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Egyptian acacia (Vachellia nilotica)

Dlium Egyptian acacia (Vachellia nilotica)

Egyptian acacia (Vachellia nilotica) is a species of plant in the Fabaceae, tree up to 20 meters tall, densely rounded crown, irregularly cylindrical stem, branching, bark dark to black and fissures to form linear, young trees having thin spines and mature trees are generally spineless.

V. nilotica has bipinnate leaves, 3-6 pairs of pinnulae and 10-30 pairs of leaflets with rounded tips, green, tomentose and rachis with glands on the underside of the last pair of pinnulae.







Flowers on the head round, 1.2-1.5 cm in diameter, bright yellow, in the armpit or coiled on a stalk 2-3 cm long located at the end of the branch. The pods are very limited, hairy, white-grey, thick and soft tomentose.

This tree can thrive in dry areas and flooded areas with an elevation of 10-1340 meters, tolerant of an annual rainfall of 3.8 dm, an annual temperature of 18-50C and a soil pH of 5-8.

TAXON

Kingdom: Plantae
Phylum: Tracheophyta
Subphylum: Angiospermae
Class: Magnoliopsida
Order: Fabales
Family: Fabaceae
Subfamily: Mimosoideae
Genus: Vachellia Wight & Arn. in Prodr. Fl. Ind. Orient. 1: 272 (1834)
Species: Vachellia nilotica (L.) P.J.H.Hurter & Mabb. in D.J.Mabberley, Plant-book, ed. 3: 1021 (2008)
Subspecies: Vachellia nilotica subsp. adstringens (Schumach.) Kyal. & Boatwr., Vachellia nilotica subsp. cupressiformis (J.L.Stewart) Ali, Vachellia nilotica subsp. hemispherica (Ali & Faruqi) Ali, Vachellia nilotica subsp. indica (Benth.) Kyal. & Boatwr., Vachellia nilotica subsp. kraussiana (Benth.) Kyal. & Boatwr., Vachellia nilotica subsp. leiocarpa (Brenan) Kyal. & Boatwr., Vachellia nilotica subsp. nilotica, Vachellia nilotica subsp. subalata (Vatke) Kyal. & Boatwr., Vachellia nilotica subsp. tomentosa (Benth.) Kyal. & Boatwr.

HOMOTYPIC SYNONYMS

Acacia arabica var. nilotica (L.) Benth. in London J. Bot. 1: 500 (1842)
Acacia nilotica (L.) Willd. ex Delile in Descr. Egypte, Hist. Nat. 2(Mém.): 79 (1813)
Acacia nilotica var. typica A.F.Hill in Bot. Mus. Leafl. 8: 98 (1940)
Acacia nilotica var. vera Roberty in Candollea 11: 149 (1948)
Acacia scorpioides var. nilotica (L.) A.Chev. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France 74: 954 (1927)
Gumifera nilotica (L.) Raf. in Sylva Tellur.: 118 (1838)
Mimosa nilotica L. in Sp. Pl.: 521 (1753)

PUBLICATIONS

Gosline, G., Bidault, E., van der Burgt, X., Cahen, D., Challen, G., Condé, N., Couch, C., Couvreur, T.L.P., Dagallier, L.M.J., Darbyshire, I., Dawson, S., Doré, T.S., Goyder, D., Grall, A., Haba, P., Haba, P., Harris, D., Hind, D.J.N., Jongkind, & al. (2023). A Taxonomically-verified and Vouchered Checklist of the Vascular Plants of the Republic of Guinea. Nature, scientific data 10, Article number: 327: [1]-[12].

Lepschi, B. & Monro, A. (Project Coordinators) (2014). Australian Plant Census (APC) Council of Heads of Australian Herbaria.

Sanjappa, M., Pusalkar, P.K. & Mao, A.A. (eds.) (2024). Flora of India 6: 1-556. Botanical Survey of India.

Zhu, X.Y., Zhang, R.P. & He, Y.L. (eds.) (2021). An inventory of legume species diversity of Myanmar: 1-297. China Minzu university press.

VERNACULAR NAME

Afrikaans: Lekkerruikpeul
Amargna: Cheba
Arabic: سمر عربي - سنط نيلي - شجرة الصمغ العربي - سنط مصري - سنط عربي
Bali: Akasia maduri
Bambara: Baanan, Bagana, Baganan
Bemba: Kafifi
Bengali: বাবালা Bābālā
Bobo: Bakani
Burmese: အီဂျစ်အကာရှ
Bwa: Aboro
Chinese (simplified): 阿拉伯金合欢
Chinese (traditional): 阿拉伯金合歡
Dogon: Baala, Baaram
English: Egyptian acacia, Egyptian thorn, Scented-pod thorn, Gum arabic tree, Babul, Amrad gum
Filipino: Matinik na akasya
Finnish: Hartsiakaasia
French: Acacia égyptien, Acacia d’Arabie, Acacia épineux, Gommier rouge
Fula: Gavdi
Fulfulde: Gabdi, Gaode
German: Arabische Gummi-Akazie
Greek: Ακανθώδης ακακία
Gujarati: Baval, Bavaliyo
Hebrew: שיטת הנילוס
Hindi: बाबुल - बाबूल - जाली - करिजली - कीकर Baabul, Baabool, Jaalee, Karijalee, Keekar
Indonesia: Akasia berduri, Akasia duri
Java: Akasia eri
Kalanga: Nshu
Kannada: Gobli mara, Karijaali, Babli
Khmer: អាកាស្យាអេហ្ស៊ីប
Konkani: Babul
Kunda: Kafifi
Lao: ຕົ້ນກະຖິນອີຢິບ
Malayalam: Karivelam, Karuvelakam, Babool
Malinke: Bagana jiri, Bwana, Bagana
Manipuri: Chigong lei
Marathi: Babhool, babhul, Babhali, Babhal, Devababhal, Pulati, Ramababhal, Ramakanti
Melayu: Akasia berduri
Minangkabau: Akasia baduri
Minyanka: Paanan, Pakhi
Moore: Pegnanga
Nara: Takendeb
Ndebele: Isanqawe, Umtshanga
Nepali: बाबुल Bābula
Nyanja: Chiseyo, Lichongwe, Mchezime, Mtete, Namalonga
Pashto: بابول Babol
Polish: Akacja ciernista
Russian: Акация нильская - Акация аравийская
Sahogna: Aflo
Sanskrit: Babbul, Babbula, Babula, Barburah, Babbulaha, Panktiha, Somavriksha, Tikshna kantaka, Varvu, Varvrurha, Yugmakanta
Sekwena: Motsha
Sena: N'tchissio
Sengwato: Mokhi
Senufo: Pakhi
Sinhala: කරුවෙලම් Karuvelam
Slovak: Akácia nílska
Somali: Tuger, Burguge, Tuwer, Marah, Galoi
Songhay: Banigna, Kargui korre
Soninké: Sake
Sotho: Mogohlo, Mofatanare
Sunda: Akasia cucuk
Swahili: Mgunga
Tamasheq: Tahidjart, Tighart, Tahajjari
Tamil: கருவேலம் - கருவேலை Karuvēlam, Karuvēlai
Telugu: Nalla tumma
Thai: อะคาเซียอียิปต์
Tongan: Nombe, Mungnombie, Mukoka
Tswana: Motsha, Mokga, Mokhe
Urdu: بابر Babr
Vietnam: Cây Keo Ai Cập

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