Skip to main content

Brownish yellow false truffle (Truncocolumella pseudocolumella), new species for science from China

Dlium Brownish yellow false truffle (Truncocolumella pseudocolumella), new species for science from China

NEWS - Brownish yellow false truffle (Truncocolumella pseudocolumella L. Li, S.H. Li & Y. Wang, sp. nov.) established as a new species for science based on specimens found during a survey of hypogeous fungi in the Hengduan Mountains, Sichuan Province, southwest China.

Truncocolumella Zeller 1939 a small genus of false truffles with the type species Truncocolumella citrina Zeller 1939. To date only T. citrina and Truncocolumella occidentalis Malençon & Zeller 1940 have been recognized. T. citrina is a common ectomycorrhizal species found in coniferous forests in North America. However, T. occidentalis is rare and has only been found in Canada.

A single specimen was found in the Yala Mountains in western Sichuan Province, China. Two additional collections were later found in the same area. Western Sichuan Province, part of the Hengduan Mountains, is one of the most biodiverse regions in the world.

T. pseudocolumella differs from other species in the genus Truncocolumella in that the basidiomata are not columnar. The epithet pseudocolumella refers to the absence of a columella. The new species occurs in soil associations with Quercus guyavaefolia and Pinus sp.

Furthermore, the basidiomata of T. citrina are 2–4 cm in diameter, comparable to those of T. pseudocolumella (1.5–3 cm), but two to three times larger than those of T. occidentalis. The surface of the basidiomata of T. citrina is citrine yellow, T. pseudocolumella is yellow-brown and T. occidentalis is white, although the color of T. occidentalis is uncertain because it was preserved in alcohol.

Microscopically, T. citrina has ellipsoid spores measuring 6–10 × 3.5–5.0 μm, with individual spores appearing nearly hyaline. Similarly, T. pseudocolumella has ellipsoid spores measuring 7.5–10.0 × 4.0–5.0 μm that are also nearly hyaline, indicating a close resemblance between the two.

T. citrina spores are markedly shorter, more oblong and more irregular in shape than T. occidentalis spores whose bodies are long elliptical or sometimes subcylindrical.

DESCRIPTION

Basidiomata irregularly depressed-globose to pyriform, with a yellowish-tawny (4C8) rhizomorphic base, 1.5–3.0 cm in diameter, the surface typically smooth and dry in appearance, light yellowish-tawny (4C5) with yellowish-brown (4C8) rhizomorphs, colour unchanged on bruising or exposure, elastic, very mature basidiomata deliquesce like Rhizopogon. Odour light and pleasant.

Peridium 102–160 μm thick, not separating or evanescent from the gleba at maturity, composed of two layers: outer layer 52–73 μm thick, reddish-tawny (7D7) interwoven hyphae of 1–1.5 μm diameter. The inner layer 40–86 µm thick, consisting of brownish-hyaline nearly parallel interwoven hyphae of 0.5–1.5 μm diameter. The boundary between the inner and outer layers gradually transitioning, with the changes in hyphae arrangement direction and hyphae colour.

The clamp connection clearly visible, dry peridium becoming black (4F4) when encountering 5% KOH. Gleba pale white when immature, light brown to tawny at maturity, unchanging on bruising or exposure, cavities relatively small, spongy, lacking obvious columnar or dendroid radiating columella. Trama (56.0–) 62.5–85.0 μm, composed of hyaline almost parallel hyphae.

Hymenium present on cavities surface. Basidia narrowly clavate, (15.0–) 17.2–19.5 (–22.4) × 3.5–6.5 (–7.0) μm, 2-4-spored. Sterigmata 2–3 μm. Basidiospore ellipsoid, smooth, 7.5–10.0 (–11.0) × 4.0–5.0 (–5.6) μm, grey to brownish (7D5) in mass, as seen individually, almost hyaline, typically 1–2 guttulate, infrequently 3-guttulate, changing to blue in lactophenol cotton blue, not obvious discolouration in Melzer's reagent.

Original research

Li L, Wan S, Wang Y, Thongklang N, Luo Z, Li S (2024). A new species of the genus Truncocolumella (Basidiomycota, Boletales) found in the Hengduan Mountains of China. Biodiversity Data Journal 12: e128970, DOI:10.3897/BDJ.12.e128970

Dlium theDlium
Labels:

Popular Posts

Stinking passionflower (Passiflora foetida)

Rambusa or senthiet or stinking passionflower ( Passiflora foetida ) is a species of plant in the Passifloraceae, herbaceous creeping or climbing, pungent smell, fruit covered by enlarged flower petals, growing in forest bushes, agricultural lands and abandoned lands. P. foetida grows to a length of 5 meters, the stem is cylindrical and has white hairs. Single leaf, 1-3 cm stalk and long hair. Strands ovate, 3.5-13 cm wide, 4.5-14 cm long, three pointed corners, heart-shaped leaf base, may be flat or not deep toothed. Additional flowers and petals are bandage leaves with 3 strands, sharing a double pinnate with a woven thread-like crown, 1-3 cm. The calyx tube is wide bell-shaped. The corolla and corolla extend up to 2.5 cm, bright white and often with purple in the center. Stalks at the base and attached. The pistil stalk is in the shape of a mace with 3 items. The berries are covered by a bandage leaf, oval in shape, 1.5-2 cm long, yellow-orange when ripe and have many seeds. Sent...
Read more

Humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) manufacture bubble-nets as tools to increase prey intake

NEWS - Humpback whales ( Megaptera novaeangliae ) create bubble net tools while foraging, consisting of internal tangential rings, and actively control the number of rings, their size, depth and horizontal spacing between the surrounding bubbles. These structural elements of the net increase prey intake sevenfold. Researchers have known that humpback whales create “bubble nets” for hunting, but the new report shows that the animals also manipulate them in a variety of ways to maximize catches. The behavior places humpbacks among the rare animals that make and use their own tools. “Many animals use tools to help them find food, but very few actually make or modify these tools themselves,” said Lars Bejder, director of the Marine Mammal Research Program (MMRP), University of Hawaii at Manoa. “Humpback whales in southeast Alaska create elaborate bubble nets to catch krill. They skillfully blow bubbles in patterns that form a web with internal rings. They actively control details such ...
Read more

Perikapur (Microchirita caerulea)

Perikapur ( Microchirita caerulea ) is plant species in Gesneriaceae, herbaceous, non-woody, upright, growing up to 65 cm tall. Its stems are straight, cylindrical, and bright green. Its roots are fibrous and white, clinging to limestone surfaces and cliffs in karst landscapes. M. caerulea grows in sparse or distant colonies. The stems are erect, straight, cylindrical, bright green, reddish, or brownish, and have white hairs. The leaves are opposite, with petioles up to 5 cm long. The leaf blades are oval, up to 14 cm long, up to 8 cm wide, and have pointed tips. The upper side is green, with white, and rough hairs. The underside is bright green. A main vein runs through the center and minor veins run laterally. The inflorescences grow above the leaf blades. The flowers are fan-shaped or trumpet-shaped and hairy, 2 cm long and 1 cm wide, with violet stripes on the upper side. The leaf blades are green, butterfly-shaped, and have white, and rough hairs. The leaves grow from the leaf ...
Read more