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Sangkir (Homonoia riparia)

Dlium Sangkir (Homonoia riparia)

Sangkir (Homonoia riparia) is a species of plant in Euphorbiaceae, a woody shrub, growing in a clump to form a colony over a wide area, stems slightly sideways, up to 2 meters high, growing on river banks with slopes of flood sediment or limestone soil.

H. riparia grows in clumps with tens of upright or sloping stems up to 2 meters high. The old bark has a dark brown color, rough and white dots. Young stem bark at the end has a green or brownish red color.



The leaves have short stalks that grow along the stem. Leaves have an elongated shape, pointed tip, flat surface, generally flat margins, a bone in the center with several sideways veins, green upper surface, lighter lower surface.

The flowers in panicles are lined up on a long stalk, yellowish white. Dozens of fruit grow in panicles lined up on a long, imperfectly round, dark brown and rough surface.

TAXON

Kingdom: Plantae
Phylum: Tracheophyta
Subphylum: Angiospermae
Class: Magnoliopsida
Order: Malpighiales
Family: Euphorbiaceae
Subfamily: Acalyphoideae
Tribe: Acalypheae
Subtribe: Lasiococcinae
Genus: Homonoia Lour. in Fl. Cochinch.: 636 (1790)
Species: Homonoia riparia Lour. in Fl. Cochinch.: 637 (1790)

HETEROTYPIC SYNONYMS

Adelia neriifolia B.Heyne ex Roth in Nov. Pl. Sp.: 375 (1821)
Croton salicifolius Geiseler in Croton. Monogr.: 6 (1807)
Haematospermum neriifolium (B.Heyne ex Roth) Wall. ex Voigt in Hort. Suburb. Calcutt.: 157 (1845)
Haematospermum salicinum (Hassk.) Baill. in Étude Euphorb.: 293 (1858)
Lumanaja juviatilis Blanco in Fl. Filip.: 821 (1837)
Ricinus salicinus Hassk. in Tijdschr. Ned.-Indië 10: 142 (1843)
Spathiostemon salicinus (Hassk.) Hassk. in Hort. Bogor. Descr.: 41 (1858)
Spathiostemon salicinus var. angustifolius Miq. in Fl. Ned. Ind., Eerste Bijv.: 452 (1861)

PUBLICATIONS

Balakrishnan, N.P. & Chakrabarty, T. (2007). The family Euphorbiaceae in India. A synopsis of its profile, taxonomy and bibliography: 1-500. Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Dehra Dun.

Govaerts, R., Frodin, D.G. & Radcliffe-Smith, A. (2000). World Checklist and Bibliography of Euphorbiaceae (and Pandaceae) 1-4: 1-1622. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Karthigeyan, K., Pandey, R.P. & Mao, A.A. (eds.) (2023). Flora of Andaman and Nicobar Islands 2: 1-689. Botanical Survey of India. Ministry of environment, forest and climate change.

Pasha, M.K. & Uddin, S.B. (2013). Dictionary of plant names of Bangladesh, Vasc. Pl.: 1-434. Janokalyan Prokashani, Chittagong, Bangladesh.

Wu, Z.Y., Raven, P.H. & Hong, D.Y. (eds.) (2008). Flora of China 11: 1-622. Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis.

van Welzen, P.C. & Chayamarit, K. (2007). Flora of Thailand 8(2): 305-592. The Forest Herbarium, National Park, Wildlife and Plant Conservation Department, Bangkok.

VERNACULAR NAME

Assamese: Hil-kadam, Shil kadam, Tuipui-sulhla, Laari, Paanee helash, Taakit-aashing
Bengali: সাংকির Sāṅkira
Borneo: Bongai tidong, Parang-parang
Burmese: ဆန်ကီရ်
English: Sangkir, Willow-Leaved Water Croton
Gujarati: Chandri
Hindi: शेरनी - जलबेंट Sherni, Jalbent
Indonesia: Sangkir, Sangka
Java: Kajoe soebah, Keding djati, Soebah, Sobah
Kannada: Hole nage, Niru kanigalu, Nirganagalu, Narganagile, Sannapaashanabeda
Khasi: Jalangmynrei
Khmer: រី តាក់
Laos: ເຄັກຄາຍ
Malayalam: Neervanchi, Puzhavanchi, Attuvanchi, Kattalari, Pulavanchi, Athalangi, Kadallari
Marathi: Raan kaner, Sherni, Sarni
Mizo: Tuipuisuthlah
Nepali: सांग्किर Sāṅgkira
Oriya: Thotthori, jamila
Philippines: Agooi, Agoioi, Agukuk
Riau: Sangkir, Sangka
Sanskrit: Jalavetasa, Jalaveetasah, Vetasah, Kshudrapashanabheda, Plihapusha, Plihashatru, Jalaveetasah
Sinhala: වේරවල - ඕමි Werawala, Omi
Tamil: கட்டலரி - ஆத்து இஞ்சி Kattalari, Aathu Inji
Telugu: Adavi ganneru, Taninki, Siridamanu, Tniki chettu
Thailand: ไคลฮิน - ไมเคไร
Tulu: Tudenekki
Vietnam: Cây rù rì nước, Rì rì, Rù rì

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