Skip to main content

Sea hibiscus (Hibiscus tiliaceus)

Dlium Sea hibiscus (Hibiscus tiliaceus)

Waru or sea hibiscus (Hibiscus tiliaceus) is a species in the Malvaceae, a small tree, 5-15 meters high, the stem grows straighter and the crown narrower on fertile soils, while the trunk grows crooked and the crown widens on arid soil.

H. tiliaceus has leaves with long stalks. Strands circular or ovoid or heart shaped, flat edge, diameter up to 19 cm. Veins with glands at the base. The underside has gray hair. The supporting leaves are oval in shape, 2.5 cm long and leave marks at the ends of the branches.





Flowers solitary or in bunches with 2-5 florets. Additional petals 8-11 items, more than half attached. Petals 2.5 cm long and 5 items. Fan-shaped crown, 5-7.5 cm wide. The flowers bloom yellow in the morning, turn orange in the afternoon and turn red in the evening, before finally falling.

Fruit egg-shaped, short beak, imperfect 5 chambers and opens with 5 valves. The seeds are small and light brown. Taproot and yellowish white.

This tree has high adaptability, is tolerant of drought and flooding. Grows well in hot areas with rainfall 800-2000 mm/year. Common in sandy coasts, mangroves and riparian forests. This species grows wild in forests, agricultural land and roadsides.

The leaves contain saponins, flavonoids and polyphenols, while the roots contain saponins, flavonoids and tannins. This plant contains Cyanidin-3-glucoside as the main anthocyanin found in flowers. The leaves exhibited strong free radical scavenging activity and the highest tyrosinase inhibitory activity among 39 tropical plant species.

Light wood, quite dense, fine structure and not too hard. Bluish gray or pseudo purple or purplish brown or greenish. Tough and durable survive in the soil. Commonly used as building materials, boats, cartwheels, tool handles, carving and firewood. Bark is soaked and beaten to obtain fiber and rope for further use as the basis for making nets and bags.

Leaves for animal feed. Young leaves are used as vegetables and soy sauce fermentation process. The leaves are crushed to treat boils, hair fertilizer. Young leaves are boiled with sugar to dissolve phlegm in severe coughs. Leaf buds are used to treat dysentery and mucus in children. Root for fever medicine.

TAXON

Kingdom: Plantae
Phylum: Tracheophyta
Subphylum: Angiospermae
Class: Magnoliopsida
Order: Malvales
Family: Malvaceae
Subfamily: Malvoideae
Tribe: Hibisceae
Genus: Hibiscus L. in Sp. Pl.: 693 (1753)
Species: Hibiscus tiliaceus L. in Sp. Pl.: 694 (1753)
Subspecies: Hibiscus tiliaceus subsp. crestaensis Borss.Waalk., Hibiscus tiliaceus subsp. pernambucensis (Arruda) A.Cast., Hibiscus tiliaceus subsp. tiliaceus
Variety: Hibiscus tiliaceus var. potteri (O.Deg. & Greenwell) H.St.John

HOMOTYPIC SYNONYMS

Hibiscus tiliaceus var. genuinus Hochr. in Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 4: 63 (1900)
Hibiscus tiliifolius Salisb. in Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton: 383 (1796)
Parita tiliaceus (L.) Scop. in Intr. Hist. Nat.: 282 (1777)
Pariti tiliaceum (L.) A.Juss. in Fl. Bras. Merid. 1: 256 (1825)
Pariti tiliifolium Nakai in Fl. Sylv. Kor. 21: 101 (1936)
Talipariti tiliaceum (L.) Fryxell in Contr. Univ. Michigan Herb. 23: 258 (2001)

PUBLICATIONS

Barooah, C. & Ahmed, I. (2014). Plant diversity of Assam. A checklist of Angiosperms and Gymnosperms: 1-599. Assam science technology and environment council, India.

Barthelat, F. (2019). La flore illustrée de Mayotte: 1-687. Biotope éditions.

Chayamarit, K. & Balslev, H. (eds.) (2019). Flora of Thailand 14(2): 185-358. The Forest Herbarium, Royal Forest Department.

Dassanayake (ed.) (1997). A Revised Handbook to the Flora of Ceylon 11: 1-420. Oxford & IBH Publishing Co. PVT. LTD., New Delhi, Calcutta.

Iwatsuki, K., Boufford, D.E. & Ohba, H. (eds.) (1999). Flora of Japan IIc: 1-328. Kodansha Ltd., Tokyo.

Lê, T.C. (2003). Danh lục các loài thực vật Việt Nam 2: 1-1203. Hà Nội : Nhà xuất bản Nông nghiệp.

Mao, A.A. & Dash, S.S. (2020). Flowering Plants of India an Annotated Checklist (Dicotyledons) 1: 1-970. Botanical Survey of India.

Meyer, J.-Y. (2017). Guide des plantes de Wallis et Futuna: 1-486. Au vent des iles, editions, Tahiti.

Newman, M., Ketphanh, S., Svengsuksa, B., Thomas, P., Sengdala, K., Lamxay, V. & Armstrong, K. (2007). A checklist of the vascular plants of Lao PDR: 1-394. Royal Botanic Gardens, Edinburgh.

Plunkett, G.M., Ranker, T.A., Sam, C. & Balick, M.J. (2022). Towards a checklist of the vascular flora of Vanuatu. Candollea 77: 105-118. Thaman, R.R. & Tye, A. (2015). Flora of Kiritimari (Christmass) atoll, Northern Line islands, Republic of Kiribati. Atoll Research Bulletin 608: 1-73.

Turner, I.M. (1995). A catalogue of the Vascular Plants of Malaya. Gardens' Bulletin Singapore 47(1): 1-346.

Whistler, W.A. (2022). Flora of Samoa Flowering Plants: 1-930. National Tropical Botanicl Garden. Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History.

VERNACULAR NAME

Assamese: Ratnakara Phula
Bali: Waru
Bengali: সমুদ্রের হিবিস্কাস - বোলা - চেলাবা - সমুদ্রাজাবা Samudrēra hibiskāsa, Bōlā, Cēlābā, Samudrājābā
Bikol: Malobago
Bislama: Burao
Burmese: ပင်လယ်ခရမ်းချဉ်သီး
Cebuano: Malabago, Malbago, Maribago, Lambago
Chinese (simplified): 黄槿
Chinese (traditional): 黃槿
English: Sea hibiscus, Beach hibiscus, Lagoon hibiscus, Coastal cottonwood, Coastal hibiscus, Green cottonwood, Cottonwood hibiscus
Filipino: Malabago, Dangliu, Ragindi
Hawaii: Hau
Hindi: समुद्री हिबिस्कस - चलवा - बोला - चेलवा - पोला - सफेद चीका Samudree hibiskas, Chalava, Bola, Chelava, Pola, Saphed cheeka
Indonesian: Waru, Baru, Waru laut, Dadap laut
Java: Waru, Waru laut, Waru lot, Waru lenga
Kannada: Bilipatta, Kaark Bendu, Samudra Theerada hatti, Kempu gogu
Khmer: ផ្កាឈូងសមុទ្រ
Konkani: Belipata, Kharikapusi
Lao: ດອກຊະບາທະເລ - ຮູຊວາ - ຕາຊົວ
Madura: Baru
Malagasy: Varo
Malayalam: Thaipparuthi, Aattuparuthi, Neerparuthi, Puzhapparuthi, Thalipparuthi, Velipparuthi
Malaysia: Baru, Bebaru
Maluku: Baru dowongi, Haru, Halu, Faru, Fanu, Papatale, Balo
Marathi: Belpata
Melayu: Baru
Nepali: समुद्री जाभा फुल Samudrī jābhā phula
Nusa Tenggara: Wau, Kabaru, Fau
Odia: Bania, Bananya
Oria: Bania, Halbali
Palauan: Cheremall, Chermal
Papua: Kasyanaf, Wakati
PNG: Banj, Pow, Valu
Pontianak: Dadap laut
Samoa: Fau
Sanskrit: Bala
Sinhala: මුහුදු හිබිස්කස් Muhudu hibiskas
Sulawesi: Lamogu, Molowagu
Sumatera: Siron, Buluh, Bou, Tob, Melanding
Sunda: Waru
Tagalog: Balibago
Tamil: கடல் செம்பருத்தி - காட்டுப்பூவரசு - நிற்பததி - அட்டுபருத்தி - நீர்-பி-பருத்தி - தாலி-பி-பருத்தி Kaṭal cemparutti, Kāṭṭuppūvaracu, Niṟpatati, Aṭṭuparutti, Nīr-pi-parutti, Tāli-pi-parutti
Telugu: Cherigogu, Chettugogu, Erragogu, Ettagogu, Seema Gangareni, Yetagogu
Thai: ปอทะเล
Tongan: Fau
Vietnam: Cây Vau

Aryo Bandoro
Dlium TheDlium
YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@Dlium
Labels:

Popular Posts

Philippine spinach (Talinum fruticosum)

Philippine spinach ( Talinum fruticosum ) is a species of plant in the Talinaceae family. It is an erect, non-woody herb, growing up to 100 cm tall. The leaves are radially arranged, up to 15 cm long and 5 cm wide, with a large central vein. The surface is smooth, shiny, dark green, and pinnate at the base. The inflorescences are in clusters. The flowers are fan-shaped with five red or white petals, with yellow anthers. Fruit round, up to 5 mm wide. This plant grows wild in colonies on forest floors, agricultural lands, roadsides, and abandoned areas. TAXON Kingdom: Plantae Phylum: Tracheophyta Subphylum: Angiospermae Class: Magnoliopsida Order: Caryophyllales Family: Talinaceae Genus: Talinum Adans. in Fam. Pl. 2: 245, 609 (1763) Species: Talinum fruticosum (L.) Juss. in Gen. Pl.: 312 (1789) HOMOTYPIC SYNONYMS Portulaca fruticosa L. in Syst. Nat., ed. 10. 2 (1759) HETEROTYPIC SYNONYMS Ruelingia triangularis (Jacq.) Ehrh. in Beitr. Naturk. Verw. Wiss. 3 (1788) Calandrinia andrewsii ...
Read more

Redflower ragleaf (Crassocephalum crepidioides)

Sintrong or ebolo or thickhead or redflower ragleaf ( Crassocephalum crepidioides ) is plant species in Asteraceae, terma height 25-100 cm, white fibrous roots, generally grow wild on the roadside, yard gardens or abandoned lands at altitude 200- 2500 m. C. crepidioides has erect or horizontal stems along the soil surface, vascular, soft, non-woody, shallow grooves, green, rough surface and short white hair, aromatic fragrance when squeezed. Petiole is spread on stems, tubular and eared. Single leaf, spread out, green, 8-20 cm long, 3-6 cm wide, longitudinal or round inverted eggshell with a narrow base along the stalk. Pointed tip, flat-edged or curved to pinnate, jagged rough and pointed. The top leaves are smaller and often sit. Compound flowers grow throughout the year in humps that are arranged in terminal flat panicles and androgynous. Green cuffs with orange-brown to brick-red tips, cylindrical for 13-16 mm long and 5-6 mm wide. The fruit is hard, slender elongated, has 10 r...
Read more

Srigati morning glory (Ipomoea trifida)

Srigati morning glory or threefork morning glory ( Ipomoea trifida ) is a species of plant in the Convolvulaceae family. It is a herbaceous, climbing, twining, cylindrical plant with green stems when young and brown when mature, and white hairs. The leaves are heart-shaped, plain or three-lobed, up to 9 cm long and 9 cm wide. The flowers are trumpet-shaped, reddish-white or purplish, with red or purple inner lobes, up to 4 cm long and 3.5 cm wide. This species grows as a ground cover and climbs into the forest canopy. It grows in forests, agricultural lands, roadsides, and abandoned areas. TAXON Kingdom: Plantae Phylum: Tracheophyta Subphylum: Angiospermae Class: Magnoliopsida Order: Solanales Family: Convolvulaceae Subfamily: Convolvuloideae Tribe: Ipomoeeae Genus: Ipomoea L. in Sp. Pl.: 159 (1753) Species: Ipomoea trifida (Kunth) G.Don in Gen. Hist. 4: 280 (1837) HOMOTYPIC SYNONYMS Convolvulus trifidus Kunth in F.W.H.von Humboldt, A.J.A.Bonpland & C.S.Kunth, Nov. Gen. Sp. 3: 1...
Read more