Marvel of Peru (Mirabilis jalapa)

Marvel of Peru or four o'clock flower (Mirabilis jalapa) is a plant species in the Nyctaginaceae, herbaceous perennial, 20-80 cm high, thick stem, quadrangular with many branches and rooted in knots and postures often flat, tubers blackish brown with a white filling and elongated round shape with a size of 7–9 cm and 2–5 cm in diameter

M. jalapa has blackish brown tubers, white inside, elongated round shape, 7-9 cm long and 2-5 cm in diameter. Leaves are heart-shaped, green, 2-11 cm long and 1-7 cm wide. Leaf base rounded, tapered tip and flat edge. Leaf stalks are 1-6 cm long.

The flowers are trumpet-shaped and come in many colors including red, white and yellow. Single seeded fruit, round, hard, wrinkled, yellow-green when young and black when ripe. Fruit can be made as a powder.

It is called the four o'clock flower because it usually blooms at four o'clock in the afternoon due to light stimulation or photonasty. This plant is included in the Dicotyledones class because it has two pieces of seeds, petals with multiples of 4-5 and finger veins.

The flower contains eight betaxanthins (indicaxanthin, vulgaxanthin-I, miraxanthin-I, II, III, IV, V and VI). The root contains rotenoid (mirabijalone A, B, C and D, 9-O-methyl-4-hydroxyboeravinone B, boeravinone C and boeravinone F, and 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1-methylisoquinoline-7,8-diol ). The seeds contain fatty acids (8-hydroxyoctadeca-cis-11,14-dienoic acid). The methanol extract produces β-sitosterol, stigmasterol, ursolic acid, oleanolic acid and brassicasterol.

The plant extract has antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans and moderate activity as an inhibitor of multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

Flowers are processed into fresh drinks. The content of betaxanthis, fatty acid substances and oil acid substances can be used as drugs to improve blood circulation and diuretics. Plants are also used to relieve tonsillitis, sore throat, coughing up blood, cancer, kidney stones, gallstones and diabetes, dysentery, infected wounds, bee stings and scorpions.

The leaves are used to reduce inflammation, treat abscesses and treat wounds. The seeds are considered toxic but can be powdered as a cosmetic and dye. The dried flower powder is used to treat headaches and the root decoction is used to wash wounds and treat skin conditions such as leprosy. The juice extracted from the flowers is used for herpes lesions and earaches. The juice extracted from the root is used to treat earaches, diarrhoea, dysentery, syphilis, liver infections and as a laxative.

Kingdom: Plantae
Phylum: Tracheophyta
Subphylum: Angiospermae
Class: Magnoliopsida
Order: Caryophyllales
Family: Nyctaginaceae
Genus: Mirabilis
Species: Mirabilis jalapa
Variety: Mirabilis jalapa var. jalapa, Mirabilis jalapa var. oaxacana

Sea almond (Terminalia catappa)

Ketapang or tropical almond or beach almond or talisay tree or umbrella tree or sea almond ( Terminalia catappa ) is a species of plant in the Combretaceae, a shady tree, fast growing, forming a multilevel canopy, often used as a shade tree in gardens and on roadsides. T. catappa grows large, up to 40 meters in height and up to 1.5 meters in trunk, shady canopy with branches that grow flat and terraced, young trees often look like pagodas while old and large trees often have aerial roots up to 3 meters. The leaves are scattered, mostly at the end of the twig, rounded egg upside down, 8-38 cm long, 5-19 cm wide, the tip is wide, the base is narrow, the upper surface is smooth, green but turns red if to fall out and short stalks. The flowers are small, collected near the tips of the twigs, 8-25 cm long and green-yellow in color. The flowers are not crowned, the petals have five taju, are plate or bell shaped, 4-8 mm long and are white or cream in color. Stamens in two circles and arra...

Asian foxtail (Uraria crinita)

Asian foxtail or cat's tail bean ( Uraria crinita ) is a species of plant in Fabaceae, a perennial, upright shrub with woody stems at least at the base, up to 2 meters high in forests, agricultural land, waterways, used as a medicinal herb, green manure and sometimes planted in the garden as an ornamental plant. U. crinita has elongated leaves, rounded base, pointed tip, a bone in the middle with several pinnate veins, rough surface, dark green with white spots. Petiole short or less than 0.5 cm and brownish red. Compound flower in spike shape, purple and white triangular crown. Long flower stalk, erect, 15-20 cm long and only at the end of the flower. The crown slowly falls off and leaves behind a stalk that is shaped like coir or light yellow pads. Asian foxtail grows in dry grasslands, open forests, trash cans, roadsides, sandy areas and sometimes in deciduous forests, elevations of 0-1500 meters and does not grow in waterlogged places. The different parts are often used in t...

Kunu buti (Mesosphaerum suaveolens)

Kunu buti ( Mesosphaerum suaveolens ) is a species of plant in the Lamiaceae family. It is an erect, herbaceous annual, growing up to 1.5 meters tall. Its cylindrical, rough, brown or green stem is hairy and white. It grows on forest floors, bushes, agricultural fields, and roadsides. Its roots are fibrous and brownish-yellow. M. suaveolens has single, opposite leaves, stalks 2-5 cm long and hairy. The leaf blades are green, hairy, oval, with pointed tips, blunt bases, serrated edges, up to 6 cm long, up to 5 cm wide, and pinnate veins. The flowers are compound, axillary, in clusters, perfect, and bisexual. The petals are attached, forming a tube, each tip elongated like a spine, soft, 3-10 mm long, and green. The corolla is attached, asymmetrically detached, 1-2 cm long, and purple. The fruit is single, hard, capsule-shaped, hairy on the surface, and green or brown in color. The seeds are round, small and blackish brown in color. TAXON Kingdom: Plantae Phylum: Tracheophyta Subphyl...

Dlium