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East Indian globe thistle (Sphaeranthus indicus)

Dlium East Indian globe thistle (Sphaeranthus indicus)

Gorakhmundi or gorakh mundi or mundi buti ka phool or mundi booti ka phool or sembung delan or East Indian globe thistle (Sphaeranthus indicus) is a species of plant in Asteroideae, a perennial, multi-branched, strong fragrance with erect stems, winged and toothed wings, growing wild in rice fields forming colonies, dense open rugs in the tropics.

S. indicus has alternating sitting leaves, oval, narrow at the base, toothed and serrated, 1-3 cm long and green. Leaves 2-7 cm long, 1-3 wide, broad and deep wings, continuing into a large bone in the center of the leaf to a sharp tip and several lateral veins.





The flower is round, grows at the tip, has a large and long stalk, is purple in color, 8-15 mm in size, consists of many tiny flowers, green or red or purple and has pale purple stamens. Head ovate-ellipsoid and 12-15 mm long. Phyllaries are white and have purple crest.

Female flowers have a corolla tube 2-2.5 mm long. The bisexual flowers are 2.3-3 mm long and the hardened part of the basal extends a lot. Achenes with straight, eglandular hair.

This species is widely used in the Ayurvedic system of medicine in a variety of conditions. This plant herb is hot.

TAXON

Kingdom: Plantae
Phylum: Tracheophyta
Subphylum: Angiospermae
Class: Magnoliopsida
Order: Asterales
Family: Asteraceae
Subfamily: Asteroideae
Tribe: Inuleae
Subtribe: Plucheinae
Genus: Sphaeranthus L. in Sp. Pl.: 927 (1753)
Species: Sphaeranthus indicus L. in Sp. Pl.: 927 (1753)

HOMOTYPIC SYNONYMS

Oligolepis indicus (L.) Cass. ex Steud. in Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 2: 210 (1841)

HETEROTYPIC SYNONYMS

Sphaeranthus hirtus Willd. in Sp. Pl., ed. 4. 3: 2395 (1803)
Sphaeranthus mollis Roxb. in Fl. Ind., ed. 1832. 3: 446 (1832)

PUBLICATIONS

Balkrishna, A. (2018). Flora of Morni Hills (Research & Possibilities): 1-581. Divya Yoga Mandir Trust.

Chou, S., Chhnang, P. & Kim, Y. (2016). A Checklist for the Seed Plants of Cambodia: 1-272. National Institute of Biological Resources, Korea.

Kotiya, A., Solanki, Y. & Reddy, G.V. (2020). Flora of Rajasthan: 1-769. Rajasthan state biodiversity board.

Koyama, H., Bunwong, S., Pornpongrungrueng, P. & Hind, D.J.N. (2016). Flora of Thailand 13(2): 143-428. The Forest Herbarium, Royal Forest Department.

Mao, A.A. & Dash, S.S. (2020). Flowering Plants of India an Annotated Checklist (Dicotyledons) 1: 1-970. Botanical Survey of India.

Rajbhandari, K.R., Rai, S.K. & Chhetri, R. (2024). A Handbook of the Flowering Plants of Nepal 5: 1-432. Department of Plant Resources, Thapathali, Kathmandu, Nepal.

Wu, Z. & Raven, P.H. (eds.) (2011). Asteraceae. Flora of China 20-21: 1-992. Science Press (Beijing) & Missouri Botanical Garden Press (St. Louis).

VERNACULAR NAME

Bengali: মুরমুরিয়া Murmuriya
English: East Indian globe thistle, Globe thistle, Sembung Delan
Gujarati: Gorakhmundi
Hindi: गोरखमुंडी - मुंडी - छागुल-नुडी Gorakhmundi, Mundi, Chhagul-nudi
Indonesian: Sembung Delan
Java: Sembung Delan
Kannada: Bozhatara, Bolatara, Mundi, Karanjike, Nelagadava, Nelagadavu, Bodu-kadale, Gadde karande, Moodugattina gida
Konkani: Gorakhmundi
Malayalam: Mirangani, Adakkamanian, Adaykamanian, Adakkyamaniyan, Mangachedim Meeranganni, Mundari-Mundi
Marathi: Gorakhmundi, Mundi, Khadakshepu, Nai, Naya
Nepali: Gorakh Mundi, Supaare Jhaar
Oria: Buikadam, Bhuin kadamba, Boka shungi, Poka sungo, Gurak mundi, Hata mundi, Hala mundi, Mundika, Gudur kucha, Murisa
Oriya: Buikadam
Pashto: کامداریوس Kamdaryos
Sanskrit: Mahamundi, Mundi, Tapasvini, Palankasha
Santal: Belaunja
Sinhala: සිවකරන්තායි Sivakarantāyi
Tamil: சிவகரந்தை - கோட்டை கரந்தை - விசுணுக்கரந்தை - கோட்டை-க்-கரந்தை - உத்தரிமுற்றிப்பன் - விசுணு-கரந்தை - மொட்டை பாப்பாத்தி Sivakarantai, Kottai Karantai, Visnukkarantai, Kottai-k-karantai, Utharrimurrippan, Visnu-karantai, Mottai pappaatthi
Telugu: Boddatarapu, Boda-taramu, Sravani, Bodda tarupu, Bodda soramu
Undari: Mundi
Urdu: گل منڈی Gul mundi, کامداریوس Kamdaryus

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