Coralbush (Jatropha multifida) is a plant species in Euphorbiaceae, a shrub with gummy stems, grows wild in forests and agricultural land, is widely used as an ornamental plant and has medicinal properties used to treat wounds as an anti-infection.
J. multifida grows up to 3 meters, stems erect, thick, has branches, the surface has traces of stalk marks, green bark when young and dark brown bark, thin with a green inner layer when old.
The leaves have long, tubular stalks, are green or yellow in color and grow piled at the top of the stem arranged in a circle. The petiole ends at a leaf that extends to form an umbrella.
The leaf blade consists of 7-11 fingers formed by a bone in the center with several lateral veins. The fingers have a large tooth on the side or not, a pointed tip, the upper surface is dark green, the lower surface is light green.
The flowers grow in panicles at the end of the stem, have long and erect stalks. The flowers are branched and red with yellow tips. The fruit, growing in the center of the flower, is round with several angles, is green and ripe is bright yellow in color.
TAXON
Kingdom: Plantae
Phylum: Tracheophyta
Subphylum: Angiospermae
Class: Magnoliopsida
Order: Malpighiales
Family: Euphorbiaceae
Subfamily: Crotonoideae
Tribe: Jatropheae
Genus: Jatropha L. in Sp. Pl.: 1006 (1753)
Species: Jatropha multifida L. in Sp. Pl.: 1006 (1753)
HOMOTYPIC SYNONYMS
Adenoropium multifidum (L.) Pohl in Pl. Bras. Icon. Descr. 1: 16 (1826)
Manihot multifida (L.) Crantz in Inst. Rei Herb. 1: 167 (1766)
HETEROTYPIC SYNONYMS
Jatropha janipha Blanco in Fl. Filip.: 758 (1837)
PUBLICATIONS
Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & Strong, M.T. (2012). Catalogue of seed plants of the West Indies. Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 98: 1-1192.
Balakrishnan, N.P. & Chakrabarty, T. (2007). The family Euphorbiaceae in India. A synopsis of its profile, taxonomy and bibliography: 1-500. Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Dehra Dun.
Bernal, R., Gradstein, R.S. & Celis, M. (eds.) (2016). Catálogo de plantas y líquenes de Colombia 1-2: 1-3068. Libro impreso.
Brunel, J.F., Hiepo, P. & Scholz, H. (eds.) (1984). Flore Analytique du Togo Phanérogames: 1-751. GTZ, Eschborn.
Chakrabarty, T. & Balakrishnan, N.P. (2009). The family Euphorbiaceae in Sikkim state, India. Journal of Economic and Taxonomic Botany 33: 483-539.
Cirilo, N. & Proctor, G.R. (1994). Vascular plants of the Caribbean Swan islands of Honduras. Brenesia 41-42: 73-80.
Dehgan, B. (2012). Flora Neotropica, Monograph 110: 1-273.
Dy Phon, P. (2000). Dictionnaire des plantes utilisées au Cambodge: 1-915. Chez l'auteur, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
Evenhuis, N.L. & Eldredge, L.G. (eds.) (2012). Records of the Hawaii biological survey for 2011. Part II: plants. Bishop Museum Occasional Papers 113: 1-102.
Figueiredo, E. & Smith, G.F. (2008). Plants of Angola. Strelitzia 22: 1-279. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
Figueiredo, E., Paiva, J., Stévart, T., Oliveira, F. & Smith, G.F. (2011). Annotated catalogue of the flowering plants of São Tomé and Príncipe. Bothalia 41: 41-82.
Flora of North America Editorial Committee (2016). Flora of North America North of Mexico 12: 1-603. Oxford University Press, New York, Oxford.
Florence, J. (1997). Flore de la Polynésie Française 1: 1-393. ORSTOM éditions, Paris.
Gosline, G., Bidault, E., van der Burgt, X., Cahen, D., Challen, G., Condé, N., Couch, C., Couvreur, T.L.P., Dagallier, L.M.J., Darbyshire, I., Dawson, S., Doré, T.S., Goyder, D., Grall, A., Haba, P., Haba, P., Harris, D., Hind, D.J.N., Jongkind, & al. (2023). A Taxonomically-verified and Vouchered Checklist of the Vascular Plants of the Republic of Guinea. Nature, scientific data 10, Article number: 327: [1]-[12].
Govaerts, R., Frodin, D.G. & Radcliffe-Smith, A. (2000). World Checklist and Bibliography of Euphorbiaceae (and Pandaceae) 1-4: 1-1622. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
Hokche, O., Berry, P.E. & Huber, O. (eds.) (2008). Nuevo Catálogo de la Flora Vascular de Venezuela: 1-859. Fundación Instituto Botánico de Venezuela.
Jones, M. (1991). A checklist of Gambian plants: 1-33. Michael Jones, The Gambia College.
Jørgensen, P.M., Nee, M.H. & Beck., S.G. (eds.) (2013). Catálogo de las plantas vasculares de Bolivia. Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 127: 1-1741. Missouri Botanical Garden.
Karthigeyan, K., Pandey, R.P. & Mao, A.A. (eds.) (2023). Flora of Andaman and Nicobar Islands 2: 1-689. Botanical Survey of India. Ministry of environment, forest and climate change.
Lisowski, S. (2009). Flore (Angiospermes) de la République de Guinée. Scripta Botanica Belgica 41: 1-517.
Pasha, M.K. & Uddin, S.B. (2013). Dictionary of plant names of Bangladesh, Vasc. Pl.: 1-434. Janokalyan Prokashani, Chittagong, Bangladesh.
Plunkett, G.M., Ranker, T.A., Sam, C. & Balick, M.J. (2022). Towards a checklist of the vascular flora of Vanuatu. Candollea 77: 105-118.
Stevens, W.D., Ulloa U., C., Pool, A. & Montiel, O.M. (2001). Flora de Nicaragua. Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 85: i-xlii, 1-2666. Missouri Botanical Garden.
Wu, Z.Y., Raven, P.H. & Hong, D.Y. (eds.) (2008). Flora of China 11: 1-622. Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis.
van Welzen, P.C. & Chayamarit, K. (2007). Flora of Thailand 8(2): 305-592. The Forest Herbarium, National Park, Wildlife and Plant Conservation Department, Bangkok.
VERNACULAR NAME
Afrikaans: Koraalbos
Bali: Jarak dokter
Bengkulu: Pohon yodium
Burmese: သန္တာချုံပင်
Chinese (simplified): 红珊瑚
Chinese (traditional): 細裂珊瑚油桐
Czech: Dávivec mnohodílný
Danish: Almindelig purgernød
English: Coralbush, coral plant, Physic nut
Finnish: Korallijatropa
French: Sept branches du dragon
Hebrew: יטרופית מחולקת
Hindi: Churakkalli
Indonesian: Jarak tintir, Tanaman Yodium, Daun betadin, Daun pinisilin, Daun betadin, Jarak dokter, Jarak cina
Japanese: モミジバアブラギリ
Java: Jarak tingkir, Jarak cina
Khmer: គុម្ពឈើផ្កាថ្ម
Lao: ພຸ່ມໄມ້ປະກາລັງ
Lithuanian: Skiltėtasis braivėlis
Malayalam: Churakkalli
Portuguese: Mertiolate
Russian: Ятрофа ветвистая
Slovak: Jatrofa mnohozárezová
Spanish: Planta de coral, Tartago emético, Peregrina
Sunda: Jarak gurita Ternate: Balacai batai
Thai: ฝิ่นต้น
Vietnam: Bụi san hô
Aryo Bandoro
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