Irung bracket (Ganoderma orbiforme)

Irung bracket (Ganoderma orbiforme) is a species of fungus in the Polyporaceae, basidiocarps which are broad, perennial, fan-like or hoof-like on living and dead tree trunks, double-walled spores, cut with an ornate inner layer that is yellow to brown.

G. orbiforme grows in colonies on a dead wood or tree. The beginning of life starts from a whitish yellow patch on the surface of the wood, then forms a cylindrical stalk, curves downward or horizontally and widens to form a horizontal fan.

Solid body, fan-shaped, semicircular, uneven top surface, dark brown with white margins degradation. The lower surface is flat, all white in color with small pores spreading all over.

The cell wall is made up of chitin, but cells do not have chlorophyll. Heterotrophic food and organic materials will be converted into simple molecules and absorbed directly by the hyphae. This fungus has saprophytic and parasitic properties of plants.

Irung bracket causes root and stem rot in tropical perennials in plantations resulting in economic losses. Ganoderma has also long been used as a medicinal ingredient for human health.

Kingdom: Fungi
Phylum: Basidiomycota
Subphylum: Agaricomycotina
Class: Agaricomycetes
Order: Polyporales
Family: Polyporaceae
Genus: Ganoderma
Subgenus: Ganoderma
Species: Ganoderma orbiforme

Six new species forming the Sumbana species group in genus Nemophora Hoffmannsegg 1798 from Indonesia

NEWS - Sumbawa longhorn ( Nemophora sumbana Kozlov, sp. nov.), Timor longhorn ( Nemophora timorella Kozlov, sp. nov.), shining shade longhorn ( Nemophora umbronitidella Kozlov, sp. nov.), Wegner longhorn ( Nemophora wegneri Kozlov, sp. nov.), long brush longhorn ( Nemophora longipeniculella Kozlov, sp. nov.), and short brush longhorn ( Nemophora brevipeniculella Kozlov, sp. nov.) from the Lesser Sunda Islands in Indonesia. The Lesser Sunda Islands consist of two parallel, linear oceanic island chains, including Bali, Lombok, Sumbawa, Flores, Sumba, Sawu, Timor, Alor, and Tanimbar. The oldest of these islands have been continuously occurring for 10–12 million years. This long period of isolation has allowed significant in situ diversification, making the Lesser Sundas home to many endemic species. This island chain may act as a two-way filter for organisms migrating between the world's two great biogeographic regions, Asia and Australia-Papua. The recognition of a striking cli...

Kaliandra (Calliandra houstoniana)

Kaliandra ( Calliandra houstoniana ) is a plant species in Fabaceae, grows rapidly to 2.5-3.5 m tall in 6 months and 3-5 m high in the first year with a 60% light quantity, widely used for energy wood, animal feed, erosion control, soil nitrogen repair, fire retardant, shade and source of nectar for bees. C. houstoniana grows to a maximum of 12 m and a stem diameter of 20 cm, red or gray bark covered by small, pale oval-shaped lenticels. Increasingly to the tip of the stem tends to jagged and reddish brown stems have a red tip. Taproot system is supported by finer roots with very large numbers and extends beyond the soil surface. The leaves are small, compounded pairs, soft texture and dark green, 20 cm long, 15 cm wide and at night will fold toward the trunk by the motion of the dictation due to changes in light to dark. The canopy widens to the side and is very dense. Flower bunches develop in a centralized position and flowers cluster around the end of the stem with threads gen...

Purwaceng (Pimpinella pruatjan)

Purwaceng or purwoceng or antanan gunung or Viagra of Java ( Pimpinella pruatjan or Pimpinella priatjan ) are small termas growing horizontally in Apiaceae, growing in villages on Dieng Plateau, Central Java Province, Indonesia, at 1,500 to 2,000 meters above sea level, the roots have medicinal properties for aphrodisiacs and are usually processed in powder form for a mixture of coffee or milk. P. pruatjan grows flat on the ground but does not propagate, small leaves are reddish green for 1-3 cm in diameter. This plant is only found in Java and grows in high mountain areas. A low population where industrial demand is very high results in increasingly scarce. Another place that is likely to become a purwaceng habitat is the Iyang Mountains and the Tengger Mountains in East Java Province. Efforts to multiply and cultivate have a big problem where these plants have difficulty producing seeds. In vitro propagation research through tissue cultivation has been carried out to overcome ...

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