Golden shower tree (Cassia fistula)

Tengguli or trengguli or kolobur or golden shower tree (Cassia fistula) is a species of plant in the Fabaceae, bright yellow flowers, dropping leaves, up to 20 meters high, branch-free stems about 5 meters, crown wide and spreading, bark pale gray and smooth when young, dark brown and rough when aged.

C. fistula has leaves arranged alternately, compound, even pinnate and 30-40 cm long. Leaf units have 3-8 pairs, 6-20 cm long, 3.5-9 cm wide, elongated ovate and short hairs.

The inflorescences are terminal bunches that hang and are 15-40 cm long. Fragrant flowers and 5 units of petals. The crown is 2-3.5 cm long and is bright yellow in color. The bottom three stamens are S-shaped and longer than the others.

The pods are cylindrical, 20-45 cm long, 1.5 cm wide, hanging, young dark green, dark black and cracked. The inside is divided by partitions into chambers containing 1 seed and each pod contains 25-100 seeds.

The seeds are flat and brown in color, transverse in space, separated by a bulkhead and a kind of sticky flesh and blackish brown in color.

Tengguli grows in tropical deciduous forests, is shade-tolerant, drought-resistant, tolerates rainfall of 480-2720 mm/year, annual temperature of 18-29C and soil pH of 5.5-8.7.

Kolobur is widely used for medicinal and ornamental trees. The pods, seeds, leaves, flowers and bark are used as a laxative, to clean wounds and ulcers, to clean skin fungus, to treat fever and diabetes.

The bark produces bright yellow tannins as a material for making horse shoes or clothing. Good quality wood, durable, strong, solid, heavy, hard, pale yellow to reddish in color and the inner wood is blackish gray. Wood has strong class II and durable class II.

Kingdom: Plantae
Phylum: Tracheophyta
Subphylum: Angiospermae
Class: Magnoliopsida
Order: Fabales
Family: Fabaceae
Subfamily: Caesalpinioideae
Tribe: Cassieae
Subtribe: Cassiinae
Genus: Cassia
Species: Cassia fistula

Lolot (Piper sarmentosum)

Lolot pepper ( Piper sarmentosum ) is a species of plant in Piperaceae, perennial herb, erect or lodging, creeping rhizome, up to 120 cm long, branched, enlarged branches, cylindrical stems, brown or green, often grooved, growing on the forest floor and shade. P. sarmentosum has leaf stalks up to 15 cm long, up to 13 cm wide, green, alternately arranged, heart-shaped, pointed tips and flat margins. The leaves have 5 main veins from the base of the blade, linear and slightly curved to the tip, glands on the upper surface and many fine pinnate veins. The upper side is shiny green, the lower side is pale green. The flowers are white. The fruit grows in the upper armpit of the leaf, is slightly oval and green. The leaves are used as a medicine for asthma, malaria, stomach ache, tinea versicolor, toothache, difficulty urinating, aches and pains, maintaining stamina, antibacterial, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and so on. TAXON Kingdom: Plantae Phylum: Tracheophyta Subphylum: Angiosperma...

East Indian globe thistle (Sphaeranthus indicus)

Gorakhmundi or gorakh mundi or mundi buti ka phool or mundi booti ka phool or sembung delan or East Indian globe thistle ( Sphaeranthus indicus ) is a species of plant in Asteroideae, a perennial, multi-branched, strong fragrance with erect stems, winged and toothed wings, growing wild in rice fields forming colonies, dense open rugs in the tropics. S. indicus has alternating sitting leaves, oval, narrow at the base, toothed and serrated, 1-3 cm long and green. Leaves 2-7 cm long, 1-3 wide, broad and deep wings, continuing into a large bone in the center of the leaf to a sharp tip and several lateral veins. The flower is round, grows at the tip, has a large and long stalk, is purple in color, 8-15 mm in size, consists of many tiny flowers, green or red or purple and has pale purple stamens. Head ovate-ellipsoid and 12-15 mm long. Phyllaries are white and have purple crest. Female flowers have a corolla tube 2-2.5 mm long. The bisexual flowers are 2.3-3 mm long and the hardened pa...

Sausage tree (Kigelia africana)

Sausage Tree ( Kigelia africana ) is a species of tree in the Bignoniaceae family, growing up to 24 meters tall with low, spreading branches. The bark is dark gray to light brown, up to 6 mm thick, scaly, creamy white underside, and the branches are marked with lenticels. The wood is light brown or yellowish. This tree grows at elevations of 0-3000 meters. The leaves are arranged alternately along the stem and are divided into several pairs of minor leaflets and a single minor leaflet at the tip. Each leaflet is up to 50 cm long and has 3-6 pairs of opposite minor leaflets. The minor leaflets are oval to narrow and pointed, 7-20 cm long and 4-12 cm wide. The margins are smooth, sometimes slightly serrated. The upper side is glossy green, the underside pale green, smooth or finely hairy. The central vein is sunken on the upper side, with 7-12 pairs of prominent lateral veins visible below. The inflorescences hang from flexible branches up to 7.5 meters long. The flowers are bell-shap...

Dlium