Skip to main content

Coconut palm (Cocos nucifera)

Kelapa or coconut palm (Cocos nucifera) is a species of plant in Arecaceae, a single member in Cocos, a tree with a height of up to 30 meters, large leaves, large fruit with inner flesh as a food source, used in almost all parts and is considered a versatile plant, especially for coastal communities.

C. nucifera has a single stem or is sometimes branched. Fiber roots, thick and woody, clustered to form weevils, adaptive to coastal sandy land. The trunk is segmented but when it is old it is not very visible, it is typical of the monocot type with spreading and woody vessels.

Dlium Coconut palm (Cocos nucifera)


A single leaf has a large and strong stem, has pinnate, green or yellow or brown in color, deeply incised and looks like a compound leaf, grows alternately upward, piled up and leaves a mark on the stem.

The flowers are compounded in a series protected by bractea. Male and female flowers, green or yellow or brown, female flowers at the base of the panicle and male flowers far from the base.

Large fruit, 10-20 cm in diameter or even more, yellow or green or brown in color. The fruit is composed of mesocarp in the form of berlignin fibers to protect the hard and water-resistant endocarp. The endocarp protects the seeds which are only protected by a membrane attached to the inner side.

Endospermium is a liquid that contains many enzymes and the solid phase is a sediment that settles on the endocarp wall over time. The embryo is small and only enlarges when the fruit is ready to germinate.





Coconut palms grow on the beach with an elevation of 0-450 meters, can grow up to 1000 meters, but as the elevation increases, the growth will slow down. Rainfall 1300-2300 mm / year, sunshine more than 120 hours / month, temperature 20-27C and humidity 70-80%.

Soils are diverse including alluvial, volcanic, laterite, sandy, clay and rocky soils. It grows well at a pH of 5-8, the soil water content must be the same as the evapotranspiration rate, the soil solum depth is at least 80-100 cm and flat land with a slope of 0-3%.

Kelapa is a multipurpose tree for tropical societies. All parts are used by humans. Wood from logs for wood of medium quality and can be used as planks for houses. Dry leaves for roofs of houses, young leaves for plaiting materials. Minor petiole collected together for the broom.

Bunches of young flowers for decoration in wedding ceremonies with certain symbols. Female flowers or young fruit are eaten. The sweet liquid that comes out of the flower stalks is drunk as a refreshing drink, processed into coconut sugar and fermented into tuak.

Mesocarp in the form of coarse fibers is traded as fuel, seat filler, rope matting, mats and planting medium for orchids. Endocarp or shell for fuel, substitute for scoop, beverage and food containers, raw materials for various handicrafts.

Endosperm, which is a liquid and a sediment that sticks to the inner wall of the shell, is a popular source of refreshment. White and soft young flesh is usually served as a mixture of cold drinks. Liquids containing various enzymes are served for fresh drinks and have detoxifying properties.

The old white and hardened flesh is squeezed for coconut milk, dried as copra for making oil and its derivatives, flavor enhancing ingredients in meat dishes and hair loss remedy. Liquid for refreshment and nata de coco.

Kingdom: Plantae
Phylum: Tracheophyta
Subphylum: Angiospermae
Class: Liliopsida
Order: Arecales
Family: Arecaceae
Subfamily: Arecoideae
Tribe: Cocoseae
Genus: Cocos
Species: Cocos nucifera Varieties: Cocos nucifera var. nucifera, Cocos nucifera var. gading
Labels:

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular

Salak (Salacca zalacca)

Salak or snake fruit ( Salacca zalacca ) is a species of palm plant in Arecaceae, dioesis, shrubs and not trunked, has many thorns, many shoots, grows into dense and strong clumps, spreads below or above the ground, often branching and 10-15 cm diameter. S. zalacca has compound leaves, pinnate and 3-7 m long. Petiole, midrib and sapling have many long thorns, thin spines and a blackish-gray color. Minor leaves have a lanceolate shape, a pointed tip, 8x85 cm and a white underside by a waxy coating. The flowers in the cob are compound, appear in the armpit of the leaf, stem, initially covered by a sheath then dry and break down like fibers. Male flowers 50-100 cm long, 4-12 cylindrical items, 7-15 cm long, reddish in the armpits of tightly arranged scales. Female flowers 20-30 cm long, stemmed long and 1-3 items. The fruit has scaly skin, is eaten and is known as a table fruit, triangular shaped rather rounded or inverted ovoid, pointed at the base and rounded at the tip, 2.5-10
1 comment
Read more

Redflower ragleaf (Crassocephalum crepidioides)

Sintrong or ebolo or thickhead or redflower ragleaf ( Crassocephalum crepidioides ) are plant species in Asteraceae, terma height 25-100 cm, white fibrous roots, generally grow wild on the roadside, yard gardens or abandoned lands at altitude 200- 2500 m. C. crepidioides has erect or horizontal stems along the soil surface, vascular, soft, non-woody, shallow grooves, green, rough surface and short white hair, aromatic fragrance when squeezed. Petiole is spread on stems, tubular and eared. Single leaf, spread out, green, 8-20 cm long, 3-6 cm wide, longitudinal or round inverted eggshell with a narrow base along the stalk. Pointed tip, flat-edged or curved to pinnate, jagged rough and pointed. The top leaves are smaller and often sit. Compound flowers grow throughout the year in humps that are arranged in terminal flat panicles and androgynous. Green cuffs with orange-brown to brick-red tips, cylindrical for 13-16 mm long and 5-6 mm wide. The crown is yellow with a brownish red
1 comment
Read more

Guinea grass (Panicum maximum)

Guinea grass or buffalo grass or green panic ( Panicum maximum ) is a plant species in Poaceae, annual grasses, growing upright to form clumps, strong, cultivated in all tropical and subtropical regions for very high value as fodder. P. maximum reproduces in very large pols, fibrous roots penetrate into the soil, upright stems, green, 1-1.5 m tall and have smooth cavities for diameters up to 2.5 mm. Propagation is done vegetatively and generatively. Ribbon-shaped leaves with a pointed tip, very many, built in lines, green, 40-105 cm long, 10-30 mm wide, erect, branched, a white linear bone, often covered with a layer of white wax, rough surface by hair short, dense and spread. The flower grows at the end of a long and upright stalk, open with the main axis length to more than 25 cm and the length of the bunches down to 20 cm. Grains have a size of 3x4 mm and oval. Seeds have a length of 2.25-2.50 mm and each 1 kg contains 1.2 - 1.5 million seeds. Guinea grass has two varieties. P
Post a Comment
Read more