Skip to main content

Oriental cheesewood (Nauclea orientalis)

Gempol or bangkal or canary cheesewood or oriental cheesewood (Nauclea orientalis) is a species of plant in the Rubiaceae, a low to tall tree, straight trunk, cylindrical, shedding leaves during the dry season, fragrant flowers and fruit, used for wood carving and traditional medicine.

N. orientalis has a straight trunk up to 30 meters high, the bark may be smooth or cracked and grayish in color, many branches in all directions, the wood is soft and yellowish to orange in color.

Dlium Oriental cheesewood (Nauclea orientalis)


Leaves have stalks and sit opposite. The strands are broad ovate, up to 30 cm long, the upper side is green or orange, the lower side has prominent venation. Interpetiolar stipules. On the inner surface has a number of small red glands.

The inflorescences are fragrant, spherical and yellowish to orange in color with white stamens. Individual flowers are 8-10 mm long and 3-5 mm in diameter. Perianth consists of 5 petals and sepals in separate circles. The inner surface of the crown is yellow to orange in color and has a sweet smell.

Flowers are bisexual, 5 short and separate stamens attached to the perianth. The petals fuse together to form a round flower head. Epigynous with an inferior ovary located below the attachment of the rest of the flower.

The flower head develops into a compound fruit with a syncarp that joins the petals and each flower becomes a small fruit containing 1 seed. 4-5 cm in diameter, rugose, brown, very aromatic and unbreakable. Seeds ovoid to ellipsoidal and 1-10 mm long.



Gempol grows near water, alluvial soil, secondary forest and 0-500 m elevation. The fruit is very bitter but edible, a food source for flying foxes, cassowaries and proboscis monkeys (Nasalis larvatus).

Wood is easy to cut but does not withstand weathering, yellowish to orange in color, used for framing, interior floorboards, wood carving, paper production, house construction and for making canoes. The bark is used to make fish poison, a source of yellow dye and treat wounds.

Kingdom: Plantae
Phylum: Tracheophyta
Subphylum: Angiospermae
Class: Magnoliopsida
Order: Gentianales
Family: Rubiaceae
Subfamily: Cinchonoideae
Tribe: Naucleeae
Genus: Nauclea
Species: Nauclea orientalis

Popular Posts

Kunu buti (Mesosphaerum suaveolens)

Kunu buti ( Mesosphaerum suaveolens ) is a species of plant in the Lamiaceae family. It is an erect, herbaceous annual, growing up to 1.5 meters tall. Its cylindrical, rough, brown or green stem is hairy and white. It grows on forest floors, bushes, agricultural fields, and roadsides. Its roots are fibrous and brownish-yellow. M. suaveolens has single, opposite leaves, stalks 2-5 cm long and hairy. The leaf blades are green, hairy, oval, with pointed tips, blunt bases, serrated edges, up to 6 cm long, up to 5 cm wide, and pinnate veins. The flowers are compound, axillary, in clusters, perfect, and bisexual. The petals are attached, forming a tube, each tip elongated like a spine, soft, 3-10 mm long, and green. The corolla is attached, asymmetrically detached, 1-2 cm long, and purple. The fruit is single, hard, capsule-shaped, hairy on the surface, and green or brown in color. The seeds are round, small and blackish brown in color. TAXON Kingdom: Plantae Phylum: Tracheophyta Subphyl...

Chameleon forest dragon (Gonocephalus chamaeleontinus)

Bunglon hutan or chameleon anglehead lizard or chameleon forest dragon ( Gonocephalus chamaeleontinus ) is an animal species in Agamidae, having a larger size than other species, the most unique head shape and has the ability to change color by changing mood rather than for camouflage. Morphology G. chamaeleontinus has a total length of 40 cm, the muzzle to the buttocks is 16 cm, the base color is green with orange, yellow to brownish spots and sexual dimorphism. The eyes are protected by a movable eyelid surrounded by a slightly darker color, while males have a bright blue color around the eyes. Short head with a triangle and thorns above the eyes. Medium-sized head scales, vary, smooth and have a little tubercle that extends above the ear. Heterodont teeth with acrodont type and dorsal tongue are covered by reticular papillae. The upper labial scale consists of 10-12 units and the lower labial scale consists of 11-14 units. Dorsal body scales are composed of small and fine ...

Fern tree (Filicium decipiens)

Kerai payung or fern tree ( Filicium decipiens ) is a plant species in Sapindaceae, a tree that is always green with thick and round canopies such as umbrellas, 5-10 m high but old specimens in nature can exceed 25 m, upright stems, gray bark ash to reddish brown, smooth when young but rough and cracked when mature. F. decipiens has large, fern-like and conspicuous leaves, up to 40 cm long and made of elongated longitudinal, glossy green leaflets arranged in pairs. Leaves on stems with a length of 3-10 cm, alternating, imparipinnat, 15-30 cm long and 12-15 cm wide. Winged rachis with 6-12 pairs of opposite or sub-opposite leaflets, sessile, oblong-lanceolate with full margins and slightly wavy, 6-12 cm long and 1-3 cm wide, coriaceous, dark green and glossy above. Flowers grow on stems with a length of 7 cm as panicles for lengths of 15-30 cm which carry many small, unisexual flowers and hermaphrodites with a diameter of 0.4-0.6 cm. Pentaparted petals with imbricate ovate lobes, fi...