Awned panick grass (Oplismenus compositus)

Awned panick grass (Oplismenus compositus) is a species of plant in the Poaceae, 15-150 cm long, leaves lanceolate or ovate, 2-16 cm long, 8-35 mm wide, strands veined and have transverse veins, pointed or slightly pointed ends.

O. compositus has racema composed of inflorescences, grows on the side of the central axis, unilateral and 2.5-11 cm long. The middle inflorescence axis is 5-25 cm long with angular rachis and pilose at the bottom.



The spikelets are arranged in 2 rows, namely fertile, pedicelled and sessile. Stem oblong. The spikelet also has one basal sterile floret and one fertile floret. 2.5-4 mm long and lanceolate.

Glumes are shorter than spikelets and thinner than fertile lemmas. The bottom is ovoid with a tent length of 3-10 mm. The upper glume is ovoid, obtuse and 0-4 mm long.

The flower buds are 2-2.5 mm long, pubescent, emarginate and mucronate. The florets and glumes have a keel. Glume is 5 items and florets are 7-11 items. Fruit linear and 0.5 mm long.

TAXON

Kingdom: Plantae
Phylum: Tracheophyta
Subphylum: Angiospermae
Class: Liliopsida
Order: Poales
Family: Poaceae
Subfamily: Panicoideae
Tribe: Paniceae
Subtribe: Boivinellinae
Genus: Oplismenus P.Beauv. in Fl. Oware 2: 14 (1810)
Species: Oplismenus compositus (L.) P.Beauv. in Ess. Agrostogr.: 54 (1812)

HOMOTYPIC SYNONYMS

Digitaria composita (L.) Willd. in Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol.: 91 (1809)
Hippagrostis composita (L.) Kuntze in Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 777 (1891)
Orthopogon compositus (L.) R.Br. in Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland.: 194 (1810)
Orthopogon remotus Trin. in Fund. Agrost.: 181 (1820)
Panicum compositum L. in Sp. Pl.: 57 (1753)

HETEROTYPIC SYNONYMS

Andropogon undatus Jacq. in Collectanea 3: 237 (1791)
Digitaria elatior Willd. (1809)
Echinochloa lanceolata (Retz.) P.Beauv. in Ess. Agrostogr.: 53 (1812)
Hippagrostis setaria (Lam.) Kuntze (1891)
Oplismenus burmanni var. intermedius Honda in Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 38: 191 (1924)
Oplismenus compositus var. angustifolius L.C.Chia in Fl. Hainan. 4: 540 (1977)
Oplismenus compositus var. formosanus (Honda) S.L.Chen & Y.X.Jin in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 22: 470 (1984)
Oplismenus compositus f. glabratus F.Br. in Bull. Bernice P. Bishop Mus. 84: 68 (1931)
Oplismenus compositus var. intermedius (Honda) Ohwi in Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 11: 35 (1942)
Oplismenus compositus var. lasiorhachis Hack. in Publ. Bur. Sci. Gov. Lab. 35: 81 (1906)
Oplismenus compositus var. owatarii (Honda) Ohwi (1942)
Oplismenus compositus subsp. patens (Honda) T.Koyama in Grass. Japan: 519 (1987)
Oplismenus compositus var. patens (Honda) Ohwi (1942)
Oplismenus compositus f. pubescens F.Br. (1931)
Oplismenus compositus var. rariflorus (J.Presl) U.Scholz in Phanerog. Monogr. 13: 96 (1981)
Oplismenus compositus var. setarius (Lam.) F.M.Bailey in Queensland Grasses: 19 (1888)
Oplismenus compositus var. submuticus S.L.Chen & Y.X.Jin (1984)
Oplismenus compositus var. sylvaticus Hillebr. in Fl. Hawaiian Isl.: 502 (1888)
Oplismenus compositus var. sylvaticus (Lam.) U.Scholz (1981)
Oplismenus compositus var. vittatus L.H.Bailey in Man. Cult. Pl.: 109 (1925)
Oplismenus compositus f. vittatus (L.H.Bailey) Beetle in Phytologia 38: 175 (1978)
Oplismenus coreanus Nakai in Bull. Natl. Sci. Mus. Tokyo 31: 140 (1952)
Oplismenus decompositus Nees in S.L.Endlicher, Prodr. Fl. Norfolk.: 19 (1833)
Oplismenus elatior (L.f.) P.Beauv. (1812)
Oplismenus formosanus Honda in Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 20: 361 (1924)
Oplismenus hirtellus subsp. setarius (Lam.) Mez ex Ekman in Ark. Bot. 11(4): 26 (1912)
Oplismenus hirtellus var. setarius (Lam.) Mez ex Ekman (1912)
Oplismenus indicus Roem. & Schult. in Syst. Veg., ed. 15[bis]. 2: 484 (1817)
Oplismenus intermedius Honda (1924)
Oplismenus jacquinii Kunth in Révis. Gramin. 1: 44 (1829)
Oplismenus junghuhnii Boerl. in Ann. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg 8: 63 (1889)
Oplismenus lanceolatus (Retz.) Kunth (1829)
Oplismenus liebmannii E.Fourn. in Mexic. Pl. 2: 38 (1886)
Oplismenus owatarii Honda (1924)
Oplismenus patens Honda (1924)
Oplismenus patens var. angustifolius (L.C.Chia) S.L.Chen & Y.X.Jin (1984)
Oplismenus patens var. yunnanensis S.L.Chen & Y.X.Jin (1984)
Oplismenus polliniifolius Honda (1924)
Oplismenus pratensis (Spreng.) Schult. & Schult.f. in Mant. 3: 597 (1827)
Oplismenus rariflorus J.Presl in C.B.Presl, Reliq. Haenk. 1: 320 (1830)
Oplismenus setarius (Lam.) Roem. & Schult. (1817)
Oplismenus setarius f. sterilis F.Br. (1931)
Oplismenus sylvaticus (Lam.) Roem. & Schult. (1817)
Oplismenus thiebautii E.Fourn. (1886)
Orthopogon gonyrrhizus (Steud.) Miq. in Fl. Ned. Ind. 3: 443 (1857)
Orthopogon junghuhnii Nees ex Steud. in Syn. Pl. Glumac. 1: 45 (1853)
Orthopogon longeracemosus (Steud.) Miq. (1857)
Orthopogon pratensis Spreng. in Syst. Veg., ed. 16. 1: 306 (1824)
Orthopogon setarius (Lam.) Spreng. (1824)
Orthopogon sylvaticus (Lam.) Miq. (1857)
Panicum aristatum Retz. in Observ. Bot. 4: 17 (1786)
Panicum bidentatum Steud. (1853)
Panicum bidentulum Steud. (1853)
Panicum certificandum Steud. (1853)
Panicum compositoproximum Rottler ex Willd. in Neue Schriften Ges. Naturf. Freunde Berlin 4: 224 (1804)
Panicum compositum var. fimbriusculum Döll in C.F.P.von Martius & auct. suc. (eds.), Fl. Bras. 2(2): 147 (1877)
Panicum elatius L.f. in Suppl. Pl.: 107 (1782)
Panicum gonyrrhizum Steud. (1853)
Panicum lanceolatum Retz. in Observ. Bot. 5: 17 (1789)
Panicum longeracemosum Steud. (1853)
Panicum parciflorum Steud. (1853)
Panicum peninsularum Steud. (1853)
Panicum pratense (Spreng.) Steud. in Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2. 2: 261 (1841)
Panicum setarium Lam. in Tabl. Encycl. 1: 170 (1791)
Panicum sylvaticum Lam. in Encycl. 4: 733 (1798)
Panicum undatum (Jacq.) Steud. (1841)
Panicum unguinosum Roxb. in Fl. Ind. 1: 294 (1820)
Pollinia jacquinii Spreng. ex Steud. (1853)
Pollinia undata (Jacq.) Spreng. in Pl. Min. Cogn. Pug. 2: 12 (1815)
Urochloa aristata (Retz.) B.D.Jacks. in Index Kew. 2: 1150 (1895)

PUBLICATIONS

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VERNACULAR NAME

Chinese (simplified): 中间型竹叶草 - 台湾竹叶草 - 大叶竹叶草 - 竹叶草
Chinese (traditional): 大屯求米草 - 竹葉草
English: Awned panick grass, Running mountaingrass, Basket grass, Bristle basketgrass, Woods grass
French: Oplismène composé
Guangdong: 竹葉草
Hong Kong: 竹葉草
Indonesian: Rumput tenda panik
Japanese: エダウチチヂミザサ
Macao: 竹葉草
Marathi: Shara, Turdia
Russian: Остянка сложная
Taiwan: 竹葉草

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