P. maximum reproduces in very large pols, fibrous roots penetrate into the soil, upright stems, green, 1-1.5 m tall and have smooth cavities for diameters up to 2.5 mm. Propagation is done vegetatively and generatively.
Ribbon-shaped leaves with a pointed tip, very many, built in lines, green, 40-105 cm long, 10-30 mm wide, erect, branched, a white linear bone, often covered with a layer of white wax, rough surface by hair short, dense and spread.
The flower grows at the end of a long and upright stalk, open with the main axis length to more than 25 cm and the length of the bunches down to 20 cm. Grains have a size of 3x4 mm and oval. Seeds have a length of 2.25-2.50 mm and each 1 kg contains 1.2 - 1.5 million seeds.
Guinea grass has two varieties. Panicum maximum var. pubiglume to 1.5-4.2 m high, dark green leaves and fine stem segments. Panicum maximum var. trichoglume has a height of 1.0 m. Both varieties are used as one of the best grass species for beef cattle productivity.
Buffalo grass has a very good adaptation, grows up to an altitude of 1200 m in rocky landscaping with thin sand layers, poorly drained soil, tolerant to dry conditions, tolerant to shade and still produces normally at 30-50% light intensity.
Kingdom: Plantae
Phylum: Tracheophyta
Subphylum: Angiospermae
Class: Liliopsida
Order: Poales
Family: Poaceae
Subfamily: Panicoideae
Tribe: Paniceae
Genus: Panicum
Species: Panicum maximum
Varieties: Panicum maximum var. pubiglume, Panicum maximum var. trichoglume
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