Large-leaved uvaria (Uvaria littoralis)

Kalak or large-leaved uvaria (Uvaria littoralis) is a species of plant in Annonaceae, shrub or small tree, erect, woody, young branches are blackish brown with white spots, growing in clumps on the shaded forest floor, in teak forests, clay soil, limestone and rocky rocks.

U. littoralis has leaves in rows along the branches, zigzag, very short stalks and sitting alternately. The leaf blade is up to 25 cm long, up to 10 cm wide, pointed tip, heart base, a main vein in the middle with many small pinnate veins.

Fan-shaped flowers, blood red, yellow center. Fruits grow at the end of the bunch and radial with a 1-2 cm long stalk. Young fruit is round and yellow, ripe fruit is oval or elongated and red to blackish blue.

TAXON

Kingdom: Plantae
Phylum: Tracheophyta
Subphylum: Angiospermae
Class: Magnoliopsida
Order: Magnoliales
Family: Annonaceae
Subfamily: Annonoideae
Tribe: Uvarieae
Genus: Uvaria L. in Sp. Pl.: 536 (1753)
Species: Uvaria littoralis (Blume) Blume in Fl. Javae 21-22: 26 (1830)

HOMOTYPIC SYNONYMS

Unona littoralis Blume in Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind.: 16 (1825)
Uvaria gamopetala Zoll. in Linnaea 29: 310 (1858)
Uvaria littoralis var. miquelii Boerl. in Cat. Pl. Phan.: 14 (1899)
Uvaria ovalifolia var. normalis Miq. in Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 2: 7 (1865)

HETEROTYPIC SYNONYMS

Guatteria cordata Dunal in Monogr. Anonac.: 129 (1817)
Guatteria rufa Lindl. in Bot. Reg. 10: t. 836 (1824)
Unona camphorata Blanco in Fl. Filip.: 468 (1837)
Uva cordata (Dunal) Kuntze in Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 7 (1891)
Uva synsepala (Miq.) Kuntze (1891)
Uvaria acrantha Miq. in Fl. Ned. Ind., Eerste Bijv.: 368 (1861)
Uvaria cordata (Dunal) Wall. in Numer. List: n.° 6486 (1832)
Uvaria macrophylla Roxb. ex Wall. in Pl. Asiat. Rar. 2: 22 (1830)
Uvaria macrophylla var. glabrior Miq. (1861)
Uvaria ovalifolia Blume in Fl. Javae 21-22: 27 (1830)
Uvaria ovalifolia var. acrantha (Miq.) Miq. (1865)
Uvaria ovalifolia var. borneensis Miq. (1865)
Uvaria ovalifolia var. racemiflora Miq. (1865)
Uvaria rufescens A.DC. in Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 5: 202 (1832)
Uvaria sorzogonensis C.Presl in Reliq. Haenk. 2: 76 (1835)
Uvaria synsepala Miq. in J. Bot. Néerl. 1: 128 (1861)
Magnolia fasciculata P.Parm. in Bull. Sci. France Belgique 27: 265 (1895 publ. 1896)

PUBLICATIONS

Johnson, D.M. & Murray, N.A. (eds.) (2022). Flora of Thailand 16(1): 1-332. The Forest Herbarium, Royal Forest Department.

Turner, I.M. (2011). A catalogue of the Annonaceae of Borneo. Phytotaxa 36: 1-120.

Turner, I.M. (2012). Annonaceae of Borneo: a review of the climbing species. Gardens' Bulletin Singapore 64: 371-479.

Turner, I.M. (2018). Annonaceae of the Asia-Pacific region: names types and distribution. Gardens' Bulletin Singapore 70: 409-744.

VERNACULAR NAME

Chinese (Simplified): 海滨紫玉盘 - 紫玉盘
Chinese (Traditional): 紫玉盤
English: Large-leaved Uvaria
Indonesian: Kalak
Japanese: コミノムラサキボク
Thai: นมช้าง

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