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Asian ticktrefoil (Grona heterocarpos)

Dlium Asian ticktfoil (Grona heterocarpos)

Asian ticktrefoil (Grona heterocarpos) is a species of plant in the Fabaceae, erect shrub, woody stems, branched, branches slightly angled and slender, almost glabrous to densely covered with short gray hairs.

G. heterocarpos has uni-trifoliate inner leaves, unifoliate strands in seedlings and is located at the base of young stems, strands are elliptical or ovate or obovate, green in color, upper side is rarely covered with fine hairs, lower side is more densely covered with thin hairs gray.



Flowers are pink, mauve, purple or white and are usually in pairs. Pods straight along upper margin, wavy along lower margin, glabrous or hairy, green to dark brown as mature. The seeds are elliptical and cream to orange in color.

The Asian ticktfoil grows in meadows, grassy slopes, river banks, scrub and forests. In the tropics it grows to an elevation of 2500 meters. This species grows best at temperatures of 14-24C but can tolerate 4-34C, rainfall 2000-3000 mm/year but can tolerate 1000-4000 mm/year, dry season not more than 3-4 months and pH 4.5- 6,5.

This plant has good adaptability to standing water and is able to grow in various types of soil, also in soil conditions with low fertility and high levels of aluminum or manganese. Generative and vegetative propagation. The seeds usually germinate in 1-4 months at 25C.

The chemical ingredients are Betulic acid, friedelin, n-hexadecanoic acid, β-sitosterol, (Z,Z)-9,12-octadecadienoic acid,1-hentetracontanol, octacosane, vitexin, isovitexin2-carboxy-dihydrostilbene glucoside, 2-carboxy-3 ,5,4′, trihydroxydihydrostilbene 3-O-β-d-glucopyranoside, lunularic acid 4′-O-β-d-glucopyranoside, (−)-epi-catechin 3-O-β-d-glucopyranoside, and (− )-epi-afzelachin 3-O-β-d-glucopyranoside.

The plant is often used to treat coughs, poultices for sore breasts, female problems, fainting and convulsions, reduce fever, treat bruises and strains.

TAXON

Kingdom: Plantae
Phylum: Tracheophyta
Subphylum: Angiospermae
Class: Magnoliopsida
Order: Fabales
Family: Fabaceae
Subfamily: Faboideae
Tribe: Desmodieae
Subtribe: Desmodiinae
Genus: Grona Lour. in Fl. Cochinch.: 459 (1790)
Species: Grona heterocarpos (L.) H.Ohashi & K.Ohashi in J. Jap. Bot. 93: 112 (2018)
Subspecies: Grona heterocarpos subsp. heterocarpos
Variety: Grona heterocarpos var. gymnocarpa (Schindl.) H.Ohashi & K.Ohashi, Grona heterocarpos var. strigosa (Meeuwen) H.Ohashi & K.Ohashi

HOMOTYPIC SYNONYMS

Desmodium heterocarpon (L.) DC. in Prodr. 2: 337 (1825)
Hedysarum heterocarpon L. in Sp. Pl.: 747 (1753)
Meibomia heterocarpon (L.) Kuntze in Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 196 (1891)
Pleurolobus heterocarpon (L.) J.St.-Hil. in J. Bot. Agric. 1: 61 (1813)

PUBLICATIONS

Coi, B.H. in Lee, Yong No (2024). Flora of Korea 5a-3: 1-97. Kyo-Hak Publ. Co., Ltd.

Govaerts, R., Nic Lughadha, E., Black, N., Turner, R. & Paton, A. (2021). The World Checklist of Vascular Plants, a continuously updated resource for exploring global plant diversity. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-021-00997-6. Scientific Data 8: 215.

Nurtjahya, E. & al. (2026). Flowering Plants of Bangka Island: Native and Introduced. Acta Botanica Hungarica 68: 127-156.

Plunkett, G.M., Ranker, T.A., Sam, C. & Balick, M.J. (2022). Towards a checklist of the vascular flora of Vanuatu. Candollea 77: 105-118.

Whistler, W.A. (2022). Flora of Samoa Flowering Plants: 1-930. National Tropical Botanicl Garden. Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History.

Zhu, X.Y., Zhang, R.P. & He, Y.L. (eds.) (2021). An inventory of legume species diversity of Myanmar: 1-297. China Minzu university press.

VERNACULAR NAME

Chinese (Simplified): 假地豆
Chinese (Traditional): 假地豆
English: Asian ticktrefoil
Filipino: Mangkit-parang, Mani-mani, Huyo-huyop
Hebrew: קרטון אסייתי
Hong Kong: 假地豆
Indonesian: Kaci
Japanese: シバハギ
Java: Kaci
Kannada: Kaadu moovile
Khmer: បាអ៊ី ដាមណាអេប Baay dâm'nnaëp
Korean: 잔디갈고리
Malayalam: Nilaththuvara
Malaysia: Rumput kerbau derapah, Kacang kayu betina
Marathi: Jambhali dashami
Mizo: Hlah-tha
Nepali: गहते - बाख्रे घास - दमपाते - सखिनो झार Gahate, Baakhre Ghaans, Daampaate, Saakhino Jhaar
Palauan: Okulabeluu
Sanskrit: Salaparni
Sumatera: Akar entimor
Sunda: Buntut meyong sisir
Taiwan: 假地豆
Telugu: Chepputatta
Tulu: Kattumoojire

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