White dotted greenbrier (Smilax leucophylla)

Canar or white dotted greenbrier (Smilax leucophylla) is a species of plant in the Smilacaceae, climbing plants, stems have tendrils, dark green stems, cylindrical stems and red or brown stiff spines.

S. leucophylla has oval-shaped leaves extending to oval wide, sitting alternately, 10-32 cm long and 4-22 cm wide. Leaves have 3-5 veins. The upper side surface is dark green, glossy and white spots.

Flowers appear in the leaf axils. Male flowers are pale white or greenish yellow or brown. The fruit is round, red and black when ripe and stemmed. Seeds are round, located in the middle of the fruit and 1-6 seeds.

This species grows in dry to moist soil in jungles, river banks to ravines and adapts to a pH of 4-6.2. The plant is used as rheumatism, syphilis, ulcers, menstrual disorders, hemorrhoids, swelling due to sprains, antiseptic, antibacterial, stomachache and antidote.

TAXON

Kingdom: Plantae
Phylum: Tracheophyta
Subphylum: Angiospermae
Class: Liliopsida
Order: Liliales
Family: Smilacaceae
Genus: Smilax L. in Sp. Pl.: 1028 (1753)
Species: Smilax leucophylla Blume in Enum. Pl. Javae: 18 (1827)

HETEROTYPIC SYNONYMS

Smilax dulcis Desf. in Tabl. École Bot.: 218 (1804)
Smilax glycyphylla Hassk. in Flora 25(2 Beibl.): 4 (1842)
Smilax latifolia Blanco in Fl. Filip., ed. 2.: 548 (1845)
Smilax leucophylla var. retusa (Blume) Kunth in Enum. Pl. 5: 250 (1850)
Smilax retusa Blume in Enum. Pl. Javae: 18 (1827)
Smilax sankira Kaempf. ex Reider in Geheimnisse Blumisterei 3: 684 (1830)
Smilax vicaria Kunth in Enum. Pl. 5: 262 (1850)

PUBLICATIONS

George, A.S. (ed.) (1986). Flora of Australia 46: 1-247. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra.

Kress, W.J., DeFilipps, R.A., Farr, E. & Kyi, D.Y.Y. (2003). A Checklist of the Trees, Shrubs, Herbs and Climbers of Myanmar. Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 45: 1-590.

M.J.E.Coode & al. (eds.) (1996). A checklist of the flowering plants & gymnosperms of Brunei Darussalam: 1-477. Ministry of Industry and Primary Resources, Brunei Darussalam.

Merrill, E.D. (1922). An enumeration of Philippine flowering plants 1(2): 129-240. Bureau of Science, Manila.

VERNACULAR NAME

English: White dotted greenbrier, Canar
Indonesian: Canar
Java: Canar

Aryo Bandoro
Dlium TheDlium
YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@Dlium

Japanese morning glory (Ipomoea nil)

Japanese morning glory ( Ipomoea nil ) is a species of plant in the Convolvulaceae family, a climber with twining stems that grow up to 5 meters long. The green, finely hairy leaves are 14 cm long, heart-shaped at the base, entire or 3-5-lobed, tapering at the edges. The flowers are funnel-shaped, blue to reddish-purple with a whitish tube, 5 cm wide and up to 7 cm long. TAXON Kingdom: Plantae Phylum: Tracheophyta Subphylum: Angiospermae Class: Magnoliopsida Order: Solanales Family: Convolvulaceae Subfamily: Convolvuloideae Tribe: Ipomoeeae Genus: Ipomoea L. in Sp. Pl.: 159 (1753) Species: Ipomoea nil (L.) Roth in Catal. Bot. 1: 36 (1797) HOMOTYPIC SYNONYMS Convolvuloides triloba Moench in Methodus: 452 (1794) Convolvulus nil L. in Sp. Pl., ed. 2.: 219 (1762) Pharbitis nil (L.) Choisy in Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 6: 439 (1833 publ. 1834) HETEROTYPIC SYNONYMS Convolvulus caeruleus (Roxb. ex Ker-Gawl.) Spreng. in Syst. Veg., ed. 16. 1: 593 (1824) Convolvulus coelestis G.Forst. in Fl. Ins...

Moist pimpernel (Lindernia dubia)

Moist pimpernel ( Lindernia dubia ) is a species of plant in the Linderniaceae. It is a herbaceous, ground-growing, erect, cylindrical stem with red to light brown color. The leaves are green, oval, up to 10 mm long, up to 7 mm wide, with rounded tips and reddish veins. The flowers are funnel-shaped, bluish-white, with yellow veins. TAXON Kingdom: Plantae Phylum: Tracheophyta Subphylum: Angiospermae Class: Magnoliopsida Order: Lamiales Family: Linderniaceae Genus: Lindernia All. in Auct. Syn. Meth. Stirp. Hort. Regii Taur. 3: 178 (1766) Species: Lindernia dubia (L.) Pennell in Monogr. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 1: 141 (1935) Variety: Lindernia dubia var. dubia, Lindernia dubia var. rhizomatosa Pennell ex D.Q.Lewis HOMOTYPIC SYNONYMS Ilysanthes dubia (L.) Barnhart in Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 26: 376 (1899) Ilysanthes gratioloides Benth. in A.P.de Candolle, Prodr. 10: 419 (1846) Gratiola dubia L. in Sp. Pl.: 17 (1753) Limnophila dubia (L.) M.R.Almeida in Fl. Maharashtra 3B: 393 (2001)...

Plumeria rubra and Plumeria obtusa, the differences

SPECIES HEAD TO HEAD - The genus frangipani trees ( Plumeria Tourn. ex L.) has only 18 officially recorded species and two very similar species, frangipani ( Plumeria rubra L.) and white frangipani ( Plumeria obtusa L.). Both have the same habitus, flowers and fruits and are difficult to distinguish. The leaves of both species have slightly different shapes. Therefore, the leaves are very important to distinguish the two species, especially the shape of the tip. P. rubra has simple, lanceolate leaves with acute tips. P. obtusa has simple, elliptic leaves with rounded tips. By Aryo Bandoro Founder of Dlium.com . You can follow him on X: @Abandoro . Read more: Plumeria rubra Plumeria obtusa

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