Jobang (Acmella ciliata)

Jobang (Acmella ciliata) is a species of plant in the Asteraceae, perennial herb, up to 50 cm tall, stems growing lying down or towering, dark red or green or purple in color, generally found wild in wet places, in the middle of rice fields and river banks with lots of sun.

A. ciliata has leaves ovate to broad, up to 8 cm long, up to 6 cm wide, has no hair or hair on both surfaces, flat or heart-shaped base, serrated edges, pointed tips and green.

Flowers are compound in a blunt conical head, grow at the terminal or in the axillary stem, solitary or 2-3 buds and are yellow in color. The flower has a stalk up to 16 cm long, 9-12 bandage leaves in 2 circles for a height of about 6 mm.

Jobang scatter their seeds or fruit with wind and animals, usually growing in open places close to water, pasture, land, roadsides and rocky soil. Also in rice fields in the highlands up to an altitude of 2200 m.

TAXON

Kingdom: Plantae
Phylum: Tracheophyta
Subphylum: Angiospermae
Class: Magnoliopsida
Order: Asterales
Family: Asteraceae
Subfamily: Asteroideae
Tribe: Heliantheae
Subtribe: Spilanthinae
Genus: Acmella Rich. ex Pers. in Syn. Pl. 2: 472 (1807)
Species: Acmella ciliata (Kunth) Cass. in G.-F.Cuvier, Dict. Sci. Nat., ed. 2. 24: 331 (1822)

HOMOTYPIC SYNONYMS

Ceratocephalus ciliatus (Kunth) Kuntze in Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 326 (1891)
Spilanthes ciliata Kunth in F.W.H.von Humboldt, A.J.A.Bonpland & C.S.Kunth, Nov. Gen. Sp., ed. fol., 4: 163 (1818)

HETEROTYPIC SYNONYMS

Acmella fimbriata (Kunth) Cass. in G.-F.Cuvier, Dict. Sci. Nat., ed. 2. 24: 331 (1822)
Ceratocephalus fimbriatus (Kunth) Kuntze in Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 326 (1891)
Ceratocephalus poeppigii Kuntze in Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 326 (1891)
Spilanthes fimbriata Kunth in F.W.H.von Humboldt, A.J.A.Bonpland & C.S.Kunth, Nov. Gen. Sp., ed. fol., 4: 163 (1818)
Spilanthes melampodioides Gardner in London J. Bot. 7: 407 (1848)
Spilanthes poeppigii DC. in Prodr. 5: 622 (1836)
Spilanthes popayanensis Hieron. in Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 28: 610 (1901)

PUBLICATIONS

Kiew, R. & al. (eds.) (2021). Malayan Forest Records 49: 1-403.

Pruski, J.F. (ed.) (2018). Flora Mesoamericana 5(2): 1-608. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, D.F.

Roskov Y. & al. (eds.) (2018). Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life Naturalis, Leiden, the Netherlands.

VERNACULAR NAME

Chinese (simplified): 天文草
Chinese (traditional): 天文草
English: Jobang
Hong Kong: 天文草
Indonesia: Jobang
Japanese: ヌマツルギクモドキ
Java: Jobang
Macao: 天文草
Portuguese: Jambu-mirim, Jambuzinho, Agrião-miúdo, Agrião
Russian: Акмелла реснитчатая
Taiwan: 天文草
Thai: ผักคราดป่า

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