Human (Homo sapiens)

Human (Homo sapiens) is a species of animal in the Hominidae, bipedal, large and complex brains that allow the development of sophisticated tools, are omnivores and have used fire to prepare and cook food, are highly social and tend to live in complex social structures.

H. sapiens has a body consisting of legs, trunk, arms, neck and head. The only primate to have short, relatively flat canines and gradually lose third molars with some individuals not having them congenitally.

Residual tail, appendix, flexible shoulder joints, opposing clasped fingers and thumbs, comparable density of hair follicles to other apes dominated by vellus hair which is mostly so short and thin that it is practically invisible. Average height 171 cm, has an accurate throw and is the best long distance runner in the animal kingdom.

Each somatic cell has two sets of 23 chromosomes, each set received from one parent. Gametes have only one set of chromosomes as a mixture of two parent sets. XY sex determination system, females have XX sex chromosomes and males have XY. Most reproduction is via internal fertilization, gestation period is 38 weeks, but normal pregnancy can vary up to 37 days.

Human is highly adapted and cosmopolitan and is found in almost all regions of the world, including tropical rainforests, arid deserts, the frigid Arctic region, and highly polluted cities.

Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Primates
Suborder: Haplorhini
Infraorder: Simiiformes
Family: Hominidae
Subfamily: Homininae
Tribe: Hominini
Genus: Homo
Species: Homo sapiens

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