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Governor fern (Diplazium proliferum)

Dlium Governor fern (Diplazium proliferum)

Pakis gubernur or governor fern (Diplazium proliferum) is a plant species in the Athyriaceae, fern evergreen, erect, leaves up to 1 meter high from the rhizome, producing bulbil along the leaf veins which then develop into new young plants, widely cultivated as an ornamental plant and the leaves are eaten.

D. proliferum has elongated leaves, thick and sturdy with a bone in the middle and pinnate growing units. The leaf units are band-shaped, pointed or blunt tips, dark green and shiny, a large vein in the middle with many small pinnate veins.





Spores grow on the underside of leaf units, pinnate and dark brown in color. Bulbil grows on the upper side of the leaf bone, erect, green and dark brown scaly.

The young leaves are cooked as a vegetable and are sometimes eaten raw. Young bulbils are eaten raw or cooked.

TAXON

Kingdom: Plantae
Phylum: Tracheophyta
Class: Polypodiopsida
Subclass: Polypodiidae
Order: Polypodiales
Suborder: Aspleniinae
Family: Athyriaceae
Genus: Diplazium Sw. in J. Bot. (Schrader) 1800(2): 4, 61 (1801)
Species: Diplazium proliferum (Lam.) Kaulf. in Enum. Filic.: 182 (1824)

HOMOTYPIC SYNONYMS

Asplenium mettenii E.Fourn. in Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 5, 18: 311 (1873)
Asplenium proliferum Lam. in Encycl. 2: 307 (1786)
Asplenium spinulosum Mett. in Abh. Senckenberg. Naturf. Ges. 3(1): 216 (1859)
Athyrium proliferum (Lam.) Milde in Bot. Zeitung (Berlin) 28: 353 (1870)
Callipteris prolifera (Lam.) Bory in Voy. îles Afrique 1: 283 (1804)

HETEROTYPIC SYNONYMS

Anisogonium attenuatum C.Presl in Tent. Pterid.: 116 (1836)
Anisogonium decussatum (Sw.) C.Presl (1836)
Asplenium attenuatum C.Presl in Reliq. Haenk. 1: 42 (1825)
Asplenium decussatum Sw. in J. Bot. (Schrader) 1800(2): 51 (1801)
Asplenium luzoniense Spreng. in Syst. Veg., ed. 16. 4(1): 85 (1827)
Asplenium serrulatum Roxb. in Calcutta J. Nat. Hist. 4: 498 (1844)
Asplenium swartzii Mett. in Fil. Hort. Bot. Lips.: 74 (1856)
Athyrium accedens (Blume) Milde (1870)
Athyrium lastii (C.Chr.) Tardieu in Fl. Madagasc. 5: 269 (1958)
Athyrium ridleyi Copel. in Philipp. J. Sci., C 11: 39 (1916)
Athyrium swartzii Copel. in Philipp. J. Sci., C 9: 229 (1914)
Callipteris accedens (Blume) J.Sm. in J. Bot. (Hooker) 4: 179 (1841)
Callipteris attenuata C.Presl in Abh. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss., ser. 5, 6: 89 (1851)
Callipteris ferox J.Sm. in Bonplandia (Hannover) 9: 262 (1861)
Callipteris ridleyi (Copel.) Copel. in Ann. Cryptog. Phytopathol. 5: 152 (1947)
Callipteris spinulosa J.Sm. in J. Bot. (Hooker) 3: 409 (1841)
Callipteris swartzii C.Presl (1851)
Digrammaria robusta Fée in Mém. Foug., 5. Gen. Filic.: 218 (1852)
Diplazium accedens Blume in Enum. Pl. Javae 2: 192 (1828)
Diplazium decussatum (Sw.) Christ in Farnkr. Erde: 221 (1897)
Diplazium horridum Kunze in Analecta Pteridogr.: 26 (1837)
Diplazium incisum Schumach. in Beskr. Guin. Pl.: 458 (1827)
Diplazium lastii C.Chr. in Dansk Bot. Ark. 7: 84 (1932)
Diplazium proliferum var. accedens (Blume) Alderw. in Malayan Ferns: 424 (1909)
Diplazium proliferum var. robustum (Fée) Alderw. (1909)
Diplazium ridleyi (Copel.) C.Chr. in Index Filic., Suppl. Prelim.: 12 (1917)
Diplazium serratum Schumach. (1827)
Diplazium serrulatum T.Moore in Index Fil.: 167 (1860)
Diplazium spinosum Bory in L.I.Duperrey, Voy. Monde, Crypt.: 271 (1829)
Diplazium striatum Desv. in Mém. Soc. Linn. Paris 6: 281 (1827)
Diplazium swartzii Blume (1828)

PUBLICATIONS

Barthelat, F. (2019). La flore illustrée de Mayotte: 1-687. Biotope éditions.

Chen, C.-W. & al. (2022). An annotated checklist of lycophytes and ferns of the Solomon islands. The Fern Gazette 21: 292-419.

Fraser-Jenkins, C.R. & al. (2018). An Annotated Checklist of Indian Pteridophytes 2: 1-573. Dehra Dun : BSMPS.

Gosline, G., Bidault, E., van der Burgt, X., Cahen, D., Challen, G., Condé, N., Couch, C., Couvreur, T.L.P., Dagallier, L.M.J., Darbyshire, I., Dawson, S., Doré, T.S., Goyder, D., Grall, A., Haba, P., Haba, P., Harris, D., Hind, D.J.N., Jongkind, & al. (2023). A Taxonomically-verified and Vouchered Checklist of the Vascular Plants of the Republic of Guinea. Nature, scientific data 10, Article number: 327: [1]-[12].

Hovenkamp, P. (2019). Flora of Singapore precursors, 13. Gardens' Bulletin Singapore 71: 61-67.

Hsu, T.C., Chen, C.W., Knapp, R. & Hung, H.C. (2019). Ferns and Lycophytes. 2 , Athyriaceae - Polypodiaceae. The illustrated flora of Taiwan. Tai wan yuan sheng zhi wu quan tu jian 8(2): 1-476. Tai bei shi : Mao tou ying chu ban : Jia ting chuan mei cheng bang fen gong si fa xing.

Lorence, D.H. & Wagner, W.L. (2019). Flora of the Marquesas Islands 1: 1-411. National Tropical Botanic Garden, Smithsonian, DRPF.

Meyer, J.-Y. (2017). Guide des plantes de Wallis et Futuna: 1-486. Au vent des iles, editions, Tahiti.

Plunkett, G.M., Ranker, T.A., Sam, C. & Balick, M.J. (2022). Towards a checklist of the vascular flora of Vanuatu. Candollea 77: 105-118.

Roskov Y. & al. (eds.) (2018). World Ferns: Checklist of Ferns and Lycophytes of the World. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life Naturalis, Leiden, the Netherlands.

VERNACULAR NAME

English: Governor fern
Indonesia: Pakis gubernur

Aryo Bandoro
Dlium TheDlium
YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@Dlium
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