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Hop-headed barleria (Barleria lupulina)

Dlium Hop-headed barleria (Barleria lupulina)

Hop-headed barleria (Barleria lupulina) is a species of plant in the Acanthaceae, shrubs, 1-2 meters high, woody stems, smooth, sometimes glossy, branched, cylindrical and dark red or black or dark brown in color.

B. lupulina has opposite leaves, the stalk is very short, the base of the stalk has a pair of thorns and is red-purple. The strands are lanceolate elongated, thick and stiff, dark green and shiny, the main vein is red, 5-10 cm long and 0.5-1.5 cm wide.



Flowers erect or slightly nodding, on grains 3.5-9 cm long and golden yellow. Protective leaves erect, pinnate, green with purple top, short hair. Hairy petals. The fruit is 1.5 cm long and green. Seeds are flat and dark brown in color.

TAXON

Kingdom: Plantae
Phylum: Tracheophyta
Subphylum: Angiospermae
Class: Magnoliopsida
Order: Lamiales
Family: Acanthaceae
Subfamily: Acanthoideae
Tribe: Barlerieae
Genus: Barleria L. in Sp. Pl.: 636 (1753)
Species: Barleria lupulina Lindl. in Edwards's Bot. Reg. 18: t. 1483 (1833)

HOMOTYPIC SYNONYMS

Barleria macrostachya Bojer in Hortus Maurit.: 260 (1837)
Barleria monostachya Bojer in J. Bot. (Hooker) 1: 356 (1835)
Dicliptera spinosa G.Lodd. ex Philippar in Voy. Agron. Angleterre: 111 (1830)

PUBLICATIONS

Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & Strong, M.T. (2012). Catalogue of seed plants of the West Indies. Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 98: 1-1192.

Akoègninou, A., van der Burg, W.J. & van der Maesen, L.J.G. (eds.) (2006). Flore Analytique du Bénin: 1-1034. Backhuys Publishers.

Barthelat, F. (2019). La flore illustrée de Mayotte: 1-687. Biotope éditions.

Boggan, J. Funck, V. & Kelloff, C. (1997). Checklist of the Plants of the Guianas (Guyana, Surinam, Franch Guiana) ed. 2: 1-238. University of Guyana, Georgetown.

Bosser, J. & al. (eds.) (2000). Flore des Mascareignes 127-135: 1. IRD Éditions, MSIRI, RBG-Kew, Paris.

Dassanayake (ed.) (1998). A Revised Handbook to the Flora of Ceylon 12: 1-390. Oxford & IBH Publishing Co. PVT. LTD., New Delhi, Calcutta.

George, A.S., Orchard, A.E. & Hewson, H.J. (eds.) (1993). Oceanic islands 2. Flora of Australia 50: 1-606. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra.

Govaerts, R. (1996). World Checklist of Seed Plants 2(1, 2): 1-492. MIM, Deurne.

Hokche, O., Berry, P.E. & Huber, O. (eds.) (2008). Nuevo Catálogo de la Flora Vascular de Venezuela: 1-859. Fundación Instituto Botánico de Venezuela.

Lebrun, J.P., Toutain, B., Gaston, A. & Boudet, G. (1991). Catalogue des Plantes Vasculaires du Burkina Faso: 1-341. Institut d' Elevage et de Médecine Vétérinaire des Pays Tropicaux, Maisons Alfort.

Lê, T.C. (2005). Danh lục các loài thực vật Việt Nam 3: 1-1248. Hà Nội : Nhà xuất bản Nông nghiệp.

Plunkett, G.M., Ranker, T.A., Sam, C. & Balick, M.J. (2022). Towards a checklist of the vascular flora of Vanuatu. Candollea 77: 105-118.

Shendage, S.M. & Yadav, S.R. (2010). Revision of the genus Barleria (Acanthaceae) in India. Rheedea 20: 81-130.

van Proosdij, A.S.J. (2012). Arnoldo's Zakflora, ed. 4: 1-318. Walburg Pers, Zutphen.

VERNACULAR NAME

Bali: Landik
Bengali: কান্তা বিশাল্যকরনী Kanta bishalyakarani
Burmese: လန်ဒစ်ခ်
Chinese (simplified): 花叶假杜鹃
Chinese (traditional): 花葉假杜鵑
English: Hop-headed Barleria, Landik, Hophead, Hophead bush-violet, Hophead, Hophead Philippine violet, Snake bush
French: Barré bolé
Hindi: लैंडिक
Indonesian: Landik
Java: Landik, Sujen trus, Trenggiling
Khmer: ឡង់ឌីក
Lao: ແລນດິກ
Malaysia: Setawar Sekelian Biasa
Melayu: Landik, Tenggiling
Nepali: ल्यान्डिक
Russian: Барлерия волчья
Sanskrit: Neel saireyak
Sinhala: සෙම්-මුල්ලි - මුල්කනකම්පරම්
Taiwan: 花葉假杜鵑
Tamil: செம்-முல்லி - முல்கனகம்பரம் Cem-mulli, Mulkanakamparam
Thai: แลนดิค
Vietnam: Hoa tê tê

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