Bamboo orchid (Arundina graminifolia) is a plant species in Orchidaceae, perennial terrestrial orchid, reed stems standing upright or horizontal, tubular, up to 2 m high, forming large clumps on forest slopes, agricultural land, plantations, roadsides and abandoned land.
A. graminifolia has linear leaves, grows along the stem, seated opposite, oblong lanceolate, 9-19 cm long, 1-1.5 cm wide, thick, a vein in the middle, pointed tip, amplexicaul sheath and dark green.
Clusters of flowers in slightly open terminals up to 10 buds, blooming successively at the terminals, 7-16 cm long. The flowers are 5-8 cm in diameter, reddish purple in color and white disc with purple lips. The bracts are broad triangular in shape and surround the main stalk of the flower bunch.
Fertilized seed pods will form small powdered seeds and small plants often develop near the tips after flowering, most likely aiding propagation if allowed to reach the ground.
TAXON
Kingdom: Plantae
Phylum: Tracheophyta
Subphylum: Angiospermae
Class: Liliopsida
Order: Asparagales
Family: Orchidaceae
Subfamily: Epidendroideae
Tribe: Arethuseae
Subtribe: Arethusinae
Genus: Arundina Blume in Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind.: 401 (1825)
Species: Arundina graminifolia (D.Don) Hochr. in Bull. New York Bot. Gard. 6: 270 (1910)
Varieties: Arundina graminifolia subsp. caespitosa (Aver.) H.A.Pedersen & Schuit., Arundina graminifolia subsp. graminifolia
HOMOTYPIC SYNONYMS
Arundina bambusifolia Lindl. in Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl.: 125 (1831)
Bletia graminifolia D.Don in Prodr. Fl. Nepal.: 29 (1825)
Cymbidium bambusifolium Roxb. in Fl. Ind., ed. 1832. 3: 460 (1832)
PUBLICATIONS
Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & Strong, M.T. (2012). Catalogue of seed plants of the West Indies. Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 98: 1-1192.
Bernet, P. (2010). Orchidées de la Réunion: 1-368. Naturae Amici éditions.
Bogarín, D., Serracín, Z., Samudio, Z., Rincón, R. & Pupulin, F. (2014). An updated checklist of the Orchidaceae of Panama. Lankesteriana 14: 135-364.
Govaerts, R. (1995). World Checklist of Seed Plants 1(1, 2): 1-483, 1-529. MIM, Deurne.
Govaerts, R. (2003). World Checklist of Monocotyledons Database in ACCESS: 1-71827. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
Hermans, J. & Cribb, P.J. (2023). Flore des Mascareignes 170(1): 1-340. IRD Éditions, MSIRI, RBG-Kew, Paris.
Hsu, T.C. & al. (2016). New records and name changes for the orchids in the Solomon islands. Taiwania 61: 21-26.
Iamwiriyakul, P. & Kaewphuang, T. (2008). Diplomeris pulchella: newly recorded in Thailand. The Orchid Review 116: 44-50.
Iwatsuki, K., Boufford, D.E. & Ohba, H. (2016). Flora of Japan IVb: 1-335. Kodansha Ltd., Tokyo.
Khanam, M. & al. (2001). Our present knowledge on the Terrestrial Orchidaceae. Bangladesh Journal of Plant Taxonomy 8(2): 35-49.
Lamb, A. (2010). The different varietal forms of Arundina graminifolia in Sabah, Borneo. Malesian Orchid Journal 5: 7-16.
Lucksom, S.Z. (2007). The orchids of Sikkim and North East Himalaya: 1-984. S.Z.Lucksom, India.
Margonska, H.B. & Szlachetko, D.L. (2010). Orchidaceae of Tahiti, French Polynesia: 1-139. Gdansk University Press.
Ormerod, P., Kurzweil, H. & Watthana, S. (2021). Annotated List of Orchidaceae for Myanmar. Phytotaxa 481: 1-262.
Pedersen, H.Æ. & al. (2014). Flora of Thailand 12(2): 303-670. The Forest Herbarium, National Park, Wildlife and Plant Conservation Department, Bangkok.
Pridgeon, A.M., Cribb, P.J., Chase, M.C. & Rasmussen, F.N. (2006). Epidendroideae (Part One). Genera Orchidacearum 4: 1-672. Oxford University Press, New York, Oxford.
Raskoti, B.B. (2009). The Orchids of Nepal: 1-252. Bhakta Bahadur Raskoti and Rita Ale.
Sittisujjatham, S. (2006). Wild Orchid of Thailand 1: 1-495. Amarin.
Whistler, W.A. (2022). Flora of Samoa Flowering Plants: 1-930. National Tropical Botanicl Garden. Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History.
Wood, J.J., Beaman, T.E., Lamb, A., Lun, C.C. & Beaman, J.H. (2011). The Orchids of Mount Kinabalu 2: 1-726. Natural history publications (Borneo), Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia.
Wu, Z. & Hong, D. (eds.) (2009). Flora of China 25: 1-570. Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis.
VERNACULAR NAME
Chinese (Simplified): 竹叶兰
Chinese (Traditional): 竹葉蘭 - 葦草蘭
English: Bamboo Orchid
French: Orchidée Bambou
German: Bambusorchidee
Hebrew: סחלב במבוק
Hindi: बाँस का आर्किड
Hong Kong: 竹葉蘭
Indonesian: Anggrek Bambu
Japanese: ナリヤラン
Korean: 대나무 난초
Macao: 竹葉蘭
Manipuri: Kongyamba lei, Kongyanba lei
Mizo: Le-len
Nepali: गाभा Gaabhaa, Gabha
Portuguese: Orquídea-bambu
Russian: Арундина злаколистная
Slovak: Arundina trávolistá
Spanish: Orquídea bambú
Taiwan: 葦草蘭
Thai: เอื้องดินใบไผ่
Aryo Bandoro
Dlium TheDlium
YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@Dlium