Coleus (Coleus scutellarioides) is a species of plant in the Lamiaceae, shrub, evergreen, erect, up to 100 cm tall, woody-based, flowering and widely grown for its decorative variegated leaves found in cultivated varieties.
C. scutellarioides has fibrous roots, upright stems, square with four corners, bright green in color, branching to form tridents and often dark in color, more or less four-sided.
The leaves have a very varied shape and color, slightly fleshy, 1.5-10 cm long, 1-6 cm wide, generally oval in shape and have long stalks. The tips are pointed to rounded, the margins are generally scalloped and hairs on both sides.
Inflorescences at the ends of the stems, vary widely in size and up to 4 cm long. The petals are bell-shaped, up to 5-10 mm long and bluish-purple in color. The stamens join about half the length and are covered by the upper lip of the flower. The fruit is black and 1 mm long.
TAXON
Kingdom: Plantae
Phylum: Tracheophyta
Subphylum: Angiospermae
Class: Magnoliopsida
Order: Lamiales
Family: Lamiaceae
Subfamily: Nepetoideae
Tribe: Ocimeae
Subtribe: Plectranthinae
Genus: Coleus Lour. in Fl. Cochinch.: 372 (1790)
Species: Coleus scutellarioides (L.) Benth. in N.Wallich, Pl. Asiat. Rar. 2: 16 (1830)
HOMOTYPIC SYNONYMS
Calchas scutellarioides (L.) P.V.Heath in Calyx 6: 51 (1999)
Majana scutellariodes (L.) Kuntze in Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 524 (1891)
Ocimum scutellarioides L. in Sp. Pl., ed. 2.: 834 (1763)
Plectranthus aromaticus Roxb. in Hort. Bengal.: 45 (1814)
Plectranthus scutellarioides (L.) R.Br. in Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland.: 506 (1810)
Solenostemon scutellarioides (L.) Codd in Bothalia 11: 439 (1975)
HETEROTYPIC SYNONYMS
Calchas acuminatus (Benth.) P.V.Heath in Calyx 5: 160 (1996)
Calchas atropurpureus (Benth.) P.V.Heath (1997)
Calchas crispipilus (Merr.) P.V.Heath (1996)
Calchas scutellarioides var. angustifolia (Benth.) P.V.Heath (1999)
Calchas scutellarioides var. crispipilus (Merr.) P.V.Heath (1999)
Calchas scutellarioides var. limnophila (Benth.) P.V.Heath (1999)
Coleus acuminatus Benth. in Linnaea 6: 81 (1831)
Coleus atropurpureus Benth. (1830)
Coleus atropurpureus var. densiflorus Benth. in Labiat. Gen. Spec.: 54 (1832)
Coleus atropurpureus var. javanicus Benth. in A.P.de Candolle, Prodr. 12: 74 (1848)
Coleus atropurpureus var. ramosus Benth. (1830)
Coleus batemannii T.Moore in Gard. Chron. 1868: 377 (1868)
Coleus bausei T.Moore (1868)
Coleus bellotii Jacob-Makoy in Nursery Cat. (L.Jacob-Makoy & Co.) 114: [94] (1870)
Coleus berkeleyi T.Moore (1868)
Coleus blancoi Benth. (1848)
Coleus blumei Benth. (1832)
Coleus blumei var. marshallii (T.Moore) Rothsch. in Pl. Feuill. Col., n.s., 2: t. 37 (1869)
Coleus blumei var. murrayi (T.Moore) Rothsch. (1869)
Coleus blumei var. pectinatus C.Morren in Belgique Hort. 6: 99 (1856)
Coleus blumei var. telfordii (McPhail ex H.Laurentius) Rothsch. (1869)
Coleus blumei var. verschaffeltii (Lem.) Sved., Junell & Örtendahl in Index Seminum (UPS, Upsaliensi) 1928: 10 (1929)
Coleus clarkei T.Moore (1868)
Coleus crispipilus (Merr.) Merr. in Philipp. J. Sci., C 5: 382 (1910)
Coleus dixii T.Moore (1868)
Coleus eureka Mast. in Gard. Chron., ser. 3, 5: 808 (1889)
Coleus formosanus Hayata in J. Coll. Sci. Imp. Univ. Tokyo 22: 320 (1906)
Coleus gaudichaudii Briq. in Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 2: 237 (1898)
Coleus gibbsiae S.Moore in L.S.Gibbs, Fl. Arfak Mts.: 178 (1917)
Coleus gibsonii J.Veitch f. in Gard. Chron. 1866: 432 (1866)
Coleus grandifolius Blanco in Fl. Filip.: 482 (1837)
Coleus grandifolius Benth. (1832)
Coleus hendersonii Regel in Gartenflora 28: 244 (1879)
Coleus hybridus Cobeau in Arch. Bot. Sist. 4: 35 (1928)
Coleus igolotorum Briq. (1898)
Coleus ingratus (Blume) Benth. (1832)
Coleus integrifolius Elmer in Leafl. Philipp. Bot. 7: 2696 (1915)
Coleus laciniatus (Blume) Benth. (1832)
Coleus macranthus Merr. in Philipp. J. Sci. 1(Suppl.): 234 (1906)
Coleus macranthus var. crispipilus Merr. (1906)
Coleus marmoratus W.Bull in Proc. Roy. Hort. Soc. London 4: 133 (1864)
Coleus marshallii T.Moore (1868)
Coleus morletii Jacob-Makoy (1870)
Coleus multicolor J.H.Veitch ex Kellock in Gard. Chron., n.s., 7: 571 (1877)
Coleus multiflorus Benth. (1832)
Coleus murrayi T.Moore (1868)
Coleus pictus Van Houtte in Nursery Cat. (Louis van Houtte) 177: Suppl. (1878-1879 publ. 1878)
Coleus pubescens Merr. in Philipp. J. Sci., C 3: 432 (1909)
Coleus pumilus Blanco (1837)
Coleus rehneltianus A.Berger in Beibl. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 120: 197 (1917)
Coleus reveesii T.Moore (1868)
Coleus ruckeri T.Moore (1868)
Coleus saundersii T.Moore (1868)
Coleus savannicola K.Schum. in K.M.Schumann & C.A.G.Lauterbach, Fl. Schutzgeb. Südsee: 529 (1900)
Coleus scottii T.Moore (1868)
Coleus scutellarioides var. angustifolius Benth. in Fl. Austral. 5: 80 (1870)
Coleus scutellarioides var. blumei (Benth.) Miq. in Fl. Ned. Ind. 2: 950 (1858)
Coleus scutellarioides var. celebicus Miq. (1858)
Coleus scutellarioides var. crispipilus (Merr.) H.Keng in Gard. Bull. Singapore 24: 56 (1969)
Coleus scutellarioides var. gibbsiae (S.Moore) Keng (1969)
Coleus scutellarioides var. gracilis Miq. (1858)
Coleus scutellarioides var. grandifolius (Benth.) Keng (1969)
Coleus scutellarioides var. ingratus (Blume) Miq. (1858)
Coleus scutellarioides var. integrifolius (Elmer) Keng (1969)
Coleus scutellarioides var. laciniatus (Blume) Miq. (1858)
Coleus scutellarioides var. laxus Benth. (1870)
Coleus scutellarioides var. limnophilus Benth. (1870)
Coleus scutellarioides ruber Jacob-Makoy in Nursery Cat. (L.Jacob-Makoy & Co.) 102: 2 (1863)
Coleus secundiflorus Benth. (1832)
Coleus telfordii McPhail ex H.Laurentius in Nursery Cat. (Laurentius'schen Gärtnerei) 40: 3 (1868)
Coleus thomasii Jacob-Makoy (1870)
Coleus veitchii Dombrain in Fl. Mag. (London) 6: t. 345 (1867)
Coleus verschaffeltii Lem. in Ill. Hort. 8: t. 293 (1861)
Coleus verschaffeltii var. marmoratus (W.Bull) André in Pl. Feuill. Ornem.: 144 (1866)
Coleus verschaffeltii var. splendens Anon. in Garden (London, 1871-1927) 5: 54 (1874)
Coleus zschokkei Merr. (1910)
Germanea nudiflora Poir. in Encycl., Suppl. 2: 763 (1812)
Majana acuminata (Benth.) Kuntze (1891)
Majana blancoi (Benth.) Kuntze (1891)
Majana grandifolia (Benth.) Kuntze (1891)
Majana multiflora (Benth.) Kuntze (1891)
Majana pumila (Blanco) Kuntze (1891)
Majana scutellarioides var. atropurpureus (Benth.) Kuntze (1891)
Majana scutellarioides var. blumei (Benth.) Kuntze (1891)
Majana secundiflora (Benth.) Kuntze (1891)
Ocimum peltatum Schweigg. ex Schrank in Denkschr. Königl.-Baier. Bot. Ges. Regensburg 2: 55 (1822)
Perilla nankinensis Wender. in Linnaea 29: 726 (1859)
Plectranthus blumei (Benth.) Launert in Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 7: 301 (1968)
Plectranthus ingratus Blume in Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind.: 836 (1826)
Plectranthus laciniatus Blume (1826)
Plectranthus merrillii H.Keng in Fl. Males., Ser. 1, Spermat. 8: 391 (1978)
Plectranthus nudiflorus (Poir.) Willd. in Sp. Pl., ed. 4. 3: 168 (1800)
Plectranthus scutellarioides Blume (1826)
Solenostemon blumei (Benth.) M.Gómez in Bol. Secr. Agric. Comerc. Trab., Cuba 22: 127 (1914)
Solenostemon verschaffeltii (Lem.) M.Gómez (1914)
Stenogyne fauriei H.Lév. in Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 10: 150 (1911)
Polypodium ovatum Burm.f. in Fl. Indica: 233 (1768)
PUBLICATIONS
Kotiya, A., Solanki, Y. & Reddy, G.V. (2020). Flora of Rajasthan: 1-769. Rajasthan state biodiversity board.
MacKee, H.S. (1994). Catalogue des plantes introduites et cultivées en Nouvelle-Calédonie, ed. 2: 1-164. Museum national d'histoire naturelle, Paris.
Nurtjahya, E. & al. (2026). Flowering Plants of Bangka Island: Native and Introduced. Acta Botanica Hungarica 68: 127-156.
Paton, A.J., Mwanyambo, M. Govaerts, R.H.A., Smitha, K., Suddee, S., Phillipson, P.B., Wilson, T.C., Forster, P.I. & Culham, A. (2019). Nomenclatural changes in Coleus and Plectranthus (Lamiaceae): A tale of more than two genera. PhytoKeys 129: 1-158.
Plunkett, G.M., Ranker, T.A., Sam, C. & Balick, M.J. (2022). Towards a checklist of the vascular flora of Vanuatu. Candollea 77: 105-118.
Welsh, S.L. (1998). Flora Societensis: 1-420. E.P.S. Inc. Utah.
VERNACULAR NAME
Batak: Sigresing
Bugis: Ati-ati, Panci-panci
Chinese (simplified): 五彩苏
Chinese (traditional): 五彩蘇 - 小鞘蕊花 - 彩葉草 - 洋紫蘇
Czech: Pochvatec šišákovitý
Danish: Paletblad
Dayak Ma'anyan: Sarindrang
English: Coleus, Common coleus, Painted nettle, Dwarf coleus, Flame nettle, Painted leaves
Filipino: Mayana, Maliana, Badiara
Finnish: Isokirjopeippi, Värinokkonen
French: Plectranthe fausse-scutellaire
German: Buntblatt
Hong Kong: 彩葉草
Indonesian: Miana, Iler
Japanese: キランジソ
Java: Iler, Kentangan
Lithuanian: Darželinis gumbinas
Macao: 彩葉草
Madura: Dhinkamandhinan
Malaysia: Daun ati-ati, Ati-ati merah, Ati-ati besar, Kentongan
Manahasa: Serewung
Melayu: Adang-adang
Palembang: Adong-adong, Adang-adang
PNG: Jangata, Jeune, Okavu
Polish: Koleus Blumego, Pochwiatka Blumego
Portuguese: Coleus
Russian: Колеус ароматный - Плектрантус ароматный - Шпороцветник ароматный
Slovak: Koleus šišakovitý
Spanish: Chirrite, Cretona, Manto, Manto asiático, Payasito, Tocador
Sunda: Jawek Kotok
Swedish: Palettblad
Tagalog: Mayana
Taiwan: 小鞘蕊花 - 彩葉草
Thai: ฤๅษีผสม
Toraja: Bulunangko
Turkish: Yaprak Güzeli
Ukrainian: Колеус Блюме
Vietnam: Tiá tô tây
Aryo Bandoro
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