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Screw tree (Helicteres isora)

Dlium Screw tree (Helicteres isora)

Screw tree (Helicteres isora) is a species of plant in the Malvaceae family. It is a shrub or small tree, up to 8 meters tall. It has gray bark and alternate leaves, up to 22 cm long and 17 cm wide, oval in shape, with serrated edges and hairs.

The flowers are red or white and reach a total length of 5.5 cm. The fruit is green when unripe, brown or gray when dry, twisted, spiral-shaped, and pointed at the tip. The seeds are black or brown, shiny, and diagonal, triangular, or rectangular.



TAXON

Kingdom: Plantae
Phylum: Tracheophyta
Subphylum: Angiospermae
Class: Magnoliopsida
Order: Malvales
Family: Malvaceae
Subfamily: Helicteroideae
Tribe: Helictereae
Genus: Helicteres Pluk. ex L. in Sp. Pl.: 963 (1753)
Species: Helicteres isora L. in Sp. Pl.: 963 (1753)

HETEROTYPIC SYNONYMS

Helicteres baruensis var. ovata DC. in Prodr. 1: 476 (1824)
Helicteres chrysocalyx Miq. ex Mast. in J.D.Hooker, Fl. Brit. India 1: 365 (1874)
Helicteres corylifolia Buch.-Ham. ex Dillwyn in Rev. Hortus Malab.: 28 (1839)
Helicteres grewiifolia DC. (1824)
Helicteres isora var. glabrescens Mast. (1874)
Helicteres isora var. microphylla Hassk. in Flora 39: 514 (1856)
Helicteres isora var. tomentosa Mast. (1874)
Helicteres jamaicensis Lam. in Encycl. 3: 87 (1789)
Helicteres macrophylla Wight in R.Wight & G.A.W.Arnott, Prodr. Fl. Ind. Orient. 1: 60 (1834)
Helicteres ovata var. fructus-regis Lam. (1789)
Helicteres ovata var. isora-murri Lam. (1789)
Helicteres roxburghii G.Don in Gen. Hist. 1: 506 (1831)
Isora corylifolia Schott & Endl. in Melet. Bot.: 31 (1832)
Ixora versicolor Hassk. in Tijdschr. Ned.-Indië 10: 135 (1843)

PUBLICATIONS

Balkrishna, A. (2018). Flora of Morni Hills (Research & Possibilities): 1-581. Divya Yoga Mandir Trust.

Kotiya, A., Solanki, Y. & Reddy, G.V. (2020). Flora of Rajasthan: 1-769. Rajasthan state biodiversity board.

Kress, W.J., DeFilipps, R.A., Farr, E. & Kyi, D.Y.Y. (2003). A Checklist of the Trees, Shrubs, Herbs and Climbers of Myanmar. Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 45: 1-590. Smithsonian Institution.

Lê, T.C. (2003). Danh lục các loài thực vật Việt Nam 2: 1-1203. Hà Nội : Nhà xuất bản Nông nghiệp.

Maliya, S.D. & Datt, B. (2010). A contribution to the flora of Katarniyaghat wildlife sanctuary, Baharaich district, Uttar Pradesh. Journal of Economic and Taxonomic Botany 34: 42-68.

Mao, A.A. & Dash, S.S. (2020). Flowering Plants of India an Annotated Checklist (Dicotyledons) 1: 1-970. Botanical Survey of India.

Meena, S.L. (2012). A checklist of the vascular plants of Banaskantha district, Gujarat, India. Nelumbo 54: 39-91.

Nasir, E. & Ali, S.I. (eds.) (1970-1995). Flora of West Pakistan 1-131. Newman, M., Ketphanh, S., Svengsuksa, B., Thomas, P., Sengdala, K., Lamxay, V. & Armstrong, K. (2007). A checklist of the vascular plants of Lao PDR: 1-394. Royal Botanic Gardens, Edinburgh.

Pandey, R.P. & Dilwakar, P.G. (2008). An integrated check-list flora of Andaman and Nicobar islands, India. Journal of Economic and Taxonomic Botany 32: 403-500.

Pasha, M.K. & Uddin, S.B. (2013). Dictionary of plant names of Bangladesh, Vasc. Pl.: 1-434. Janokalyan Prokashani, Chittagong, Bangladesh.

Sikarwar, R.L.S. (2014). Angiosperm diversity assessment of Chitrakootthe legendary place of Vindhyan range, India. Journal of Economic and Taxonomic Botany 38: 563-619.

Smith, A.C. (1981). Flora Vitiensis Nova. A new flora for Fiji (Spermatophytes only) 2: 1-810. Pacific Tropical Botanical Garden, Lawai.

Turner, I.M. (1995 publ. 1997). A catalogue of the Vascular Plants of Malaya. Gardens' Bulletin Singapore 47(2): 347-655.

Wu, Z., Raven, P.H. & Hong, D. (eds.) (2007). Flora of China 12: 1-534. Science Press (Beijing) & Missouri Botanical Garden Press (St. Louis).

VERNACULAR NAME

Assamese: Aantmoraa, Mriga shing
Australia: Screw tree
Bengali: আন্তামোরা Antamora
Burmese: သူး-ဂနိုင်ချေ Thoo-gnaichay
Chinese (simplified): 火索麻
Chinese (traditional): 扭蒴山芝麻
English: Indian screw tree, East Indian screw tree, Screw tree, Red isora, Deer's horn
Gujarati: Maradashingh, Aantedi, Hatedi, Mardashingi
Hindi: मरोड़फली - ऐता - ऐतुम - भेंदू - जोंकफल Marodphali, Aita, Aitum, Bhendu, Jonkphal
Indonesia: Kayu ules
Japanese: ネジトウガラシ
Java: Ulet-ulet, Jelumpang, Dlumpangan
Kachchhi: Aanted, Aantijo jhad
Kannada: Yedamuri, Yedmuri, Kempukaaveri, Bhutakarulu, Chuchulu, Edamuri gida, Kadakalnaru, Kavargi, Kauri, Murudi, Murugikaayi gida,
Muradaarasingi, Murudaarasingi
Konkani: Kevan
Lithuanian: Suktavaisis laupis
Malayalam: Edampiri-Valampiri, Idampiri valampiri, Eeswaramoori, Kaivum, Kayinaru, Kayivilanaru, Kayivoolam, Kayyunanna, Valampiri, Eeswaramooli, Ransvaramulla
Malaysia: Cabai Pintal, Chabai tali, chabai lintal, kayu ulas
Marathi: Kewad, muradsheng, Ati, Kewan, Murudseng, dhamani, Kevan
Nepali: कपास - मारोर्फली - मृगासिङ्गा - फरसा Kapaase, Marorphali, Mrigasingaa, Phaarsaa
Odia: Murmuri
Oria: Murmuriya, Muri-muri, Kurkurbicha
Punjabi: Maror phali
Rajasthani: Marorphali
Russian: Геликтерес изора
Sanskrit: Avartani, avartphala, Ajasrngi, Avartani, Mrgasrngi, Murva
Sinhala: ලිනියා Liniya
Slovak: Pokrútenec lieskolistý
Sunda: Puteran
Tamil: வேலம்புரி - வடம்பிரி - கைவ - இடம்புரி - இடபுரி - வலம்-புரி Velampuri, Vadampiri, Kaiva, Idampuri, Itampuri, Valam-puri
Telugu: Nulitada, Nulita, Kavanchi, Syamali, Purikaya, Guba tada, Nuli tada, Valambiri, Vadambiri
Thai: ปอบิด
Tulu: Balamuri
Urdu: مرور پھلی۔ Maror phali
Vietnam: Duôi chôn

Aryo Bandoro
Dlium TheDlium
YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@Dlium
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