Chinese banyan (Ficus microcarpa) is a species of plant in Moraceae, a tropical tree, large trunk and strong wood, wide canopy like an umbrella, aerial roots to the ground to grow into a trunk, bright round fruit, widely planted as shade trees and bonsai.
F. microcarpa has a height of up to 76 meters, horizontal branching, smooth, light gray bark and many long aerial roots that touch the ground to form new tree trunks that remain connected to the main tree.
Leaves oblong, 5-6 cm long, blunt or sharp tip, thickened edge, a bone in the middle and several sideways veins. The upper surface is dark green and shiny, the lower surface is lighter and the stalk is short.
The fruit is about 1 cm in size and is oval in shape with a slightly sharp base. The surface has raised white spots, light green when young, reddish white when ripe and black to dry out.
The Chinese banyan as a tropical and subtropical species requires a warm and humid climate in rainforests, river banks, beaches, swamps and mangroves. In cities it grows wild in cracks, walls, buildings and other masonry elements. This species is tolerant of soil moisture and urban pollutants.
TAXON
Kingdom: Plantae
Phylum: Tracheophyta
Subphylum: Angiospermae
Class: Magnoliopsida
Order: Rosales
Family: Moraceae
Tribe: Ficeae
Genus: Ficus Tourn. ex L. in Sp. Pl.: 1059 (1753)
Species: Ficus microcarpa L.f. in Suppl. Pl.: 442 (1782)
Varieties: Ficus microcarpa var. hillii (F.M.Bailey) Corner, Ficus microcarpa var. microcarpa
HOMOTYPIC SYNONYMS
Urostigma microcarpum (L.f.) Miq. in London J. Bot. 6: 583 (1847)
PUBLICATIONS
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Newman, M., Ketphanh, S., Svengsuksa, B., Thomas, P., Sengdala, K., Lamxay, V. & Armstrong, K. (2007). A checklist of the vascular plants of Lao PDR: 1-394. Royal Botanic Gardens, Edinburgh.
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VERNACULAR NAME
Afrikaans: Maleise baniaan
Arabic: تين الستار - تين الهند الصيني - غارهندي - فيكس عادي
Australia: Small-fruited fig
Chinese (simplified): 榕树 - 正榕 - 细叶榕
Chinese (traditional): 榕樹 - 正榕 - 細葉榕
Czech: Fíkovník maloplodý
Danish: Laurbærfigen
English: Chinese banyan, Curtain fig, Indian laurel, Small-fruited fig, Ficus malacocarpa, Hill's weeping fig, Malayan banyan, Glossy-leaf fig
Estonian: Väikeseviljaline viigipuu
Filipino: Baleteng-liitan
Finnish: Varjoviikuna
French: Arbre de l'intendance, Laurier d'Inde
German: Chinesische Feige, Ficus ginseng, Indischer lorbeer, Lorbeer-feige
Greek: Φίκος ο μικρόκαρπος
Guangdong: 細葉榕
Hebrew: פיקוס השדרות
Hindi: चिलकन - कामरूप Chilkan, Kamarup
Hong Kong: 細葉榕
Indonesia: Kimeng, Beringin kimeng, Beringin Cina, Pohon salam India, Tirai ara, Gajumaru
Italian: Ficus a frutti piccoli
Japanese: ガジュマル
Java: Preh, Ganjamuru
Kannada: Kiru goli, Peeladamara, Pinapala, Pinivala
Konkani: Dhavidekgol
Lithuanian: Smulkiavaisis fikusas
Macao: 細葉榕
Malayalam: Ithi, Ithiyal, Kallithi, Iththiyaath, Kalliththi
Malaysia: Jawi Jawi, Jejawi
Manipuri: Khongnang
Marathi: Nandaruka, Nandarukha
Mizo: Ri-hnim
Nepali: जामु Jaamu
Oria: Jida
Palauan: Lulk
PNG: Magi
Polish: Figowiec tępy, Fikus tępy
Portuguese: Figueira microcarpa, Figueira-asiática
Russian: Фикус мелкоплодный
Sanskrit: Nandivriksh
Slovak: Figovník maloplodý
Spanish: Laurel de las Indias
Swedish: Citronfikus
Taiwan: 榕樹 - 正榕
Tamil: கல்லிச்சி - கல் இச்சி Kallichchi, Kal Ichi
Telugu: Billa juvvi, Helodaga, Hema vudaga, Juvvi, Konda juvvi, Yerra juvvi
Thai: ไทรย้อยใบทู่
Turkish: Küçük Meyveli İncir
United Kingdom: Indian laurel
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