucumis melo var. friesicus Alef. (1866)
Cucumis melo var. fucharici E.Suzuki (1970)
Cucumis melo var. gallicus Alef. (1866)
Cucumis melo var. gehoon Alef. (1866)
Cucumis melo var. gem-rocky Hassib (1938)
Cucumis melo var. gerger Alef. (1866)
Cucumis melo var. germek Alef. (1866)
Cucumis melo subvar. geyeidy Hassib (1938)
Cucumis melo var. giganteus Alef. (1866)
Cucumis melo f. ginmakua Kitam. (1950)
Cucumis melo var. golobcresdael E.Suzuki (1970)
Cucumis melo var. goorgab Alef. (1866)
Cucumis melo var. gourbek Filov (1960)
Cucumis melo var. gracilior Pangalo (1929-1930 publ. 1930)
Cucumis melo f. grandifolius Pangalo (1929-1930 publ. 1930)
Cucumis melo f. hamikua Kitam. (1950)
Cucumis melo var. hasanbey Pangalo (1933)
Cucumis melo var. hibernus Filov (1960)
Cucumis melo var. hiemalis Filov (1960)
Cucumis melo var. hime Makino in Y.Iinuma, Somoku-Dzusetsu, ed. 3. 4: 1308 (1912)
Cucumis melo var. honey-dew Hassib (1938)
Cucumis melo var. hooseini Alef. (1866)
Cucumis melo var. indicus Alef. (1866)
Cucumis melo var. indicus E.Suzuki (1970)
Cucumis melo var. inodorus H.Jacq. in Monogr. Melon: 173 (1832)
Cucumis melo var. insipidus Alef. (1866)
Cucumis melo var. insularis Alef. (1866)
Cucumis melo var. ispahanensis Alef. (1866)
Cucumis melo var. italicus Alef. (1866)
Cucumis melo var. keiseng Alef. (1866)
Cucumis melo var. khadra Hassib (1938)
Cucumis melo f. kikumelon Kitam. (1950)
Cucumis melo var. kurschaing Alef. (1866)
Cucumis melo var. leeanus Alef. (1866)
Cucumis melo var. leucadicus Alef. (1866)
Cucumis melo var. leucodictyon Alef. (1866)
Cucumis melo var. leucospermus Alef. (1866)
Cucumis melo var. liliinus Alef. (1866)
Cucumis melo var. macrocastanus Pangalo (1933)
Cucumis melo var. macroleucus Pangalo (1933)
Cucumis melo var. macropyrochrus Pangalo (1933)
Cucumis melo var. maculatus Naudin (1859)
Cucumis melo var. makua Kitam. ex Makino in Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 14: 43 (1950)
Cucumis melo var. makuwa Makino (1928)
Cucumis melo var. maltensis Ser. (1828)
Cucumis melo var. mansouri Hassib (1938)
Cucumis melo var. mehanawy Hassib (1938)
Cucumis melo convar. melitensis Alef. (1866)
Cucumis melo subsp. microcarpus (Alef.) Pangalo (1929-1930 publ. 1930)
Cucumis melo var. microcarpus (Alef.) Pangalo (1928)
Cucumis melo convar. microcarpus Alef. (1866)
Cucumis melo var. microcastanus Pangalo (1933)
Cucumis melo var. microleucus Pangalo (1933)
Cucumis melo var. micropyrochrus Pangalo (1933)
Cucumis melo var. microspermus Nakai ex Kitam. (1950)
Cucumis melo var. microspermus Alef. (1866)
Cucumis melo var. minutissimus Naudin (1862)
Cucumis melo var. momordica (Roxb.) Cogn. in A.L.P.P.de Candolle & A.C.P.de Candolle, Monogr. Phan. 3: 484 (1881)
Cucumis melo var. monoclinus (Pangalo) Filov (1960)
Cucumis melo var. montaguanus Alef. (1866)
Cucumis melo var. naudinii Alef. (1866)
Cucumis melo var. nigrescens Alef. (1866)
Cucumis melo var. nucinus Alef. (1866)
Cucumis melo var. nuksewan Alef. (1866)
Cucumis melo var. odessanus Alef. (1866)
Cucumis melo var. odoratissimus Alef. (1866)
Cucumis melo var. olorinus Alef. (1866)
Cucumis melo var. orientalis Alef. (1866)
Cucumis melo subsp. orientalis Sageret ex Filov (1960)
Cucumis melo var. pachyderma Alef. (1866)
Cucumis melo var. pancherianus (Naudin) Alef. (1866)
Cucumis melo var. paplis Alef. (1866)
Cucumis melo var. pedatifidus (Schrad.) Alef. (1866)
Cucumis melo var. persicodorus (Seitz) Alef. (1866)
Cucumis melo var. peruanus Alef. (1866)
Cucumis melo var. petrosus Alef. (1866)
Cucumis melo var. polignac Alef. (1866)
Cucumis melo var. praecantalupa Pangalo (1933)
Cucumis melo var. praecox Filov (1960)
Cucumis melo var. praecox Alef. (1866)
Cucumis melo var. prescottii Alef. (1866)
Cucumis melo var. provincialis Alef. (1866)
Cucumis melo var. pubescens (Willd.) Kurz (1877)
Cucumis melo subsp. pubescens (Willd.) Hassib (1938)
Cucumis melo var. reginae (Schrad.) Alef. (1866)
Cucumis melo convar. reticulatus (Ser.) Alef. (1866)
Cucumis melo var. reticulatus Ser. (1828)
Cucumis melo var. rhodosarx Alef. (1866)
Cucumis melo subsp. rigidus (Pangalo) Filov (1960)
Cucumis melo rigidus Pangalo (1928)
Cucumis melo var. rigidus (Pangalo) Pangalo (1929-1930 publ. 1930)
Cucumis melo var. romanus Alef. (1866)
Cucumis melo f. rugosus Nakai ex Kitam. (1950)
Cucumis melo var. saccharinus H.Jacq. (1832)
Cucumis melo var. saharunporensis Naudin in Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 5, 5: 11 (1866)
Cucumis melo var. saidi Hassib (1938)
Cucumis melo var. salmoneus Alef. (1866)
Cucumis melo var. santawi Hassib (1938)
Cucumis melo var. sapidissimus Alef. (1866)
Cucumis melo var. schraderianus (M.Roem.) Alef. (1866)
Cucumis melo var. senani Hassib (1938)
Cucumis melo var. shahd Hassib (1938)
Cucumis melo var. shammam Saidi in Cucurbit. Egypt: 130 (1938)
Cucumis melo f. showamelon Kitam. (1950)
Cucumis melo var. siamensis Alef. (1866)
Cucumis melo subsp. spontaneum Filov (1960)
Cucumis melo var. striatus (Sickenb.) Hassib (1938)
Cucumis melo var. succosus Alef. (1866)
Cucumis melo var. susianuus Alef. (1866)
Cucumis melo var. syriacus Alef. (1866)
Cucumis melo var. tamago Makino (1912)
Cucumis melo var. tarra Filov (1960)
Cucumis melo var. tauricus Alef. (1866)
Cucumis melo var. texanus Naudin (1862)
Cucumis melo var. theioides Alef. (1866)
Cucumis melo var. thessalonicus Alef. (1866)
Cucumis melo var. turonensis Alef. (1866)
Cucumis melo var. unionis Alef. (1866)
Cucumis melo var. utilissimus (Roxb.) Duthie & Fuller in Field Gard. Crops N-W Prov. 2: 55 (1883)
Cucumis melo var. vard Gabaev (1933)
Cucumis melo var. variegatus (Makino) Pangalo (1933)
Cucumis melo f. variegatus Makino (1906)
Cucumis melo var. vaughans-original-osage Hassib (1938)
Cucumis melo f. viridis (Alef.) Makino (1906)
Cucumis melo var. viridis Alef. (1866)
Cucumis melo var. vulgaris H.Jacq. (1832)
Cucumis melo subsp. vulgaris (H.Jacq.) Pangalo (1929-1930 publ. 1930)
Cucumis melo subvar. waraqi Hassib (1938)
Cucumis melo var. zaami E.Suzuki (1970)
Cucumis melo proles zard (Gabaev) Pangalo in Melon Cult. USSR: 185 (1934)
Cucumis melo var. zard Gabaev (1933)
Cucumis melo convar. zard (Gabaev) Greb. (1953)
Cucumis melo subsp. zard (Gabaev) Pangalo (1937)
Cucumis melo var. zebrinoaurantiacus Pangalo (1933)
Cucumis melo var. zebrinoluteus Pangalo (1933)
Cucumis melo var. zhukovskyi Pangalo (1933)
Cucumis microcarpus (Alef.) Pangalo in Zhuk. Turq. Agric.: 534 (1933)
Cucumis microspermus Nakai (1916)
Cucumis microspermus var. koreanus Nakai (1922)
Cucumis microspermus var. rugosus Nakai (1916)
Cucumis momordica Roxb. in Fl. Ind., ed. 1832. 3: 720 (1832)
Cucumis moschatus Gray in Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 552 (1821 publ. 1822)
Cucumis odoratissimus Moench in Methodus: 654 (1794)
Cucumis odoratissimus W.M.Carp. & Riddell in New Orleans Med. Surg. J. 9: 609 (1853)
Cucumis officinarum-melo Crantz in Inst. Rei Herb. 1: 172 (1766)
Cucumis orientalis Kudr. in Veg. Guzar: 142 (1941)
Cucumis pancherianus Naudin (1859)
Cucumis pedatifidus Schrad. (1838)
Cucumis persicodorus Seitz in Verh. Vereins Beförd. Gartenbaues Königl. Preuss. Staaten 3: 379 (1827)
Cucumis persicus (Sageret) M.Roem. (1846)
Cucumis pictus Jacq. in Hort. Bot. Vindob. 3: 17 (1776)
Cucumis princeps Wender. in Index Seminum (MB, Marburgensis) 1840: [7] (1840)
Cucumis pseudocolocynthis Wender. in Index Seminum (MB, Marburgensis) 1834: [2] (1834)
Cucumis pseudocolocynthis Royle (1835)
Cucumis pubescens Willd. (1805)
Cucumis pyriformis Roxb. ex Wight & Arn. in Prodr. Fl. Ind. Orient. 1: 342 (1834)
Cucumis reflexus Zeyh. ex Ser. (1828)
Cucumis reginae Schrad. (1838)
Cucumis sativus var. conomon (Thunb.) Makino (1902)
Cucumis schraderianus M.Roem. (1846)
Cucumis serotinus Haberle ex Seitz (1827)
Cucumis turbinatus Roxb. (1832)
Cucumis umbilicatus Salisb. (1796)
Cucumis utilissimus Roxb. (1832)
Cucumis villosus Boiss. & Noë (1856)
Cucurbita aspera Sol. ex G.Forst. in Fl. Ins. Austr.: 92 (1786)
Ecballium lambertianum M.Roem. (1846)
Luffa cylindrica (L.) M.Roem. (1846)
Melo adana (Pangalo) Pangalo in Bot. Zhurn. S.S.S.R. 35: 576 (1950)
Melo adzhur Pangalo (1950)
Melo agrestis (Naudin) Pangalo (1950)
Melo ambiguus Pangalo (1950)
Melo ameri (Pangalo) Pangalo (1950)
Melo cantalupa (Pangalo) Pangalo (1950)
Melo cassaba (Pangalo) Pangalo (1950)
Melo cassaba nid zhukovskyi (Pangalo) Pangalo in Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 35: 575 (1950)
Melo chandalak (Gabaev) Pangalo (1950)
Melo chate (Hasselq.) Sageret (1826)
Melo chinensis (Pangalo) Pangalo (1950)
Melo conomon (Thunb.) Pangalo (1950)
Melo dudaim (L.) Sageret (1826)
Melo figari Pangalo (1950)
Melo flexuosus (L.) Sageret (1826)
Melo microcarpus (Alef.) Pangalo (1950)
Melo monoclinus Pangalo (1950)
Melo orientalis (Kudr.) Nabiev in Fl. Uzbekistan. 5: 609 (1961)
Melo persicus Sageret (1826)
Melo vulgaris Cogn. (1881)
Melo zard (Gabaev) Pangalo (1950)
Momordica cylindrica L. in Sp. Pl.: 1009 (1753)
Momordica lambertiana Ser. (1828)
Momordica sativa Roxb. ex Wight & Arn. (1834)
Pepo melopepo Moench (1794)
Pepo verrucosus Moench (1794)

PUBLICATIONS

Abdulina, S.A. (1999). Spisok Sosudistykn Rastenii Kazakhstana: 1-187. Academy of Sciences, Almaty, Kazakhstan.

Allred, K.W. (2012). Flora Neomexicana, ed. 2, 1: 1-599. Range Science Herbarium, Las Cruces, New Mexico.

Andersen, J.S. (1977). Flora Iranica 123: 1-14. Akademische Druck- u. Verlagsanstalt, Graz.

Baksh-Comeau, Y., Maharaj, S.S., Adams, C.D., Harris, S.A., Filer, D.L. & Hawthorne, W.D. (2016). An annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Trinidad and Tobago with analysis of vegetation types and botanical 'hotspots'. Phytotaxa 250: 1-431.

Bosser, J. & al. (eds.) (1990). Flore des Mascareignes 90-106: 1. IRD Éditions, MSIRI, RBG-Kew, Paris.

Boudet, G., Lebrun, J.P. & Demange, R. (1986). Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du Mali: 1-465. Etudes d'Elevage et de Médecine Vétérinaire des Pays Tropicaux.

Chang, C.S., Kim, H. & Chang, K.S. (2014). Provisional checklist of vascular plants for the Korea peninsula flora (KPF): 1-660. DESIGNPOST.

Danihelka, J. Chrtek, J. & Kaplan, Z. (2012). Checklist of vascular plants of the Czech Republic. Preslia. Casopsi Ceské Botanické Spolecnosti 84: 647-811.

Dar, G.H. & Govaerts, R.H.A. (2025). Flora of Kashmir Himalaya: Sind Valley 1: 1-606. Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Dehradun, India.

Darbyshire, I., Kordofani, M., Farag, I., Candiga, R. & Pickering, H. (eds.) (2015). The Plants of Sudan and South Sudan: 1-400. Kew publishing, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Davis, P.H. (ed.) (1972). Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands 4: 1-657. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh.

De Wilde, W.J.J.O. & Duyfjes, B.E.E. (2008). The edible Cucurbitaceae of Thailand and Malesia and the wild forms of the cultivated ones. Sandakania 17: 43-91.

Dobignard, A. & Chatelain, C. (2011). Index synonymique de la flore d'Afrique du nord 3: 1-449. Éditions des conservatoire et jardin botaniques, Genève.

Edwards, S., Tadesse, M. & Hedberg, I. (eds.) (1995). Flora of Ethiopia and Eritrea 2(2): 1-456. The National Herbarium, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia & The Department of Systematic Botany, Upps.

Figueiredo, E. & Smith, G.F. (2008). Plants of Angola. Strelitzia 22: 1-279. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.

Flora of North America Editorial Committee (2015). Flora of North America North of Mexico 6: 1-468. Oxford University Press, New York, Oxford.

Fosberg, F.R. & Sachet, M.-H. (1987). Flora of the Gilbert Island, Kiribati, Checklist. Atoll Research Bulletin 295: 1-33.

Fosberg, F.R., Sachet, M.-H., Oliver, R. (1979). A geographical checklist of the Micronesian Dicotyledonae. Micronesica; Journal of the College of Guam 15: 41-295.

Garcia-Mendoza, A.J. & Meave, J.A. (eds.) (2012). Diversidad florística de Oaxaca: de musgos a angiospermas (colecciones y listas de especies), ed. 2: 1-351. Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México.

Germishuizen, G. & Meyer, N.L. (eds.) (2003). Plants of Southern Africa an annotated checklist. Strelitzia 14: 1-1231. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.

Ghazanfar, S.A. (1992). An Annotated Catalogue of the Vascular Plants of Oman and their Vernacular names. Scripta Botanica Belgica 2: 1-153.

Girmansyah, D. & al. (eds.) (2013). Flora of Bali an annotated checklist: 1-158. Herbarium Bogorensis, Indonesia.

Govaerts, R. (1999). World Checklist of Seed Plants 3(1, 2a & 2b): 1-1532. MIM, Deurne.

Hammel, B.E., Grayum, M.H., Herrera & C. & Zamora, N. (eds.) (2010). Manual de plantas de Costa Rica volumen V. Dicotiledóneas (Clusiaceae-Gunneraceae). Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 119: 1-970. Missouri Botanical Garden.

Hassler, M. & Muer, T. (2022). Flora Germanica: alle Farn- und Blütenpflanzen Deutschlands in Text und Bild 1: 1-864. Verlag Regionalkultur, Uberstadt-Weiher.

Hohla, M. (2011). Zwei Funde der Kleine Seerose (Nymphaea candida) sowie weitere Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Flora von Oberösterreich. Stapfia 95: 141-161.

Hokche, O., Berry, P.E. & Huber, O. (eds.) (2008). Nuevo Catálogo de la Flora Vascular de Venezuela: 1-859. Fundación Instituto Botánico de Venezuela.

Jeffrey, C. (1967). Flora of Tropical East Africa, Cucurbitaceae: 1-156. Jones, R.L. (2005). Plant life of Kentucky. An illustrated guide to the vascular flora: 1-833. The universitry press of Kentucky.

Jonsell, B. & Karlsson, T. (eds.) (2010). Flora Nordica 6: 1-298. The Bergius Foundaton.

Jørgensen, P.M. & León-Yánez, S. (eds.) (1999). Catalogue of the Vascular Plants of Ecuador. Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 75: i-viii, 1-1181. Missouri Botanical Garden.

Jørgensen, P.M., Nee, M.H. & Beck., S.G. (eds.) (2013). Catálogo de las plantas vasculares de Bolivia. Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 127: 1-1741. Missouri Botanical Garden.

Kar, S.K. & al. (2016 publ. 2017). Additions to the flora of Chilika lake and its immediate neighbourhood. Journal of Economic and Taxonomic Botany 40: 134-150.

Keraudren-Aymonin, M. (1975). Flore d'Afrique Centrale (Zaire-rwanda-Burundi), Cucurbitaceae: 1-152. Jardin Botanique National de Belgique.

Kotiya, A., Solanki, Y. & Reddy, G.V. (2020). Flora of Rajasthan: 1-769. Rajasthan state biodiversity board.

Kral, R., Diamond, A.R., Ginzbarg, S.L., Hansen, C.J., Haynes, R.R., Keener, B.R., Lelong, M.G., Spaulding, D.D. & Woods, M. (2011). Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Alabama: 1-112. Botanical reseach institute of Texas.

Kress, W.J., DeFilipps, R.A., Farr, E. & Kyi, D.Y.Y. (2003). A Checklist of the Trees, Shrubs, Herbs and Climbers of Myanmar. Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 45: 1-590. Smithsonian Institution.

Launert, E. (ed.) (1978). Flora Zambesiaca 4: 1-658. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Lebrun, J.P., Toutain, B., Gaston, A. & Boudet, G. (1991). Catalogue des Plantes Vasculaires du Burkina Faso: 1-341. Institut d' Elevage et de Médecine Vétérinaire des Pays Tropicaux, Maisons Alfort.

Lisowski, S. (2009). Flore (Angiospermes) de la République de Guinée. Scripta Botanica Belgica 41: 1-517.

Lê, T.C. (2003). Danh lục các loài thực vật Việt Nam 2: 1-1203. Hà Nội : Nhà xuất bản Nông nghiệp.

MacKee, H.S. (1994). Catalogue des plantes introduites et cultivées en Nouvelle-Calédonie, ed. 2: 1-164. Museum national d'histoire naturelle, Paris.

Maliya, S.D. & Datt, B. (2010). A contribution to the flora of Katarniyaghat wildlife sanctuary, Baharaich district, Uttar Pradesh. Journal of Economic and Taxonomic Botany 34: 42-68.

Mao, A.A. & Dash, S.S. (2020). Flowering Plants of India an Annotated Checklist (Dicotyledons) 1: 1-970. Botanical Survey of India.

Meena, S.L. (2012). A checklist of the vascular plants of Banaskantha district, Gujarat, India. Nelumbo 54: 39-91.

Memon, R.A. & al. (2014). Illustrated weed flora of Cotton crop of Khairpur district, Sindh, Pakistan. Pakistn Journal of Botany 46: 5-12.

Mohlenbrock, R.H. (2014). Vascular Flora of Illinois. A Field Guide, ed. 4: 1-536. Southern Illinois University Press, Carbondale.

Nazimuddin, S. & Naqvi, S.S.H. (1984). Flora of Pakistan 154: 1-56. Department of Botany, University of Karachi, Karachi.

Newman, M., Ketphanh, S., Svengsuksa, B., Thomas, P., Sengdala, K., Lamxay, V. & Armstrong, K. (2007). A checklist of the vascular plants of Lao PDR: 1-394. Royal Botanic Gardens, Edinburgh.

Nurtjahya, E. & al. (2026). Flowering Plants of Bangka Island: Native and Introduced. Acta Botanica Hungarica 68: 127-156.

Peyre de Fabregues, B. & Lebrun, J.-P. (1976). Catalogue des Plantes Vascularies du Niger: 1-433. Institut d' Elevage et de Médecine Vétérinaire des Pays Tropicaux, Maisons Alfort.

Renner, S.S. & Pandey, A.K. (2013). The Cucurbitaceae of India: Accepted names, synonyms, geographic distribution, and information on images and DNA sequences. PhytoKeys 20: 53-118.

Sauerbier, H., Cabrera Calixto, F. & Muer, T. (2023). Flora Vascular de Canarias: 1-1514. Turquesa.

Schäfer, H. (2021). Flora of the Azores a field guide: 1-445. Margraf Publishers GmbH.

Shaheen, H., Qureshi, R., Akram, A., Gulfraz, M. & Potter, D. (2014). A preliminary floristic checklist of Thal desert Punjab, Pakistan. Pakistn Journal of Botany 46: 13-18.

Sikarwar, R.L.S. (2014). Angiosperm diversity assessment of Chitrakootthe legendary place of Vindhyan range, India. Journal of Economic and Taxonomic Botany 38: 563-619.

Sosef, M.S.M. & al. (eds.) (2021). Flore du Gabon 57: 1-173. Muséum National D'Histoire Naturelle, Paris; Margraf Publishers, Weikersheim; Meise Botanic Garden.

Stace, C. (2019). New Flora of the British Isles ed. 4: 1-1266. C & M Floristics.

Sykes, W.R. (2016). Flora of the Cook Islands: 1-973. National Tropical Botanical Garden, Hawaii.

Takhtajan, A.L. (ed.) in Takhtajan, A.L. (ed.) (2012). Konspekt Flora Kavkaza 3(2): 1-623. Editio Universitatis Petropolitanae.

Thulin, M. (ed.) (1993). Flora of Somalia 1: 1-493. The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Townsend, C.C. & Guest, E. (eds.) (1980). Flora of Iraq 4(1): 1-628. Ministry of Agriculture & Agrarian Reform, Baghdad.

Tutin, T.G. & al. (eds.) (1968). Flora Europaea 2: 1-469. Cambridge University Press.

Vangjeli, J. (2017). Flora Albania Atlas 1: 1-933. Koeltz Botanical Books.

Whistler, W.A. (2022). Flora of Samoa Flowering Plants: 1-930. National Tropical Botanicl Garden. Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History.

Wood, J.R.I. (1997). A handbook of the Yemen Flora: 1-434. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Wu, Z. & Raven, P.H. (eds.) (2011). Flora of China 19: 1-884. Science Press (Beijing) & Missouri Botanical Garden Press (St. Louis).

Yan, X.L. & Ma, J.S. (2011). Nomenclatural notes on alien invasive vascular plants in China. Plant Diversity and Resources 33: 132-142.

Zuloaga, F.O. & Belgrano, M.J. (eds.) (2017). Flora Argentina. Flora vascular de la República Argentina 17: 1-434. INTA, IMBIV & IBODA.

Zuloaga, F.O., Morrone, O. , Belgrano, M.J., Marticorena, C. & Marchesi, E. (eds.) (2008). Catálogo de las Plantas Vasculares del Cono Sur. Monographs in

Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 107: 1-3348. Missouri Botanical Garden.

de Wilde, W.J.J.O. & Duyfjes, B.B.E. (2010). Flora Malesiana 19: 1-342. Noordhoff-Kolff N.V., Djakarta.

VERNACULAR NAME

Arabic: بطيخ أصفر - شمام
Assamese: Gurmi
Australia: Rock melon
Bengali: খরমুজ Kharmuj
Chinese (simplified): 哈密瓜 - 甜瓜 - 香瓜
Chinese (traditional): 甜瓜
Czech: Meloun cukrový
Danish: Melon
Dutch: Meloen
English: Muskmelon, Melon, Rock melon, True melon, Musk melon, Cantaloupe, Luffa, Towel gourd, Honeydew, Sugar melon, Wild melon, Senat seed, Small gourd, Wild musk melon
Filipino: Milon, Itimon
Finnish: Meloni, Herkkumeloni
French: Melon
German: Melone, Zuckermelone
Gujarati: Kothimba, Kachari, Tarbucha
Hebrew: מלפפון משולש - קישוא משולש
Hindi: भकुरा - बिस्लाम्भी - जंगली इंद्रायण - खरबूज - कचरी - कचरिया - खरबूजा Bhakura, Bislambhi, Jangli indrayan, Kharbuj, Kachri, Kachariya, Kharbooza
Hungarian: Sárgadinnye
Indonesia: Melon,Kkerahi, Semangka londo
Italian: Melone
Japanese: メロン
Kannada: Ibbadalu, Ibbudlu, Kekkarike, Mekke, Dodda mekke, Budame, Budume, Minake, Kekkara, Haalumekke, Hirimekke, Hemmekke, Gavaakshi, Godumbe, Chitre
Khmer: ត្រាសាក់ ស្រ៊ូ Trâsâk sröö'w
Konkani: Chibdin
Korean: 참외
Láadan: Ozhi
Lao: Tèèng laay, Tèèng suk
Malayalam: Melon, Vellaikai
Malaysia: Bluwak
Marathi: Chibunda, Tarkaddi, Shinde, Chibood, Shendad
Mizo: Hma-zil
Norwegian: Melon
Palauan: Uri
PNG: Melon
Polish: Melon, Ogórek melon
Portuguese: Melão
Russian: Дыня
Sanskrit: Madhuphala, Vrittakarkatii
Slovak: Melón cukrový
Spanish: Melón
Swedish: Melon
Tamil: கட்டுதும்மாடி - சுக்கங்காய் - துமட்டிகை Kattuthummati, Sukkankaai, Thumattikai
Telugu: Kharbujados, Putchakaya, Adavi Puchcha, Kodibudama
Thai: แตงไทย - แตงลาย Taeng-thai, Taeng-lai
Turkish: Kavun, Şamama
Ukrainian: Диня посівна
United Kingdom: Melon
Urdu: خربوزہ Kharbooza

Aryo Bandoro
Dlium TheDlium
YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@Dlium