Threeleaf derris (Derris trifoliata)

Threeleaf derris or common derris (Derris trifoliata) is a species of plant in the Fabaceae, herbaceous climber, 3-5 meters long, cylindrical and woody stems, grows in coastal and mangrove forests in tropical areas.

D. trifoliata has alternate, pinnate sitting leaves. The leaves are oval, 12-20 cm long, with a pointed tip and a rounded base. Flowers measure 1 cm. The pods measure 2-4 cm and are flat.



The pods, roots and stems are rich in toxic rotenoids and are commonly used in insecticide and pesticide activities. Often used to poison fish.

TAXON

Kingdom: Plantae
Phylum: Tracheophyta
Subphylum: Angiospermae
Class: Magnoliopsida
Order: Fabales
Family: Fabaceae
Subfamily: Faboideae
Tribe: Millettieae
Genus: Derris Lour. in Fl. Cochinch.: 432 (1790)
Species: Derris trifoliata Lour. in Fl. Cochinch.: 433 (1790)

HOMOTYPIC SYNONYMS

Deguelia trifoliata (Lour.) Taub. in Bot. Centralbl. 47: 386 (1891)
Derris uliginosa var. loureiroi Benth. in J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 4(Suppl.): 108 (1860)
Pterocarpus trifoliatus (Lour.) Kuntze in Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 203 (1891)

HETEROTYPIC SYNONYMS

Brachypterum floribundum Miq. in Fl. Ned. Ind. 1(1): 139 (1855)
Dalbergia acuminata Hassk. in Flora 25(2, Beibl. 1): 53 (1842)
Dalbergia heterophylla Willd. in Sp. Pl., ed. 4. 3: 901 (1802)
Dalbergia radicans Zipp. ex Miq. (1855)
Dalbergia repens Span. in Linnaea 15: 197 (1841)
Deguelia floribunda (Miq.) Taub. (1891)
Deguelia multiflora (Benth.) Taub. (1891)
Deguelia uliginosa (Willd.) Baill. in Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Paris 1: 442 (1885)
Derris affinis Benth. in F.A.W.Miquel, Pl. Jungh.: 252 (1852)
Derris floribunda (Miq.) Benth. (1860)
Derris forsteniana Blume ex Miq. (1855)
Derris heterophylla (Willd.) Backer ex K.Heyne in Nutt. Pl. Ned.-Ind., ed. 2. 2: 806 (1927)
Derris multiflora Benth. (1852)
Derris trifoliata var. macrocarpa Domin in Biblioth. Bot. 22(89): 232 (1926)
Derris uliginosa (Willd.) Benth. (1852)
Galedupa uliginosa (Willd.) Roxb. in Fl. Ind., ed. 1832. 3: 243 (1832)
Pongamia lucida Graham in N.Wallich, Numer. List: n.° 5880 (1831)
Pongamia madagascariensis Bojer ex Baker in D.Oliver & auct. suc. (eds.), Fl. Trop. Afr. 2: 246 (1871)
Pongamia maritima Wight ex Wall. in Numer. List: n.° 5879 (1831)
Pongamia piscatoria Seem. in Bonplandia (Hannover) 9: 255 (1861)
Pongamia religiosa Wight in Bot. Misc. 3: 301 (1833)
Pongamia triphylla Wight (1833)
Pongamia uliginosa (Willd.) DC. in Prodr. 2: 416 (1825)
Pterocarpus floribundus (Miq.) Kuntze (1891)
Pterocarpus forstenianus (Blume ex Miq.) Kuntze (1891)
Pterocarpus frutescens Blanco in Fl. Filip.: 562 (1837)
Pterocarpus multiflorus (Benth.) Kuntze (1891)
Pterocarpus uliginosus (Willd.) Roxb. ex G.Don in Gen. Hist. 2: 377 (1832)
Robinia uliginosa Willd. (1802)
Sweetia uliginosa (Willd.) G.Don in Gen. Hist. 2: 342 (1832)
Tephrosia uliginosa (Willd.) Spreng. in Syst. Veg., ed. 16. 3: 282 (1826)

PUBLICATIONS

Balslev, H. & Chantaranothai, P. (2020). Flora of Thailand 4(3.2): 373-487. The Forest Herbarium, Royal Forest Department.

Banks, R.C. (ed.) (1982). Wildlife and wildlife habitat of American Samoa 2: 1-151. U.S. Fisch and Wildlife services, Washington.

Barthelat, F. (2019). La flore illustrée de Mayotte: 1-687. Biotope éditions.

Brummitt, R.K. & al. (2007). Flora Zambesiaca 3(3): 1-258. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Du Puy, D.J., Labat, N.-N., Rabevohitra, R., Villiers, J.-F., Bosser, J. & Moat, J. (2002). The Leguminosae of Madagascar: 1-737. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Fosberg, F.R., Sachet, M.-H., Oliver, R. (1979). A geographical checklist of the Micronesian Dicotyledonae. Micronesica; Journal of the College of Guam 15: 41-295.

Germishuizen, G. & Meyer, N.L. (eds.) (2003). Plants of Southern Africa an annotated checklist. Strelitzia 14: 1-1231. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.

Govaerts, R. (2000). World Checklist of Seed Plants Database in ACCESS Genera starting with letter D: 1-30141.

Iwatsuki, K., Boufford, D.E. & Ohba, H. (eds.) (2001). Flora of Japan IIb: 1-550. Kodansha Ltd., Tokyo.

Kumar, S. & Sane, P.V. (2003). Legumes of South Asia. A Checklist: 1-536. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Lock, J.M. & Ford, C.S. (2004). Legumes of Malesia a Check-List: 1-295. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Lock, J.M. & Heald, J. (1994). Legumes of Indo-China a check-list: 1-164. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Lock, J.M. (1989). Legumes of Africa a check-List: 1-619. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Morat, P. & Veillon, J.-M. (1985). Contributions à la conaissance de la végétation et de la flore de Wallis et Futuna. Bulletin du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle. Section B, Adansonia 7: 259-329.

Pandey, R.P. & Dilwakar, P.G. (2008). An integrated check-list flora of Andaman and Nicobar islands, India. Journal of Economic and Taxonomic Botany 32: 403-500.

Plunkett, G.M., Ranker, T.A., Sam, C. & Balick, M.J. (2022). Towards a checklist of the vascular flora of Vanuatu. Candollea 77: 105-118.

Sirichamorn, Y., Adema, F.A.C.B. & van Welzen, P.C. (2012). The genra Aganope, Derris and Paraderris (Fabaceae, Millettieae) in Thailand. Systematic Botany 37: 404-436.

St. John, H. (1988). Census of the Flora of the Gambier islands, Polynesia. Pacific Plant Studies 43: 1-34.

Thaman, R.R., Fosberg, F.R., Manner, H.I. & Hassall, D.C. (1994). The Flora of Nauru. Atoll Research Bulletin 392: 1-223.

Thulin, M. (ed.) (1993). Flora of Somalia 1: 1-493. The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Whistler, W.A. (2022). Flora of Samoa Flowering Plants: 1-930. National Tropical Botanicl Garden. Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History.

Wu, Z. & Raven, P.H. (eds.) (2010). Flora of China 10: 1-642. Science Press (Beijing) & Missouri Botanical Garden Press (St. Louis).

Zhu, X.Y., Zhang, R.P. & He, Y.L. (eds.) (2021). An inventory of legume species diversity of Myanmar: 1-297. China Minzu university press.

VERNACULAR NAME

Bengali: Kaliya lata, Kalilata, Panlata
English: Threeleaf Derris, Common Derris
Filipino: Asiasimanan, Silasila, Butong
Hindi: पनलाटा Panlata
Indonesia: Tuba laut
Java: Gadel, Kambingan
Kannada: Kriminashi
Konkani: Firta
Malayalam: Kammattivalli, Ponumvalli
Malaysia: Akar Ketuil, Ketui, Setui, Salang, Tuba bekut, Sea Tuba
Marathi: Karanjvel
Nepali: पानलाटा Pānalāṭā
Oria: Ketia, Swanlata
Palauan: Kemokem
PNG: Gamo
Sanskrit: Angaar valli
Sinhala: පන්ලටා Panlaṭā
Sunda: Areuy ki tonggeret, tuwa areuy
Tamil: பன்லட்டா Paṉlaṭṭā
Telugu: Tigekranugu, Nauatige, Nallatiga, Chirathelathige
Thailand: พักแแทป Phak thaep

Aryo Bandoro
Dlium TheDlium
Web: https://www.dlium.com
YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@Dlium