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Broom grass (Thysanolaena latifolia)

Dlium Broom grass (Thysanolaena latifolia)

Broom grass (Thysanolaena latifolia) is a species of plant in Poaceae, grows perennial in clumps, upright stems and curves downward to lie down in the center, is green, grows on slopes, flowers in panicles are collected and used to make brooms.

T. latifolia lives chronically in clumps, stems erect, 200-400 cm high, hard, unbranched and curved. A solid and strong reed was not hollow. The ligula is a hairless membrane, 1-2 mm long and rompang.





The leaves are elongated, lanceolate-oblong like hides, sharp edges, stiff and crispy, 30-60 cm long, 3-7 cm wide, green, clearly visible cross-veins and a transverse stamp print in the middle.

The flowers are collected in large, open panicles at the tips of the stems, oval or ovate, 30-60 cm long and 15-30 cm wide. The main branches in each node, the axis has short hair, the lower part is free of spikelets, the lowest branches are up to 30 cm and the stalk is 2 mm. Single or paired spikelet and 1.5-1.8 mm. Kariopsis oblong and 0.5 mm.

Broom grass grows in semi-open areas, clustered or associated with clusters of trees or bamboo forests on hilly slopes, cliffs and furrows, between rocks, shrubs, forest edges, grasslands, river banks at an altitude of 300-2000 meters.

TAXON

Kingdom: Plantae
Phylum: Tracheophyta
Subphylum: Angiospermae
Class: Liliopsida
Order: Poales
Family: Poaceae
Subfamily: Panicoideae
Tribe: Thysanolaeneae
Genus: Thysanolaena Nees in Edinburgh New Philos. J. 18: 180 (1835)
Species: Thysanolaena latifolia (Roxb. ex Hornem.) Honda in J. Fac. Sci. Univ.
Tokyo, Sect. 3, Bot. 3: 312 (1930)

HOMOTYPIC SYNONYMS

Melica latifolia Roxb. ex Hornem. in Suppl. Hort. Bot. Hafn.: 117 (1819)
Neyraudia acarifera (Roxb. ex Hornem.) Conert in Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 78: 240 (1959)
Panicum acariferum Trin. in Sp. Gram. 1: t. 87 (1827)
Thysanolaena acarifera Arn. & Nees in C.G.D.Nees von Esenbeck, Gramineae: 49 (1841)

HETEROTYPIC SYNONYMS

Agrostis maxima Roxb. in Fl. Ind. 1: 319 (1820)
Arundo minutiflora Brongn. in L.I.Duperrey, Voy. Monde, Phan.: 29 (1829)
Myriachaeta arundinacea Zoll. & Moritzi in H.Zollinger, Syst. Verz. Ind. Archip. 2: 101 (1854)
Myriachaeta glauca Moritzi ex Steud. in Syn. Pl. Glumac. 1: 404 (1854)
Sporobolus gigas (Steud.) Miq. in Fl. Ned. Ind. 3: 376 (1857)
Sporobolus scoparius J.Presl in C.B.Presl, Reliq. Haenk. 1: 243 (1830)
Thysanolaena agrostis Nees in Edinburgh New Philos. J. 18: 180 (1835)
Thysanolaena assamensis Gand. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France 66: 303 (1919 publ. 1920)
Thysanolaena birmanica Gand. (1919 publ. 1920)
Thysanolaena malaccensis Gand. (1919 publ. 1920)
Thysanolaena maxima (Roxb.) Kuntze in Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 784 (1891)
Thysanolaena sikkimensis Gand. (1919 publ. 1920)
Vilfa gigas Steud. (1854)
Vilfa scoparia (J.Presl) Steud. in Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2. 2: 768 (1841)

PUBLICATIONS

Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & Strong, M.T. (2012). Catalogue of seed plants of the West Indies. Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 98: 1-1192.

Baksh-Comeau, Y., Maharaj, S.S., Adams, C.D., Harris, S.A., Filer, D.L. & Hawthorne, W.D. (2016). An annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Trinidad and Tobago with analysis of vegetation types and botanical 'hotspots'. Phytotaxa 250: 1-431.

Bosser, J. & Renvoize, S.A. (2018). Flore des Mascareignes 203: 1-276. IRD Éditions, MSIRI, RBG-Kew, Paris.

Clayton, W.D. & Snow, N. (2010). A key to Pacific Grasses: 1-107. Kew Publishing, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Clayton, W.D., Harman, K.T. & Williamson, H. (2006). World Grass Species - Synonymy database The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Flora of North America Editorial Committee (2003). Flora of North America North of Mexico 25: 1-781. Oxford University Press, New York, Oxford.

Frohlich, D. & Lau, A. (2014). New plant records for the Hawaiian islands 2012-2013. Bishop Museum Occasional Papers 115: 7-17.

Kandwal, M.K. & Gupta, B.K. (2009). An update on grass flora of Uttarkhand. Indian Journal of Forestry 32: 657-668.

Karthikeyan, S., Jain, S.K., Nayar, M.P. & Sanjappa, M. (1989). Florae Indicae Enumeratio: Monocotyledonae: 1-435. Botanical Survey of India, Calcutta.

Menjívar Cruz, J.E., R.M. Baldini, G. Davidse & P.M. Peterson (2021). El Salvador grasses: An updated catalogue and nomenclator. Phytoneuron 2021-22: 1-131.

Middleton, D.J. & al. (eds.) (2019). Flora of Singapore 7: 1-525. Singapore Botanic Gardens.

Newman, M., Ketphanh, S., Svengsuksa, B., Thomas, P., Sengdala, K., Lamxay, V. & Armstrong, K. (2007). A checklist of the vascular plants of Lao PDR: 1-394. Royal Botanic Gardens, Edinburgh.

Noltie, H.J. (2000). Flora of Bhutan 3(2): 457-883. Royal Botanic Gardens, Edinburgh.

Turner, I.M. (1995 publ. 1997). A catalogue of the Vascular Plants of Malaya. Gardens' Bulletin Singapore 47(2): 347-655.

Wu, Z. & Raven, P.H. (eds.) (2006). Poaceae. Flora of China 22: 1-733. Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis.

VERNACULAR NAME

Chinese (Simplified): 棕叶芦 - 粽叶芦
Chinese (Traditional): 棕葉蘆
English: Broom Grass, Nepalese Broom Grass
Indonesian: Rumput sapu
Japanese: ヤダケガヤ

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