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Bellyache bush (Jatropha gossypiifolia)

Dlium Bellyache bush (Jatropha gossypiifolia)

Bellyache bush (Jatropha gossypiifolia) is a species of plant in the Euphorbiaceae. It is a shrub, growing 2.5-4 meters tall. The leaves are three-lobed, up to 13 cm long and 13 cm wide, sticky, with spiny margins, purple when young and green as they mature. The petioles are up to 9 cm long, dark red to brown, and have yellow spikes.

The flowers are small, fan-shaped, dark red with yellow centers. The fruit is ovoid; young fruits are green. Older fruits are brown, dry, and burst to release the seeds.



TAXON

Kingdom: Plantae
Phylum: Tracheophyta
Subphylum: Angiospermae
Class: Magnoliopsida
Order: Malpighiales
Family: Euphorbiaceae
Subfamily: Crotonoideae
Tribe: Jatropheae
Genus: Jatropha L. in Sp. Pl.: 1006 (1753)
Species: Jatropha gossypiifolia L. in Sp. Pl.: 1006 (1753)
Variety: Jatropha gossypiifolia var. gossypiifolia, Jatropha gossypiifolia var. jamaicensis Dehgan & Almira, Jatropha gossypiifolia var. staphysagriifolia (Mill.) Müll.Arg.

HOMOTYPIC SYNONYMS

Adenoropium gossypiifolium (L.) Pohl in Pl. Bras. Icon. Descr. 1: 16 (1826)
Jatropha gossypiifolia var. typica Chodat & Hassl. in Bull. Herb. Boissier, sér. 2, 5: 611 (1905)
Manihot gossypiifolia (L.) Crantz in Inst. Rei Herb. 1: 167 (1766)

PUBLICATIONS

Akoègninou, A., van der Burg, W.J. & van der Maesen, L.J.G. (eds.) (2006). Flore Analytique du Bénin: 1-1034. Backhuys Publishers.

Balakrishnan, N.P. & Chakrabarty, T. (2007). The family Euphorbiaceae in India. A synopsis of its profile, taxonomy and bibliography: 1-500. Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Dehra Dun.

Balkrishna, A. (2018). Flora of Morni Hills (Research & Possibilities): 1-581. Divya Yoga Mandir Trust.

Brunel, J.F., Hiepo, P. & Scholz, H. (eds.) (1984). Flore Analytique du Togo Phanérogames: 1-751. GTZ, Eschborn.

Buragohain, S. & Sarma, G.C. (2009). The exotic weeds of Guwahati, Assam and their role in employment generation. Pleione 3(1): 45-49.

Catarino, L., Sampaio Martins, E., Pinto-Basto, M.F. & Diniz, M.A. (2006). Plantas Vasculares e Briófitos da Guiné-Bissau: 1-298. Instituto de investigação científica tropical, Instituto Português de apoio ao desenvolvimento.

Florence, J. (1997). Flore de la Polynésie Française 1: 1-393. ORSTOM éditions, Paris.

Girmansyah, D. & al. (eds.) (2013). Flora of Bali an annotated checklist: 1-158. Herbarium Bogorensis, Indonesia.

Gosline, G., Bidault, E., van der Burgt, X., Cahen, D., Challen, G., Condé, N., Couch, C., Couvreur, T.L.P., Dagallier, L.M.J., Darbyshire, I., Dawson, S., Doré, T.S., Goyder, D., Grall, A., Haba, P., Haba, P., Harris, D., Hind, D.J.N., Jongkind, & al. (2023). A Taxonomically-verified and Vouchered Checklist of the Vascular Plants of the Republic of Guinea. Nature, scientific data 10, Article number: 327: [1]-[12].

Jones, M. (1991). A checklist of Gambian plants: 1-33. Michael Jones, The Gambia College.

Karthigeyan, K., Pandey, R.P. & Mao, A.A. (eds.) (2023). Flora of Andaman and Nicobar Islands 2: 1-689. Botanical Survey of India. Ministry of environment, forest and climate change.

Lautenschläger, T. & al (2020). New records for the flora of Angola: observations from Uíge and Cuanza Norte. Plant Ecology and Evolution 153: 132-142.

Leti, M., Hul, S., Fouché, J.-G., Cheng, S.K. & David, B. (2013). Flore photographique du Cambodge: 1-589. Éditions Privat, Toulouse.

Lisowski, S. (2009). Flore (Angiospermes) de la République de Guinée. Scripta Botanica Belgica 41: 1-517.

MacKee, H.S. (1994). Catalogue des plantes introduites et cultivées en Nouvelle-Calédonie, ed. 2: 1-164. Museum national d'histoire naturelle, Paris.

Pasha, M.K. & Uddin, S.B. (2013). Dictionary of plant names of Bangladesh, Vasc. Pl.: 1-434. Janokalyan Prokashani, Chittagong, Bangladesh.

van Welzen, P.C. & Chayamarit, K. (2007). Flora of Thailand 8(2): 305-592. The Forest Herbarium, National Park, Wildlife and Plant Conservation Department, Bangkok.

VERNACULAR NAME

Bali: Jarak barak
Bengali: Lal bherenda
Burmese: အနီရောင်ဆပ်ပြာ
Chinese (simplified): 桐叶膏棉 - 棉叶珊瑚花
Chinese (traditional): 紅葉麻瘋樹 - 棉葉麻瘋樹
Czech: Dávivec bavlníkolistý
English: Bellyache bush, Pandou, Cotton-leaf physicnut, Black physicnut, Cotton-leaf physic Nut
Filipino: Lansi-lansinaan, tagumbau-a-nalabaga, tuba-tuba
Finnish: Tummajatropa
French: Médicinier à feuilles de cotonnier
Hindi: रतनजोती - बरामदा - भेरेंडा Ratanajotee, Baraamada, Bherenda
Indonesian: Jarak Merah
Java: Jarak abang
Kangean: Kaleke bacu
Kannada: Chikka kadaharalu
Khmer: សាប៊ូក្រហម
Lampung: Jarak ulung
Lao: ສະບູ່ສີແດງ
Madura: Jarak mera
Malayalam: Chuvanna Kadalavanakku, Seemayavanakku
Malaysia: Jarak merah, Jarak beremah, Jarak hitam
Manipuri: E-hidak, Ee hidak
Melayu: Jarak merah
Nepali: रतनजोती Ratanajōtī
Oria: Johaji, Baigoba, Nonkakalo, Baigawa, Kalo
Pashto: رتنجوتي Ratanjoti
Portuguese: Pinhão-roxo
Russian: Ятрофа хлопчатниколистная
Sinhala: සිරියා අමනක්කු - ආතලයි Siriyā amanakku, ātalayi
Slovak: Jatrofa bavlníkolistá
Spanish: Túa túa
Sunda: Jarak beureum
Tamil: சிரியா அமனக்கு - ஆதலை Ciriyā amaṉakku, ātalai
Telugu: Nela-amida, Nepalam, Verriamudam, Seema nepalamu, Nela amudam, Bodandha
Thai: สบู่แดง
United Kingdom: Cotton-leaved physic nut, Bellyache bush
Urdu: رتن جوتی Rtan joti
Vietnam: Xà phòng đỏ

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