Genduru (Caryota mitis) is a plant species in Arecaceae, a tree-shaped palm, often living in clumps, trunk up to 15 meters high, up to 15 cm in diameter, hard bark, black and strong, when young it has ring-shaped fibers.
C. mitis has pinnate, double leaves and fin-shaped minor leaves. The leaves are up to 3 meters long, grow spreading and extending upwards and are shiny green. Minor leaves have a size of 7-20 cm, oblique, slightly tapered and serrated.
Inflorescences in panicles, branching and hanging. The bunches appear from beneath the leaves or out from the middle of the stem. The first inflorescence grows near the end of the stem and the other younger inflorescences grow under the stem regularly and successively.
Male flowers have a large number, 1 cm long, red with red dots. Sepals are wide, 8 petals and cup-shaped, many stamens with clumped stalks at the base of the flower. The female flowers bloom almost simultaneously and are purple to red-brown in color.
The fruit is round, red in color and turns purple or dark red or dark blue when ripe. The pulp is brittle and slightly stringy. Seeds are round. Genduru grows in lowland forests up to an altitude of 1300 m.
TAXON
Kingdom: Plantae
Phylum: Tracheophyta
Subphylum: Angiospermae
Class: Liliopsida
Order: Arecales
Family: Arecaceae
Subfamily: Coryphoideae
Tribe: Caryoteae
Genus: Caryota L. in Sp. Pl.: 1189 (1753)
Species: Caryota mitis Lour. in Fl. Cochinch.: 569 (1790)
HETEROTYPIC SYNONYMS
Caryota furfuracea Blume in C.F.P.von Martius, Hist. Nat. Palm. 3: 195 (1838)
Caryota griffithii Becc. in Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital. 3: 15 (1871)
Caryota griffithii var. selebica Becc. in Malesia 1: 75 (1877)
Caryota javanica Zipp. ex Miq. in Fl. Ned. Ind. 2: 41 (1856)
Caryota nana Linden in Ill. Hort. 28: 16 (1881)
Caryota plumosa Linden in Cat. Comp. Cont. Hortic. 1886: 8 (1886)
Caryota propinqua Blume (1838)
Caryota purpuracea G.Nicholson in Ill. Dict. Gard. 1: 274 (1884)
Caryota sobolifera Wall. ex Mart. in Hist. Nat. Palm. 3: 194 (1838)
Caryota speciosa Linden (1881)
Drymophloeus zippellii Hassk. in Tijdschr. Natuurl. Gesch. Physiol. 9: 170 (1842)
Thuessinkia speciosa Korth. in Fl. Ned. Ind. 3: 41 (1855)
PUBLICATIONS
Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & Strong, M.T. (2012). Catalogue of seed plants of the West Indies. Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 98: 1-1192.
Anh, T.T.P. & Henderson, A. (2017). Thực Vật Chí Việt Nam. Flora of Vietnam 13: 1-414. Nhà xuất bản khoa học và kỹ thuật, Hà Nội.
Barfod, A.S. & Dransfield, J. (2013). Flora of Thailand 11(3): 323-498. The Forest Herbarium, National Park, Wildlife and Plant Conservation Department, Bangkok.
Girmansyah, D. & al. (eds.) (2013). Flora of Bali an annotated checklist: 1-158. Herbarium Bogorensis, Indonesia.
Govaerts, R. & Dransfield, J. (2005). World Checklist of Palms: 1-223. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
Govaerts, R. (1999). World Checklist of Seed Plants 3(1, 2a & 2b): 1-1532. MIM, Deurne.
Henderson, A. (2009). Palms of Southern Asia: 1-197. Princeton university press, Princeton and Oxford.
Meyer, J.-Y., Lavergne, C. & Hodel, D.R. (2008). Time bombs in gardens: invasive ornamental palms in tropical islands, with emphasis on French Polynesia (Pacific Ocean) and the Mascarenes (Indian Ocean). Palms; Journal of the International Palm Society 52: 23-35.
National Parks Board Singapore (2006). Vascular Plant Life Checklist Pulau Ubin www.nparks.gov.sg/nparks_cms/cms/cmsmgr/data/6/PlantChkList.xls.
Nurtjahya, E. & al. (2026). Flowering Plants of Bangka Island: Native and Introduced. Acta Botanica Hungarica 68: 127-156.
Pasha, M.K. & Uddin, S.B. (2013). Dictionary of plant names of Bangladesh, Vasc. Pl.: 1-434. Janokalyan Prokashani, Chittagong, Bangladesh.
Powling, A. (2009). The palms of Buton, Indonesia, an island in Wallacea. Palms; Journal of the International Palm Society 53: 84-01.
Sharief, M.U. (ed.) (2024). Flora of India 28: 1-764. Botanical Survey of India.
Wu, Z. & Raven, P.H. (eds.) (2010). Flora of China 23: 1-515. Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis.
VERNACULAR NAME
Aceh: Bĕridin
Afrikaans: Boskasievisstertpalm
Arabic: قريوطة طرية
Batak: Andudur
Bugis: Panisi
Burmese: Minbaw
Central Kalimantan: Bulang talang, Bulang tĕlang
Chinese (simplified): 短穗鱼尾葵
Chinese (traditional): 叢立孔雀椰子 - 短穗魚尾葵
Czech: Palicha jemná
Dutch: Zachte Vinnetjespalm
English: Genduru, Burmese fishtail-palm, Clustering fishtail palm, Clustered fish-tail Palm , Fishtail palm
Filipino: Pugahang-suui, Barukan, Bato
Finnish: Burmaneväpalmu
German: Burmesische Fischschwanzpalme
Hebrew: דקל זנב-הדג - קריוטה נאה
Hungarian: Halfarokpálma
Indonesian: Sarai, Palem sarai, Genduru
Japanese: カブダチクジャクヤシ
Java: Gĕnduru
Khmer: ânnsaè tôch
Lao: Taw h'angz
Madura: Ghanduru
Malaysia: Dudok, merdin, rabuk
Melayu: Tukas
Palembang: Risi
Polish: Kariota łagodna
Russian: Кариота мягкая
Slovak: Pálivka jemná
Spanish: Palmera cola de pescado
Sundanese: Sarai, Sukawung leutik, Suwangkung leutik
Thai: เต่าร้างแดง
Aryo Bandoro
Dlium TheDlium
YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@Dlium