Red lip (Syzygium myrtifolium)

Pucuk merah or daun pucuk merah or red lip (Syzygium myrtifolium) is a plant species in the Myrtaceae, a medium tree with a cylindrical trunk and produces cambium, up to 5 meters high, bark rough and light brown, many branches and strong roots.

S. myrtifolium has oval-shaped leaves, pointed tip and base, up to 7 cm long, up to 2 cm wide, a vein in the middle, flat margins, shiny surface, bright red leaf buds and will turn green over time.

The flowers are compound and arranged in panicles. The flowers bloom with a stigma in the center and are white. The fruit is round and up to 1 cm in diameter, the middle of the upper surface has a depression and is shiny black when ripe.

This species grows in forests, agricultural land, roadsides and abandoned lands. This tree has a root structure that goes deep into the ground and is sturdy so it is often used to rehabilitate land, prevent landslides and store water reserves. This tree has a greater ability to absorb CO2 than other types of plants.

TAXON

Kingdom: Plantae
Phylum: Tracheophyta
Subphylum: Angiospermae
Class: Magnoliopsida
Order: Myrtales
Family: Myrtaceae
Subfamily: Myrtoideae
Tribe: Syzygieae
Genus: Syzygium Gaertn. in Fruct. Sem. Pl. 1: 166 (1788)
Species: Syzygium myrtifolium Walp. in Repert. Bot. Syst. 2: 178 (1843)

HOMOTYPIC SYNONYMS

Eugenia myrtifolia Roxb. in Fl. Ind., ed. 1832. 2: 490 (1832)

HETEROTYPIC SYNONYMS

Eugenia oleina Wight in Ill. Ind. Bot. 2: 15 (1841)
Eugenia parva C.B.Rob. in Philipp. J. Sci., C 4: 391 (1909)
Eugenia sinubanensis Elmer in Leafl. Philipp. Bot. 4: 1424 (1912)
Syzygium campanellum Miq. in Fl. Ned. Ind. 1(1): 451 (1855)
Syzygium campanulatum Korth. in Ned. Kruidk. Arch. 1: 203 (1848)
Syzygium campanulatum var. longistylum Chantar. & J.Parn. in Kew Bull. 48: 595 (1993)
Syzygium sinubanense (Elmer) Diels in Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 57: 411 (1922)

PUBLICATIONS

Govaerts, R., Sobral, N., Ashton, P., Barrie, F., Holst, B.K., Landrum, L.L., Matsumoto, K., Fernanda Mazine, F., Nic Lughadha, E., Proença, C. & al. (2008). World Checklist of Myrtaceae: 1-455. Kew Publishing, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Pasha, M.K. & Uddin, S.B. (2013). Dictionary of plant names of Bangladesh, Vasc. Pl.: 1-434. Janokalyan Prokashani, Chittagong, Bangladesh.

Singh, V., Singh, P. & Dash, S.S. (eds.) (2021). Flora of India 9: 1-482. Botanical Survey of India.

VERNACULAR NAME

Aceh: Pucok mirah
Bali: Pucuk barak
Chinese (Simplified): 钟花蒲桃 - 紅楠木
Chinese (Traditional): 長紅木 - 紅楠木
English: Red-lip, Pucuk merah, Kelat Oil
Indonesian: Pucuk Merah
Java: Lambe abang
Melayu: Bibir merah
Minang: Pucuak merah

Aryo Bandoro
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