Variegated croton (Codiaeum variegatum)

Puring or variegated croton (Codiaeum variegatum) is a species of plant in Euphorbiaceae, shrubs, evergreen, monoecious, cosmopolitan, leaves have very varied shapes and colors, are widely cultivated as ornamental plants and have hundreds of varieties.

C. variegatum grows to a height of 3 m, large evergreen leaves, thick, leathery, shiny, arranged alternately, 5-30 cm long and 0.5-8 cm wide. Strands can be ribbon, lanceolate, oval, elliptical, inverted ovoid and violin-shaped. Colors can be green, yellow, purple and in various patterns.

The petiole is 0.2-2.5 cm long. The inflorescences are racemes, 8-30 cm long, the male is white with five small petals and 20-30 stamens, the pollen is oval and 52x32 microns in size. The female flowers are yellowish. The fruit is a capsule, 9 mm in diameter, three seeds with a diameter of 6 mm.

Several hundred cultivars are selected and bred for foliage. Milk sap can cause eczema in some people. The bark, roots, sap and leaves are poisonous. The toxin is the chemical compound 5-deoxyingenol. This plant contains oil and is suspected as a carcinogen.

Kingdom: Plantae
Phylum: Tracheophyta
Subphylum: Angiospermae
Class: Magnoliopsida
Order: Malpighiales
Family: Euphorbiaceae
Subfamily: Crotonoideae
Tribe: Codiaeae
Subtribe: Codiaeinae
Genus: Codiaeum
Species: Codiaeum variegatum
Forms and varieties: Codiaeum variegatum f. angustifolium, Codiaeum variegatum var. cavernicola, Codiaeum variegatum f. crispum, Codiaeum variegatum var. genuinum, Codiaeum variegatum var. moluccanum, Variegated Croton Codiaeum variegatum var. pictum

Humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) manufacture bubble-nets as tools to increase prey intake

NEWS - Humpback whales ( Megaptera novaeangliae ) create bubble net tools while foraging, consisting of internal tangential rings, and actively control the number of rings, their size, depth and horizontal spacing between the surrounding bubbles. These structural elements of the net increase prey intake sevenfold. Researchers have known that humpback whales create “bubble nets” for hunting, but the new report shows that the animals also manipulate them in a variety of ways to maximize catches. The behavior places humpbacks among the rare animals that make and use their own tools. “Many animals use tools to help them find food, but very few actually make or modify these tools themselves,” said Lars Bejder, director of the Marine Mammal Research Program (MMRP), University of Hawaii at Manoa. “Humpback whales in southeast Alaska create elaborate bubble nets to catch krill. They skillfully blow bubbles in patterns that form a web with internal rings. They actively control details such ...

Pohpohan (Pilea melastomoides)

Pohpohan clearweed ( Pilea melastomoides ) is a species of plant in the Urticaceae, herbaceous perennial, erect stems, up to 100 cm tall, succulent, square or cylindrical, enlarged in the middle of the internodes, bright green in color and forming colonies in the shade. P. melastomoides has stipules that are immediately deciduous or subpersistent, green or brownish and oblong. The stalk is 2-9 cm long. The leaf blade is ovate or ovate-elliptic or oblong-lanceolate. The surface is wavy, pale green on the underside, dark green on the top. The three main veins are central and linear. Rounded base, tapered ends and serrated edges. The inflorescences are paired, the male is a dense cyme paniculata. Kingdom: Plantae Phylum: Tracheophyta Subphylum: Angiospermae Class: Magnoliopsida Order: Rosales Family: Urticaceae Genus: Pilea Species: Pilea melastomoides

Cempaki (Termitomyces microcarpus)

Cempaki ( Termitomyces microcarpus ) is a species of fungus in the Lyophyllaceae family. It grows wild in tropical Asian forests near termite nests. It is rarely reported in urban areas. It is edible and known for its deliciousness, high nutritional value, and difficulty in cultivating. In Indonesia, it is used as an alternative food ingredient. T. microcarpus is the smallest of the Termitomyces species, umbrella-shaped, plain white, measuring 5 cm tall and 2.5 cm wide. It grows in dense clusters on surfaces and forms a mutualistic relationship, requiring the metabolic activity of termites as a substrate for growth. This species is known for its deliciousness, rich in nutrients, and has potential bioactive properties, such as helping lower cholesterol and acting as a tonic. Currently, it is difficult to cultivate on a large scale, and people rely solely on wild harvests. This mushroom is highly favored for its savory, delicious flavor and soft, chewy texture. It is often stir-fried ...

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