Lamtoro or white leadtree (Leucaena leucocephala) is a plant species in Fabaceae, a shrub with compound leaves, compound flowers, pods, adaptable, quickly wild in various tropical areas and is often used in greening land or preventing erosion and fodder.
L. leucocephala has a height of up to 20 m, although most are only about 2-10 m. Low and numerous branches with brown or grayish bark, rash and lenticels. The twigs are round thoracic with tight hair ends.
The leaves are compound and pinnate with 3-10 pairs and mostly with glands on the shaft just before the base of the lower fin. Leaves are small and triangular in shape. The leaves on each fin are 5-20 pairs, opposite, 6-16 mm long, 1-2 mm wide, tapered tip and oblique base, unequal, smooth hairy surface and frayed edges.
A compound flower in the form of a long-stemmed hump that collects in panicles and contains 2-6 nodes. Each head is composed of 100-180 buds that form a white or yellowish ball, 12-21 mm in diameter and 2-5 cm long. Flowers are small, bell-shaped tube petals, short-toothed and 3 mm. The crown is in the shape of a solet and 5 mm. Benangsari is 10 strands and 1 cm.
The pods are straight ribbons, flat and thin, 14-26 cm long, 2 cm wide, gaps between the seeds, green and finally greenish brown or dark brown when ripe and dry to open themselves. The fruit contains 15-30 seeds, transverse, oval-shaped breech or round egg inverted, green in color and shiny dark brown ends, 6-10 mm long and 3-4.5 mm wide.
This tree is used as food, paper material, shade, erosion prevention, living fence, firebreaks, windbreaks, green belts, a source of firewood, fodder and green manure. Wood has a calorific value of 19,250 kJ/kg, burns slowly and produces little smoke and ash. Very good quality charcoal with a calorific value of 48,400 kJ/kg. Wood produces 50-52% pulp with low lignin content and 1.1-1.3 mm long fibers, which is a good quality paper.
Wood has a density of 500–600 kg/m³ and a wet wood moisture content of 30-50%. Easy to dry with good results. Heartwood is reddish brown or golden brown, medium textured, hard and strong as wood for tools, furniture, poles and floor coverings. Wood is not resistant to termite attack and rots quickly when used outdoors.
Young leaves and twigs are animal feed and a good source of protein. These leaves have a digestibility rate of 60-70% in ruminants, the highest among legumes and other tropical forages.
The leaves, flower buds and young pods are eaten raw or cooked first. Old beans are roasted as a substitute for coffee. Young fruit and old seeds, but not yet black, are usually used as a mixture of vegetables. Seeds are also processed to be a substitute for soybeans with almost the same nutrition. The carbohydrates contained in reducing sugars are 164.29 mg/g and starch is 179.50 mg/g. Protein 208.56 mg/g and fat 80.86 mg/g.
TAXON
Kingdom: Plantae
Phylum: Tracheophyta
Subphylum: Angiospermae
Class: Magnoliopsida
Order: Fabales
Family: Fabaceae
Subfamily: Mimosoideae
Tribe: Mimoseae
Genus: Leucaena Benth. in J. Bot. (Hooker) 4: 416 (1842)
Species: Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit in Taxon 10: 54 (1961)
Subspecies: Leucaena leucocephala subsp. glabrata (Rose) Zárate, Leucaena leucocephala subsp. ixtahuacana C.E.Hughes, Leucaena leucocephala subsp. leucocephala
HOMOTYPIC SYNONYMS
Acacia leucocephala (Lam.) F.Dietr. in Nachtr. Vollst. Lex. Gärtn. 1: 21 (1815)
Mimosa leucocephala Lam. in Encycl. 1: 12 (1783)
PUBLICATIONS
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VERNACULAR NAME
Afrikaans: Leucaena, Reuse wattel, Reusewattel, Stuipboom
Albay: Palo Maria
Arabic: شجرة الرصاص البيضاء - شجيرة القهوة
Argentina: Guaje
Bengali: সুবাবুল Subabul
Bikol: Palo Maria
Bolivia: Chamba
Catalan: Aromer blanc
Chamorro: Tangantangan
Chinese (simplified): 银合欢
Chinese (traditional): 銀合歡
Danish: Vild tamarinde
Dominican Republic: Lino criollo Spanish
English: River tamarind, White leadtree, Coffee Bush, White Popinac, Wild Tamarind, White popinac, Horse tamarind, Tan-tan
Estonian: Harilik leukeena
Filipino: Ipil-ipil, Elena, Palo-maria, Kariskis
Finnish: lyijypuu
French: Faux-Mimosa, Mimosa blanc, Monval, Cassi
German: Weißkopfmimose
Gujarati: સુબાવળ
Hawaiian: Koa haole, Ekoa
Hebrew: צחר כחלחל
Hindi: सुबाबूल Subabool, सफेद बबूल Safed babool, कूबाबुल Koobabul, कुबाबुल Kubabul
Indonesian: Lamtoro, Petai cina, Kemlandingan, Petai selong
Japanese: ギンネム - ギンゴウカン
Java: Mlamding, Temboro, Kemlandingan, Mètir, Lamtoro. Lamtoro gung
Lao: ກະຖິນ Kathin
Lithuanian: Tikroji baltva
Madura: Kalandhingan, Lantoro
Malagasy: Bonaramantsina
Malayalam: Ippilippil, Subaul
Malaysia: Lamtoro, Petai belalang, Ipil-ipil
Manipuri: Chigong Lei Angouba
Marathi: Kubabhul
Melayu: Petai belalang, Petai jawa
Nepali: सेतो बाबुल Seto Babul
Oceania: Lamandro, Kunai
Oria: Nagarjun, Rajokasundiri
Palauan: Telengtungd
PNG: Lamandro
Portuguese: Leucena
Russian: Леуцена светлоголовчатая
Slovak: Leucéna bielohlavá
Spanish: Leucaena, Tepeguaje dormilón, Guaje, Lino criollo
Sunda: Malanding, Pĕlĕnding, Peuteuy sélong
Tagalog: Ipil-ipil
Tamil: நாட்டுக் காவிந்தல் Naattu Cauvindal
Telugu: Kainti, Kantisubabul
Thai: กระถิน - กระถินยักษ์ - ตนผักกระถิน
Turkish: Ada Mimozası
Ukrainian: Левкена білоголова
Vietnam: Bo chet
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