Wana Tirta Mangrove Forest

Wana Tirta Mangrove Forest is a mangrove vegetation that grows in brackish water and is influenced by sea tides in Temon District, Kulonprogo Regency, Yogyakarta Province, Indonesia. This mangorve forest area grows a cape at the mouth of the Bogowonto River to enter the Indian Ocean.

This forest grows on top of the lubrication and accumulation of organic matter carried by the flow of the Bogowonto River which originates on Mount Sumbing. The bays are protected from the onslaught of waves and around the mouth of the river where the water slows down and settles the mud carried from upstream.

Vegetation

Species covering the Wana Tirta mangrove forest are Avicennia alba, Rhizopora mucronata, Sonneratia alba, Acanthus ilicifolius and Nypa fruticans.

Avicennia alba

Avecennia alba is a thicket or tree that grows spread, up to 25 meters high, the outer bark is grayish or dark and horizontal roots. The leaves are lanceolate or elliptical with a tapered tip and smooth surface, the upper part is shiny green and the bottom is pale. This species has five flower petals and four stamens. Fruit cone and light yellowish green.

Rhizophora mucronata

This tree has a height of up to 27 meters, a diameter of up to 70 centimeters and dark bark. The leaves are elliptical with a tapered tip and green leaf stalks. It has four petals, pale yellow, has eight stamens and is not stemmed. The elliptical fruit is brownish green and has a single seed.

Sonneratia alba

Trees have a height of up to 15 meters and bark is white to brown. The leaves are round inverted shape with rounded edges. It has 6 to 8 flower petals with a bell-like shape, green outer parts and reddish inner parts. The fruit is like a ball, a stem end and the base is wrapped in flower petals.

Acanthus ilicifolius

A. ilicifolius is a low herb and grows only 2 meters, branches generally up and not many. Wide lancet-shaped leaves with tapered and spiked ends. Flower crowns are light blue to violet purple and sometimes white. Oval-shaped fruit.

Fauna

Wana Tirta Mangrove Forest is home to a variety of animals including water monitor lizards (Varanus salvator), mangrove crabs (Scylla serrata), mud shrimp (Thalassina anomala), mangrove snails (Telescopium telescopium) and various Mudskipper (Oxudercinae).

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