Skip to main content

Pernambucano worm (Spirobolbolaimus pernambucanus) and Graciele worm (Ixonema gracieleae) from South Atlantic

Pernambucano worm (Spirobolbolaimus pernambucanus) and Graciele worm (Ixonema gracieleae) from South Atlantic

NEWS - New species of Microlaimidae were discovered in sediment samples collected in the South Atlantic, along the continental shelf separating Northeastern Brazil. Pernambucano worm (Spirobolbolaimus pernambucanus) has six outer labial setae and four cephalic setae of almost equal length. Graciele worm (Ixonema gracieleae) has somatic setae on peduncles.

Both are the first species of the genus described from the South Atlantic and greatly contribute to the knowledge and variability of these two genera. The number of Microlaimidae species initially described from sediment samples collected on the Brazilian coast shows that great efforts are still needed to fully understand the richness of continental margins such as the Brazilian coast.

Pernambucanus is the Latin form of the term “pernambucano”. In Brazil, “pernambucano” refers to something or someone originating from the state of Pernambuco. I. gracieleae received its specific epithet in honor of Graciele Mariza dos Santos Alves, wife of the first author.

S. pernambucanus differs from S. undulatus in its length of 1,686-1,848 µm (vs. 2,035-2,558 µm in S. undulatus), absence of articulated outer labial setae (vs. articulated outer labial setae), presence of an outer labial setae nearly as long as the cephalic setae (vs. longer outer labial setae than the cephalic setae), 12 pore-like precloacal supplements (vs. 18-19 precloacal supplements in a series of mid-ventral elevations with pores at the top) and absence of additional teeth (vs. present).

S. pernambucanus differs from S. boucherorum in having 12 precloacal appendages (vs. 7 in S. boucherorum), a gubernaculum length of 19-19.5 µm (vs. 23-30 µm) and the presence of an outer labial seta that is nearly as long as the cephalic seta (vs. the outer labial seta being longer than the cephalic seta).

I. gracieleae differs from Bathynox in having three caudal glands that open through separate outlets in papilla-like extensions (vs. three glands opening in a single outlet), males are diorchid (vs. monorchic) and the gubernaculum lacks an apophysis (vs. the presence of a dorsal apophysis).

I. gracieleae differs from I. powelli by the circular shape of the amphidia fovea (vs. pouch-like in I. powelli), 6 rows of cervical setae (vs. 4 rows of cervical setae) and a gubernaculum 11.5–14.5 µm long (vs. ca. 6 µm). I. gracieleae differs from I. sordidum by having long somatic setae alternating with short somatic setae along the body and the presence of a precloacal supplement.

I. gracieleae differs from I. deleyi by the presence of a gubernaculum (vs. absent in I. deleyi) and a ventral jointed seta located immediately behind the pharynx + two jointed setae closer to the cloaca and a smaller non-continuous seta further away (vs. one non-continuous ventral precloacal seta).

Original research

Manoel A, Neres PF, Esteves AM. 2024. Two new species of Microlaimidae (Nematoda: Microlaimida) from the Continental Shelf off Northeastern Brazil (Atlantic Ocean) with emended diagnosis and dichotomous key. PeerJ 12:e17976, DOI:10.7717/peerj.17976

Dlium theDlium
Labels:

Popular Posts

Dragon tongue (Phyllodium elegans)

Dragon tongue ( Phyllodium elegans ) is a plant species in Fabaceae, shrubs up to 3 meters high, stems erect or sloping and brown, leaves gathered in three strands and are elongated in shape, flowers grow in rows on long stalks. P. elegans has stems erect or sideways, cylindrical, woody, sturdy, slender, branching alternately, zigzagging, brown, the surface has white hair and the old stems have colored spots. The leaves grow in a stalk with three strands. The leaves are elongated, the base is rounded, the tip is slender, a bone in the middle with several lateral veins, the upper surface is brownish green and has white hair. The inflorescences grow in rows on long stalks. The flower buds are folded and wrapped in two circular leaves, flat, green and white-haired. The flower has a yellowish white color and the base is brown. Pod-shaped fruit, white hair, tip has a tail and 1-3 seeds but generally 2 seeds. Dragon tongue grows on the slopes of sandy, calcareous soils, karst, lots of sun...
Read more

Porang (Amorphophallus muelleri)

Porang or iles-iles ( Amorphophallus muelleri ) is a plant species in Araceae, the petiole is a pseudo stem with a height of 40-180 cm, 1-5 cm in diameter, round, green or purple with irregular white spots, each branching point grows brown bulbil and yellow bulb. A. muelleri has all leaves or stems or stems that are light green to dark green or gray and has greenish-white patches, smooth or smooth surface. The leaves are elliptical in shape with pointed leaf tips, smooth and wavy surface. When flushing has 3, 4-5, 5-6 and finally 6 minor leaves branching with 3 minor petioles. Young leaves have light purple or green edges and will end in yellow and 0.3-0.5 mm wide. The whole canopy is 50-150 cm wide. The stems grow above the tubers with a diameter of 25-50 mm and a height of 75-175 cm. Tubers have a brownish yellow or gray color on the outer surface and brownish yellow on the inside, are slightly oval in shape, fibrous roots, weigh 450-3350 grams, smooth tissue, 4-5 months of dormanc...
Read more

Golden-armed mantis (Hierodula venosa)

Golden-armed mantis ( Hierodula venosa ) is an animal species in the Mantidae, winged praying mantis with females 65-75 mm long and males 45-65 mm, large but not the largest in the genus Hierodula and generally bright yellow with green and chocolate variations. H. venosa has a fully rotating head. The head is dominated by a pair of very large and brownish yellow eyes. The jaw forms a triangle. The back is very wide with thickened margins. A pair of long antennas. Wide wings with rounded tips, striped surface, thick margins, two small white plots on the right and left. The belly is large and jointed, curved downward, the upper part is completely covered by the wings, but partially visible from the side. The pair of forelegs are large and have three segments. The upper segment has rows of spikes on the front and back. The middle segment has a row of many spines on the back and a black tip. The third segment has a row of many spines, long, black and tipped with a long palm. The middle ...
Read more