Turpeth (Operculina turpethum)

Cepuk or turpeth (Operculina turpethum) is a species of plant in the Convolvulaceae, herbaceous, climbing, cylindrical stem with three fins, dark green or red in color, 4-5 meters long and branched.

O. turpethum has a leaf shape that varies widely from ovate or heart or oblong with a pointed or pointed tip, a main vein in the middle with many lateral veins.





Solitary flowers, trumpet-shaped and white. The fruit is a capsule with enlarged sepals, thickened pedicles and has 2-4 seeds each. The seeds are round and black in color.

TAXON

Kingdom: Plantae
Phylum: Tracheophyta
Subphylum: Angiospermae
Class: Magnoliopsida
Order: Solanales
Family: Convolvulaceae
Subfamily: Convolvuloideae
Tribe: Merremieae
Genus: Operculina Silva Manso in Enum. Subst. Braz.: 16 (1836)
Species: Operculina turpethum (L.) Silva Manso in Enum. Subst. Braz.: 16 (1836)

HOMOTYPIC SYNONYMS

Convolvulus turpethum L. in Sp. Pl.: 155 (1753)
Ipomoea turpethum (L.) R.Br. in Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland.: 485 (1810)
Merremia turpethum (L.) Rendle in D.Oliver & auct. suc. (eds.), Fl. Trop. Afr. 4(2): 102 (1905)
Spiranthera turpethum (L.) Bojer in Hortus Maurit.: 226 (1837)
Turpethum australe Raf. in Fl. Tellur. 4: 71 (1838)

HETEROTYPIC SYNONYMS

Argyreia alata Montrouz. in Mém. Acad. Roy. Sci. Lyon, Sect. Sci. 10: 236 (1860)
Argyreia alulata Miq. in Fl. Ned. Ind. 2: 587 (1857)
Convolvulus anceps L. in Mant. Pl. 1: 43 (1767)
Convolvulus gaudichaudii Choisy in Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 6: 450 (1833 publ. 1834)
Convolvulus maximus Blanco in Fl. Filip.: 91 (1837)
Convolvulus riedlei Choisy (1833 publ. 1834)
Convolvulus triqueter Vahl in Symb. Bot. 3: 30 (1794)
Convolvulus ventricosus Silva Manso in Enum. Subst. Braz.: 20 (1836)
Ipomoea anceps (L.) Roem. & Schult. in Syst. Veg., ed. 15[bis]. 4: 231 (1819)
Ipomoea diplocalyx Baker in Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1894: 71 (1894)
Ipomoea silvana Choisy in A.P.de Candolle, Prodr. 9: 374 (1845)
Ipomoea triquetra (Vahl) Roem. & Schult. (1819)
Ipomoea turpethum var. anceps (L.) Miq. (1857)
Ipomoea turpethum var. humilior Haines in Bot. Bihar Orissa 4: 600 (1922)
Ipomoea ventricosa Stellfeld in Tribuna Farm. 13: 86 (1945)
Merremia triquetra (Vahl) Roberty in Candollea 14: 36 (1952)
Operculina triquetra (Vahl) Hallier f. in Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 18: 120 (1893)
Operculina turpethum var. heterophylla Hallier f. in Verslag Staat 's Lands
Plantentuin Buitenzorg 1895: 127 (1896)
Operculina turpethum var. humilior (Haines) K.K.Khanna in Fl. Bihar, Analysis: 340 (2001)
Turpethum indicum Raf. (1838)

PUBLICATIONS

Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & Strong, M.T. (2012). Catalogue of seed plants of the West Indies. Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 98: 1-1192.

Austin, D.F. & S. Ghazanfar in E. Nasir & Ali, S.I. (eds.) (1979). Convolvulaceae. Flora of West Pakistan 126: 1-64.

Austin, D.F. in Boggan, J. Funck, V. & Kelloff, C. (1997). Convolvulaceae. Checklist of the Plants of the Guianas (Guyana, Surinam, Franch Guiana): 87-88. University of Guyana, Georgetown.

Austin, D.F. in Dassanayake (ed.) (1980). Rev. Handb. Fl. Ceylon Convolvulaceae. A Revised Handbook to the Flora of Ceylon 1: 288-363. Oxford & IBH Publishing Co. PVT. LTD., New Delhi, Calcutta.

Balkrishna, A. (2018). Flora of Morni Hills (Research & Possibilities): 1-581. Divya Yoga Mandir Trust.

Bosser, J. & H. Heine (2000). Fl. Mascar. Convolvulaceae. Flore des Mascareignes 127: 1-63. IRD Éditions, MSIRI, RBG-Kew, Paris.

Christophersen, E. (1938). Flow. Pl. Samoa II: Convolvulaceae. Bernice P. Bishop Museum Bulletin 154: 37-39.

Clarke, C.B. in Kanjilal, U.N., A. Das, P.C. Kanjilal, & R.E. De (eds.) (1939). Fl. Assam Convolvulaceae. Flora of Assam 3: 338-362+538. Govt. of Assam.

Deroin, T. (2001). Convolvulaceae. Flore de Madagascar et des Comores (Plantes Vasculaires) 171: 11-287. Typographie Firmin-Didot et Cie., Paris.

Fang, R.-Z. & Staples, G. (1995). Convolvulaceae. Flora of China 16: 271-325. Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis.

Florence, J., S. Wadren, & A.J. Chepstow-Lusty (1995). The flora of the Pitcairn Islands: a review. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 56: 79-119. The Linnean Society of London.

Fosberg, F.R. & Sachet. M.-H. (1977). Flora of Micronesia 3: Convolvulaceae. Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 36: 1-34.

Gonçalves, M.L. (1987). Convolvulaceae. Flora Zambesiaca 8(1): 9-129. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Heine, H. (1984). Fl. Nouv. Caléd. & Dépend. Convolvulaceae. Flore de la Nouvelle-Calédonie et Dépendances 13: 1-91. Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris.

Jarvis, C.E. in Jarvis, C.E. (2007). Convolvulaceae. Order out of Chaos Linnean Soc. London & Nat. Hist. Museum.

Johnson, R.W. (2012). Convolvulaceae. Australian Plant Census Council of Heads of Australian Herbaria.

Kartesz, J.T. in Kartesz, J.T. (1994). Convolvulaceae. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland: 217-221. Timber Press.

Karthigeyan, K., Pandey, R.P. & Mao, A.A. (eds.) (2023). Flora of Andaman and Nicobar Islands 2: 1-689. Botanical Survey of India. Ministry of environment, forest and climate change.

Khan, M.S. (1985). Fl. Bangladesh Convolvulaceae. Flora of Bangladesh 30: 1-59. Bangladesh National Herbarium, Dhaka.

Kotiya, A., Solanki, Y. & Reddy, G.V. (2020). Flora of Rajasthan: 1-769. Rajasthan state biodiversity board.

Kress, W.J., R.A. DeFilipps, E. Farr, & Y.Y. Kyi in Kress, W.J. et al. (2003). Cklist. Myanmar Convolvulaceae. Checklist of the Trees, Shrubs, Herbs, and Climbers of Myanmar: 197-201. National Museum of Natural History, Washington DC.

Mill, R.R. (1999). Fl. Bhutan Convolvulaceae. Flora of Bhutan 2(2): 834-862. Royal Botanic Gardens, Edinburgh.

Ooststroom, S.J. van & R.D. Hoogland (1953). Convolvulaceae. Flora Malesiana 4: 388-512. Noordhoff-Kolff N.V., Djakarta.

Plunkett, G.M., Ranker, T.A., Sam, C. & Balick, M.J. (2022). Towards a checklist of the vascular flora of Vanuatu. Candollea 77: 105-118.

Press, J.R., K.K. Shrestha, & D.A. Sutton (2012). Nepal Cklist. Convolvulaceae. Annotated Checklist of the Flowering Plants of Nepal - online Natural History Museum et al.

Rajbhandari, K.R., Rai, S.K. & Chhetri, R. (2022). A Handbook of the Flowering Plants of Nepal 4: 1-522. Department of Plant Resources, Thapathali, Kathmandu, Nepal.

Sachet, M.-H. (1975). Fl. Marquesas Convolvulaceae. Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 23: 27-34.

Smith, A.C. in Smith, A.C. (1991). Fl. Vitiensis Nova Convolvulaceae. Flora Vitiensis Nova. A new flora for Fiji (Spermatophytes only) 5: 41-69. Pacific Tropical Botanical Garden, Lawai.

Staples, G. (2018). Flore du Cambodge du Laos et du Viêt-Nam 36: 1-406. Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris.

Staples, G. (with P. Traiperm) (2010). Convolvulaceae. Flora of Thailand 10: 330-468. The Forest Herbarium, National Park, Wildlife and Plant Conservation Department, Bangkok.

Staples, G.W, (2007). Checklist of Pacific Operculina (Convolvulaceae), including a New Species. Pacific Science 61: 587-593.

Staples, G.W. & D.F. Austin (1981). Changes in the West Indian Operculina. Brittonia 33: 591-596.

Staples, G.W., D.F. Austin & R. Simao-Bianchini (2012). Disposition of the names published by A. Peter in Convolvulaceae. Taxon 61: 671-679.

Staples, G.W., Simões, A.R. & Austin, D.F. (2020). A monograph of Operculina (Convolvulaceae). Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 105: 64-138.

Sykes, W.R. (1970). Contributions to the flora of Niue. Bulletin, New Zealand Department of Scientific and Industrial Research 200: 1-321.

Thulin, M. et al. in Thulin, M. (ed.) (2006). Convolvulaceae. Flora of Somalia 3: 221-258. The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Verdcourt, B. (1963). Convolvulaceae. Flora of Tropical East Africa: 1-161.

Wagner, W.L. & D.H. Lorence in Wagner, W. L. & D. H. Lorence. (2002-ongoing). Fl. Marquesas CNV - April 2012. 2002-. Flora of the Marquesas Islands website. Smithsonian Institution & National Tropical Bot. Garden.

Whistler, W.A. (2022). Flora of Samoa Flowering Plants: 1-930. National Tropical Botanicl Garden. Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History.

Yamazaki, T. (1993). Fl. Japan Convolvulaceae. Flora of Japan IIIa: 195-205. Kodansha Ltd., Tokyo.

Yuncker, T.G. (1959). Plants of Tonga. Bernice P. Bishop Museum Bulletin 220: 1-283.

VERNACULAR NAME

Bengali: নিসোথ Nisōtha
Burmese: ဖမ်း - တာပတ်
Chinese (simplified): 盒果藤
Chinese (traditional): 盒果藤
English: Turpeth, St. Thomas lidpod, Fue vao
Filipino: Cepuk
Hindi: निसोथ - निशोधी - पिटोहरी Nisoth, Nishodhi, Pitohri
Indonesian: Cepuk, Cepuk persegi
Japanese: フウセンアサガオ
Java: Cepuk kothak, Cepuk
Khmer: ចាប់ - ទួរផេត
Korean: 합과등- 한의학
Lao: ຈັບ - ເທີເປັດ
Malayalam: Chivaka, Kuzhalkonna, Rochani, Sivatha, Thrikolpakonna, Thripuda
Malaysia: Cepuk
Nepali: निशोथ - निशोधि Nisoth, Nishodhi
Oria: Dudholomo
Palauan: Ongchutelrarekung
Russian: Оперкулина турпетум
Sinhala: චිවටායි Civaṭāyi
Slovak: Povojnica lekárska
Tamil: சிவதை - கும்பம் - காரலம் - கும்பன்கான் - பகன்றை Chivatai, Kumbam, Caralam, Kumpncan, Paganrai
Telugu: Tella tegada, Nalla tegada, Erra tegada
Thai: จิงจ้อเหลี่ยม
Urdu: ﺗﹹﺮﺑﹹﺪ ﺳﻔﻴﺪ Turbud safaid
Vietnam: Nắm lấy

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